riiUi-^rii^EN^-i 


I 


9r  -"■ 


f    ^n  the  C'erl. 

h  '         - 


S^i-ank-l : 


I  :]sr  ID  E-s: 


PAGE. 

The  Praiaea  we  have  won — our  dity 

•now,.. 8 

A  Remarkable  Vision, • 6 

Phenomenon— Ssvord  in  the  Heavens,  11 
A  Phenomenon —The  Sword  in  the 

Heavens,. 16 

European   Eecognition, 18 

A  Recent  Dream, 24 

General  Thomas  J.  Jackson — A  Bio- 
graphical sketch  of  St.onewall,..  26 

His  Battle  of  Falling  Waters,... 28 

"        ''        *•'        Kernstown, 29 

"        M'Dowell,...  .  30 

"        "        "        Winchester,.;.        ..30 
Port  Republic........  31 

Yankee  Notions  about  the  General- 
ship of  Stonewall  Jackson, 33 

Tackson's  Marches, 85 

Geiiei-al  John  II.  Morgan — Biographi-"^ 
cal  Sketch  of  the  Dashing"  Piirti- 

zan  Leader, HC 

General  Morgan's  Capture  of  Seven- 
teen Cities — The  most  extraordi- 
nary Chapter  in  the  History  of 

the  War, 39 

Official  Report  of  Col.  John  H.  Mor- 
gan,   4^ 

History  of  a  Yankee  Chase  and  Cap- 
ture of  Federal  Bridge-burners — 
A  Biocraphical  Sketch  of  Capt.' 

W.  A.  P'uUer, 54 

General  Forrest  just'  in  Time, 57 

The  Confederate  States  Navy, 58 

Woe  to  the  Vanquished, ; 59 

Doctor  M'Dowcll  of  St.  Louis— An 
Important  Letter,  of  December 

15,  1859, , ,,.  62 

The.  Mystery  of  Negrophilisra, . .  69 

Yanbee  Mistakes  in   regard  to  the 

South, 71 

Tour  Hundred  Thousand  Men  already 
buried  being  the  loss  in  tEeTWorth- 
ern  Armies,  for  the  first  year  and' 
a  half  of  the  War, T2 


PASB. 

European  Opinion  of  Butler's  Procla- 

mation,-; 75 

Butler's   Proclamation,    by  Paul  H. 

Hayne, * 7^  . 

The  enemy  acknowledges  a  severe 
whipping— They  resort  to  lyipg 
to  rally  their  men— "Bravery  of 

the  Rebel  Troops," 80 

The  Women  of  the  Revolution, 88 

Lincoln  and  his  Proclamation,.. S4 

The  Pederars  Bombardment  of  Vicks- 
burg — Providence    protects    the 

Innocent, ",  87 

The  Seige  of  Vicksburg  and  the  Les- 
son it  teaches, 89 

Federal  loss  95,000  men  in  a  campaign 
of  two  weeks.    Losses  of  the  two 
Armies — The  Balance  Sheet,....  91 
General  Bragg's  Address  to  the  Peo- 
ple of  the  North- West, . : 93 

Noble  Generosity 97 

Our  Duty  to  the  Soldier, .101 

Sympathy, .-.lOS 

Our  New  Star  Spangled  Banner, 104 

A  Patriotic  Song  from  across  the  "Wa- 
ters—The  Southern  Cross, 106 

The  Doctrine  of  the  North, 107 

The  Battle  of  Shilo>^ 108 

Oh  !  Weep  not  for  be  So'  \hr  Lad,. ..109 

The  Voices  of  1862, 110 

StonewaU  Jackson,  ...... 112 

The  Acts  of  the  last  SesSio^T' -of  Con- 
gress,  A  ...T....114 

Acts  relative  to  the  Army, 114 

"    •'   Navy,  116 

"         "        "    "    Financial  Affairs,! n 

"         "        "    "    Postal, 117 

"         "        "    "   Judicial, 117 

"         "         "    "    Treasury  Notes,.  11 7 
"         "         "    "-  Resolutions     of 

thanks, 118 

"          "        "    "    Sick  and  Woun- 
ded Soldiers, 118 

"         '■•     •  Miscellaneous  Affairs..  119 


ERRATA. 

On  tuikd  page  :  "  It  i^i  said  that  the  war  has  visited  us  so  long,"  &c,y 
should  read  sad.        /  . 

On  ninth  page  :, '"  Wheu  up  started  from  thQ  crown^^^  &C'.,  should 
read  crowd.  ,- 

On  fifteenth  page  :  "  We  of  the  South  have  been  over  credulous 
as  to  the  mora  effect,"  &c.,  should  read  moral. 

On  Titlb  page  :  Copy-right  secured  in  South  Carolina^  instead  of 
Georgia. 


^ 


CONFEIIERATE  MONITOR 


PATRIOT'S  FRIEND. 

Containing  sketches  of  numerous  important  and  thrilling  events 
of  the  present  Revolution,  together  with  several  in- 
teresting chapters  of   history  concerning 

GEN.  STONEWALL  JACKSON,  GEN.  MORGAN, 


AND   OTHER 

Grreat  men  oV  a  new  Nation 
Her  armor  and  salvation. 

n  infant  nation  is  .joftf  to  the  world, 
An  infant  in  asre  j  in  form,  a  giant'stroufj:, 
oes  forth  to  battle  with  a  nation  old, 
'       To  free  itself  fiom  oppression  and  wrong. 

Tlie  tj'ratit  now  refublic'  thouirh  'taa  been,    ' 
Came  foi-wjrd  with  mi2:bt  this  infant  to  crush. 

Whose  armor's  wielded  with  hopes  virtuous  sbeeu, 
Oheck'd  the  monster  with  an  impetuous  ru?b 

Its  arm,  though  young,  is  nerved  for  the  strife  ; 

Its  virtue  a  d  strength  nature's  God  hathgiveu, 
WMth  terrible  carnage,  regardless  of  life, 

T'le  Despot  from  its  borders  has  driven. 


AIKEN    SOUTH   CAROtTNA. 


(^ 


itered,  according  to  Act  of  Congress  of  Confederafe  States,  in  the  year  1 862,  by 
n.  F.  R.  JACKSON,    "    - 
Tn  the  Clerk's  Office  of  the  Northern  District  of  Georgia,  in  Atl;uvta. 


ATLANTA,  GEOEGIA : 
>^  FraixliliTi  Steara  iPrintiiag  Uonse, 

*  •  J.  jr.  TOON  &  CO. 


186S. 


y 


Barnwell  District,  March,  1862. 
H.  W.  R.  Jackson,  of  Aiken  Beat  Company,  11th  Regi- 
ment South  Carolina  Militia,  in  consequence  of  deformity  of 
left  leg,  on  account  of  fracture,  is  declared  incapable  of  mil- 
itary duty,  and  is  hereby  exempted  from  conscription. 

T.  J.  COUNTS,  Chairman. 
J.  J.  O'Bannon,  Sec't/. 

Being  an  invalid,"  I  have  given  my  entire  attention  to  the 
publication  of  several  vrorks  since  the  commencement  of  our 
Revolution,  having- a  bearing  upon  our  national  cause,  hoping 
thereby  to  render  good  service  to  the  Confederacy. 

H.  W.  R.  JACKSON, 

Aiken,  South  Carolina. 


fi^ef'^ce:. 


For  a  Preface  to  correspond  with  the  title  of  this  work,  I 
could  think  of  no  subject  more  appropriate  to  arouse  in- 
creased ardor  and  patriotic  devotion  to  the  cause  of  the 
Confederacy,  than  to  produce  the  follovving  extracts  which 
will  be  held  in  cherished  remembrance  by  a  devoted  people, 
inasmuch  as  the  crowned  heads  of  Europe  are  extending  to 
us  the  meed  of  praise  so  nol)ly  won  by  an  unparrelled  and 
self-sacrificing  devotion  of  our  Generals  and  Soldiers  upon 
many  well  fought  fields  of  battle,  where  a  thousand  victo- 
ries have  perched  upon  our  banners.  H.  W.  R.  J. 


THE  PRAISES  WE  HAVE  WON--OUR  DUTY  NOW. 

It  is  said  that  .the  war  has  visited  us  so  long ;  but  it  is 
pleasant  to  receive  the  encomiums  and  the  applause  which 
have  been  elicited  by  the  skill  and  courage  of  our.  generals 
and  soldiers,  and  the  wisdom  of  our  rulers.  The  world  is 
praising  us !  We  have  nothing  to  do  but  to  persevere,  and 
we  shall  not  only  establish  our  security,  but  wc  shall  hold  a 
proud  name  among  the  nations,  and  command  a  'respect 
which,  perhaps,  will  save  us  many  future  wars. 

The  following  is  from  the  London  "Times"  of  the  16th 
September : 

"The  people  of  the  Confederate  States  have  made  them- 
selves famous.  If  the  renown  of  brilliant  covrage,  stern 
devotion  to  a  cause,  and  military  arhievfincnts  almost  tuithout 
parallel,  can  compensate  men  for  the  toil  and  privations  of 
the  hour,  then  the  countrymen  of  Lee  and  Jackson  may  be 
consoled  amid  their  sufferings:  From  all  parts  of  Europe, 
from  their  enemies  as  well  as  their  friends,  from  those  who 
condemn  their  acts  as  well  as  those  who  sympathize  with 
them,  comes  the  tribute  of  admisation.  When  the  history  of 
this  war  is  written,  the  admiration  will  doubtless  become 
deeper  and  stronger,  for  the  veil  which  has  covered  the  South 
will  be  drawn  away,  and  disclose  a  picture  of  patriotism,  of 
unanimous  self-sacrifice,  of  xoise  and  firm  cubninistration, 
which  now  we  can  only  see  indistinctly.     The  details  of  that 


4  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

extraordinary  national  effort  which  has  led  to  the  repulse  and 
almost  to  the  destruction  of  an  invading  force  of  more  than 
half  a  million  men,  will  then  become  known  to  the  world, 
and,  whatever  may  be  the  fate  of  the  new  nationality,  or  its 
subsequent  claims  to  the  respect  of  mankind,  it  will  assuredly 
begin  its  career  with  a  reputation  for  genius  and  val- 
or ivhich  the  most  famous  nations  may  envy.  Within^  a 
period  of  eighteen  months  a  scattered  population,  hitherto 
living  exclusively  by  agriculture,  and  occustomed  to  trust 
for  every  product  of  art  and  manufiicture  to  the  North,  has 
been  turned  into  a  self-sufficing  State,  able  to  raise  an  im- 
mense army,  and  conduct  what  is  now  an  offensive  war." 

The  Liverpool  Courier  of  the  16th  says : 

"  The  Confederates  have  won  the  admiration  of  the  civili- 
zed, nations  for  their  constancy ,  fortitude^  endurance  and 
bravery.  They  have  ftianaged  to  create  resources  when  shut 
out  from  the  commerce  of  the  earth  ;  they  have  beaten,  an 
insolent  and  bullying  people  three  times  their  number." 

'  The  Manchester   "  Guardian-"  says  :    . 

"The  Southj  both  by  their  niilitary  (lualilus  m  the  field, 
and  by  (heir  statesmanship  in  the  council,  \iiiv(d  clearly  estab- 
lished their  title  to  a  separate  nationality,  and.. the  sooner 
that  title  is  recognized  by  the  North,  the  loss  cause  will  the 
latter  have  lor  subsequent  regret.  ■  •      ' 

They  have  given  a  complete  answer  to  all.  those  persons 
who  doubted  whether  they  could  cope  successfully  with  the 
superior  resources  of  tlie  North." 

In  connect-ion  with  these  tributes  of  admiration  and  com- 
pliment, there  is  an. earnest  call  for  our  "recognition.  The 
Paris  "  Constitu-tionel "  says  : 

"From  the  point-- of  view^- of  European  inteivsts,  should 
the- present  situation  be  prolonged?  We  think  not.  The 
sc'parate  existence  of  the  Confederate  Slates  is  a  fact  as  well 
as  a  necessity  :  the  impossibility  of  reducing  them  is  demon- 
strated. Can  Europe  wait  any  longer  before  recognizing 
theml  Will  she  require  that  they  shall  have  Washington'? 
That  will  be  asking  of  them  what  was  not  asked  of  the 
Greeks,  the  Belgians,  or  the  Italians.  It  sufficed  for  the  rec- 
ognition of  the  independence  of  these  people,  that  they  were 
masters  of  Athens,  Brussels  and  Milan.  We  did  not  wait 
until  they  had  taken  Constantinople,  the  Hague,  and  Vienna. 
They  had  driven  away  the  .enemy.     That  wf|s  enough." 


AND  PATRIOT  S  FRIEND.  O 

The  Liverpool  "  Chronicle  "  says  : 

*'  Three  invasions  have  been  baffler!  or  repelled,  three  in- 
vading arjiiies  have  been  shattered,  both  separately  and  to- 
gethc]'.  W/ia(  do  we  ivaii  for,  and  what  do  we  require  ^ — 
Gunboats,  indeed,  may  steal  up  rivers  and  tire  coniniereial 
towns;  but  the  spiteful  vengeance  of  a  malignant  enemy  is 
not  to  be  a  bar  to  justice.  The  siege  of  Washington  places 
the  Confederates  in  a  position  fo  demand  their  recognition. — 
lliey  are  no  longeron  the  defensive,  but  the  assailants." 

It  is  a  pleasing  privilege  thus  to  publish  to  our  brave  sol- 
diers and  to  our  rulers  and  statesmen,  the  praises  they  have 
won  even  in  distant  lands.  That  fame  is  large  which  thus 
fdls  the  world  !  Oh,  how  it  will  glow  on  tne  page  of  histo- 
ry !  Nothing  is  requisite  to  crown  it  with  everlasting  glory 
but  the  continued  display  of  wise  councils  and  the  patient 
endurance  of  privations  and  hardships  for  a  little  longer! 
Those  who  love  to  praise  the  noble  and  the  courageous, 
would  almost  weep  tears  of  blood  if  in  the  least  wc  should 
falter  now,  when  a  thousand  signs  tell  us  our  cause  is  won  ! 

A  whaler,  when  he  drives  In  his  harpoon,  watches  to  see 
the  effect.  If  the  huge  fish  spout  Ijlood,,  then  he  knows  that" 
he  has  touched  ''  his  life,"  and  that  his  prize  is  secure.  We 
are  encouraged  now  by  the  c<jiiivalcnt  signs  on  the  part  of 
our  enemy.  - 

The  time  was  w-hcn  a  defeat  Would  but  arouse  his  fury  and 
redouble  liis  energies.-  Time  was  when,  if  we  destroyed  ten 
thousand  of  his  men,  he  would  ^wiflly  replace  them  by  ten 
times  ten  thousand.  The  dart  stung  him,  but  had  not  then 
touched  his  vitals.     It  merely  enraged  him. 

That  time  is  past.  The  monster  now  spouts  blood  I  Do- 
teat  now  disheartens  and  intimidates  and  wealcens  our  enemy. 
His  money-changers  have  taken  the  alarm.  New  soldieis 
are  hard  to  bring  forward.  It  requires  a  draft  noV,  and  he 
orders  the  draft  but  is  afraid  to  execute  it.  Ilis  people  arc 
divided  and  distracted.  Again  we  say  the  whale  is  spouting 
blood.  Europe  sees  it,  and  daily  declares  it.  We  see  it, 
and  know  it.  Renew  then  your  zeal  and  courage,  citizens 
and  soldiers  of  the  Confederacy!  Plan  with  your  utmost 
wisdom,  ye  statesmen  and  rulers  !  '  Display  all  your  skill 
and  daring,  ye  Generals,  and  all  your  heroism  and  endurance, 
ye  fjime-crowned  soldiers  !  And  let  those  whose  duties  are 
at  home,  the  wives,  whose  husbands  are  in  the  war,  and  the 


_.  J 


6  CONFEDERATE   MONITOR 

maidens,  whose  brothers  and  lovers  are  fighting  for  them ; 
the  aged  fathers  and  mothers,  who  wait  to  hear  the  footstep 
of  thefr  son  ;  let  them  all  still  manifest  that  noble  fortitude 
and  patriotism  which  have  made  them  the  boast  of  their 
country,  and  the  pride  and  inspiration  of  the  soldiers.  Let 
them  still  encourage  the  soldier's  zeal  by  their  kindnesses 
and  their  smiles  and  their  praises.  The  end  of  our  troubles 
approaches,  and  the  result  is  sure,  for  the  whale  is  spouting 
blood  ! — Uickmond  Enquirer^  Oct.  Ithj  1862. 


A  REMARKABLE  VISION. 

We  are  in  the  midst  of  a  revolution  unparalleled  in  the 
histories  of  nations,  and  in  times  like  the  present,  our  surest 
and  best  monitor  for  the  future  must  be  derived  from  the  in- 
disputable facts  and  incidences  of  past  and  daily  occurring 
events. 

We  can  draw  inferences  and  arrive  at  conclusions  by  the 
observation  of  the  falling  of  a  leaf  which  has  served  its  time 
to  the  parent  stem  that  bore  it,  when  it  returns  to  a  state  of 
decomposition,  or  becomes  food  aad  nourishment  to  sustain 
animal  life. 

We  may  arriveat  an  indefinite,  yet  somewhat  satisfacto- 
ry, conclusion  as  to  the  immensity  of  the  power  and  will  of 
God,  when  we  direct  our  minds  with  a  sober  and  reflective 
tendency  to  the  delicate  and  helpless  condition  of  an  infai.t, 
the  most  tender  of  all. matter  possessing  the  germ  of  life. — 
When  we  compare  the  depth  of  mind  and  the  qualities  of 
the  soul  of  man  with  the  dull  instinct  of  the  animal,  we  can 
not  but  admit  the  eternally  predominating  and  infinite  will 
of  an  everlasting  God,  the  ruler  and  guardian  of  all  human 
events — the  dispenser  alike  of  good  and  evil.  What  to  us 
appeareth  as  evil  may  be  to  him  all  good.  ;  What  to  us  ap- 
pears conflicting  and  discordant,  may  be  to  him  one  harmo- 
nious whole*.  . 

Man,  though  possessing  the  will  and  energy  to  follow  his 
own  inclination,  has  frequently  to  consult  with  a  monitor 


AND  PATRIOT  S  FRIEND.  7 

from  within  rebuking  his  insubordination,  in  some  instances 
resulting  in  disease  or  injury. 

Man  is  a  subordinate  being  to  an  invisible  power.  When 
the  body  in  fatigue  and  exhaustion  is  occupied  with  refresh- 
ing slumber  and  repose,  the  mind  still  is  engaged  in  spiritu. 
al  exercises  and  occasional  aerial  flights,  traveling  with  light- 
ning rapidity. 

We  claim  that  the  mind  of  man  in  modern  as  well  as  in 
ancient  times  is  capable  of  revelation  and  interpreting  future 
events.  All  the  requisites  thereto  are,  faith  in  God  and  obe- 
dience to  His  will. 

In  the  year  of  1860,  during  my  stay  in  the  West  Indies, 
"being  an  invalid,  and  having  visited  the  Islands  for  my 
health,"  I  came  in  contact  with  some  rampant  abolitionists, 
who,  knowing  me  to  be  a  Southern  man,  frequently  ques- 
tioned me  as  to  what  I  thought  would  be  the  general  feeling 
and  probable  action  of  the  Southern  people  in  the  event  of 
the  election  of  an  abolition  candidate  for  President.  M} 
answer  invariably  was,  that  the  South  would  not  submit  to 
the  dictation  of  a  fanatical  and  soctipnal  party,  but  that  revo- 
lution and  war  would  be  the  orSer  of  the  day,  rather  than 
bow  to  the  behests  and  subverting  principles  of  a  Puritanical 
and  abolition  faction. 

When  I  received  the  intelligence  of  the  disruption  of  the 
Democratic  Convention  at  Charleston,  I  was  at  the  store  of 
Cutts  &;  Cooper  in  San  Domingo,  where  I  had  gone  to  me(  t 
the  Captain  of  the  Bird  of  the  Wave,  a  merchant  vessel  from 
New  York  that  brought  me  regular  files  of  papers  each  trip. 

It  was  there  and  then  that  I  heard  loud  and  jubilant  dem- 
onstrations as  to  the  probable  triumph  of  the  Republican 
party,  as  Capt.  Cutts  termed  it. 

"And  then,^^  said  he,  "  we  will  legislate  slavery  out  of  all 
the  Southern  States." 

When  I  remarked, —  . 

"Let  your  abolition  party  triumph,  Sir.  Then  South 
Carolina  will  lead  oft' by  secession,  and  the  Balance  of  the 
Southern  States  will  follow.". 


8  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 


"  Bah ! "  ejaculated  Capt.  Cutts,  "  that  litttle  State  of 
South  Carolina  can  be  whipped  back  into  the  Union  without 
much  trouble." 

"  While  you-  attempt  to  do  that,  Sir,'[  said  I,  "  all  the 
Southern  States  will  come  to  her  assistance,  and  then  we'll 
have  a  tug  of  ivar,  Sir.^^ 

"Yes,"  said  Capt.  C,  "but  our  Republican  party  will 
have  a  man  of  the  stamp  of  old  Hickory,  who  will  be  too 
smart  for  you  Southern  Jire-eaters.  South  Carolina  intended 
to  secede  in  1832,  but  old  Hickory  was  about  to  bring  her 
back  into  the  Union  by  force,  when  she  dropped  her  seces 
sion  notions  like  a  hot  potato,  finding  Jackson  in  earnest." 

"  I'm  astonished  at  you,  Captain  Cutts,"  said  I,  "  that  you 
should  seemingly  appear  to  be  so  greatly  misinformed  upon 
that  subject.  I  know  something  about  the  stand  South  Caro- 
lina took  at  that  time.  She  nobly  acted  her  part.  She  pro- 
claimed her  25urpose  and  demanded  her  rights,  and  will  do  it 
again  if  necessity  requires.  She  defied  Andrew  .Jackson 
and  his  Cabinet,  and  persisted  in  the  nullification  of  the  tariff 
act,  (which  was  a  measure  sectional  in  its  bearings  and 
emoluments,)*  until  she  finally  triumphed  in  bringing  old 
Hickory  and  his  Cabinet  to  terms  of  modification,  conse- 
quently she  did  not  then  secede,  because  she  got  what  she 
asked  for." 

"  Well,  Sir,  I  wish  tlie  whole  State  of  South  Carolina  were 
sunk  forty  fiithoms  below  the  surface  of  the  sea." 

"Ycur  imprecations.  Sir,"  said  I,  "are  of  no  avail.  As 
for  our  contention,  it  will  benefit  neither  you  nor  I." 

Bidding  him  good  morning,  I  started  home  to  read  my 
papers.  That  night  occurred  to  me  a  vision  in  a  dream  of 
being  in  Charleston.  Looking  down  the  bay,  I  beheld  al- 
most innumei-able  fleet  of  steam  and  sailing  vessels  of  every 
size,  from  the  largest-  down  to  the  smallest. 

On  shore,  every  thhig  -was  hurry  and  bustle,  (preparing 
for  defence  against  the  hostile  fleet.     JJ  mfet  some  of  my 


. 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  9 

friends  in  what  seoiucd  to  mc  a  barracks,  unifoinied,  arnied 
and  equipped  for  the  strife  that  was  apparently  soon  to  com- 
mence, when  I  remarked  to  them,  "  Gentlemen,  if  I  were  not 
a  cripple,  you  may  rest  assured  I  would  be  one  of  your  num- 
ber." 

"  We  know  that,"  was  the  spontaneous  reply  of  a  number 
of  them,  "  but  you  can  act  your  part  at  home  in  a  different 
capacity." 

When  upstarted  from  the  crown  a  brother  soldier  of  mine, 
Jules  Dreux,  (a  brother  of  Lieut.  Col.  Dreux,  who  was  killed 
by  the  enemy  at  Newport  News,  Va.,  on  the  4th  of  July, 
1801.  Both  brothers  and  I  were  brother  soldiers  in  the  same 
company  before  1  was  injured.)  Grasping  me  by  the  hand, 
saying,  "  IlaUoNV,  Jackson,  old  fellow,  I'm  glad  to  sec  you. 
I  wish  you  could  be  one  of  us." 

"  God  bless  you,  I  wish  so  too,"  was  my  rejoinder. 

When  he  gave  me  so  hearty  a  shake  of  the  hand,  that  I 
woke  from  my  dream,  and  found  it  was  not  a  reality.  But 
it  was  to  me  food  for  reilection.  Next  morning;  I  related  my 
dream  to  an  ohl  friend,  Mr.  Marsiac,  and  others,  stating  it 
as  my  firm  belief  that  we  would  have  war,  and  remarked  at 
the  same  time,  that  if  I  were  a  millionaire,  I  would  invest  my 
capital  in  building  vessels  of  war,  as  a  precautionary  and 
preparatory  measure  to  meet  a  hostile  flect,"Jf  need  be. 

Several  months  subsequent,  I  left  the  West  Indies  and  ar- 
rived at  home,  being  then  about  a  month  previous  to  thy 
election  of  Lincoln. 

In  December,  1800,  I  went  to  Texas  to  travel  during  the 
winter  on  business,  when  in  February,  1801,  occurred  to  mc 
another  dream  equally  as  significant  as  the  one  related  in  the 
foregoing,  but  more  interesting  as  to^  our  future. 

1  experienced  successive  and  violent  shocks  of  an  earth- 
quake, which  caused  me  to  turn  and  look  about  me,  finding 
myself  upon  the  heights  in  Virginia  in  the  vicinity  of  Wash- 
insjton,  wTienvlookin^  about  mc, 

A*  * 


10  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

an  impassable  gulf  of  great  extent  from  East  toward  the 
West,  which  appeared  to  have  been  the  result  of  said  vio- 
lent shocks  of  earth-quake ;  finding  myself  upon  the  South 
side  of  said  gulf,  and  looking  in  a  Southerly  direction  in 
view  of  some  of  the  most  beautifully  green  islands  and  bright, 
silvery  lakes,  affording  one  of  the  most  rare  and  delightful 
prospects  for  contemplation. 

I  was  delighted  with  the  beautiful  scenery  in  the  far-off 
distance  to  the  South,  when  presently  I  heard  a  distant  sound 
and  rumbling  noise,  and  in  an  instant  more  experiencecl  the 
most  violent  shock,  followed  by  another  and  another  in  quick 
succession,  which  caused  the  earth  to  heave  and  swing  to  and 
fro,  nearly  depriving  me  of  my  footing. 

The  hills  appeared  to  be  in  motion  like  the  waves  of  the 
sea.  The  most  violent  shock  appeared  to  be  in  the  direction 
of  Maryland.  Looking  off  in  that  direction,  I  saw  devasta- 
tion and  ruin  on  both  sides  of  the  impassable  gulf. 

The  rolling,  rumbling  sound  of  the  earth-quake  was  last 
heard  in  a  northerly  direction.  It  also  appeared  to  me  that 
I  was  summoned  to  go  upon  an  important  mission,  and  start- 
ing on  the  way,  I  remembered  to/have  left  a  navy-size  re- 
volver, which  I  was  to  have  carried  I  hastened  back  to  get 
it,  when  I  awoke,  and  behold  it  was  a  dream.  But  how  real 
arid  how  natural  it  did  appear !  The  incidences  connected 
therewith  were  so  distinctly  and  vividly  impressed  upon  my 
mind,  that  I  shall  never  forget  them. 

Next  morning  I  related  the  dream  to  Dr.  Patton  and  his 
family.  I  told  them  that  we  would  be  engaged  in  avast  and 
extensive  war ;  that  the  most  desolating  part  of  the  strife 
would  be  on  Virginia^soil ;  that  portion  of  the  States  of  Vir- 
ginia and  Maryland"  would  be  devastated  and  laid  waste  by 
the  encampments  and.  marching  of  large  armies  over  them. 
Dr.  Patton  asked  me  if  I  really* believed  what  I  said.  My 
answer  w^as,  that  I  certainly  did  believe  it,  as  I  could  not 
interpret  my  dream  in  any  other  way.  This  occurred  in  th 
city  of  Goliad,  County  of  Goliad,  and  State  of  Texas.,  in  the 
house  of  Dr.  Patton,  resident  practitioner  in  said  place. 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  11 

I  remarked  to  the  Doctor  and  his  family,  The  last  of  the 
rolling,  rumbling  sound  of  the  earth-quake  I  heard  to  the 
North  indicates  that  we  will  beat  them  at  their  own  game — 
carry  the  war  into  their  own  country  and  force  them  to 
peace;  they  will  be  glad  to  let  us  go  before  we  are  done 
with  them.  '  H.  W.  R.  J. 


THENOMENON-SWORD  IN  THE  HEAVENS. 

We  have  recently  seen  the  .-bign  of  the  sword  in  the  heavens 
pointing  to  the  north-cast,  towards  the  region  of  abolition  fa- 
naticism, where  originated  all  the  causes  of^the  present  revo- 
lution— the  election  of  a  sectional  man  to  the  office  of  Chief- 
Magistrate  over  'a  people  differing  in  interests  as  day  differs 
from  night.  Though  credulous  as  we  of  the  South  have  been, 
we  could  readily  discern  the  culminating  point  the  sectional 
and  abolition  dogmas  of  puritanical  tactions  were  leading  us 
to.  We  took  the  necessary  steps  for  a  separation  from  that 
portion  of  States  which  seemed  willing  to  adhere  and  conform 
to  a  policy  inimical  to  the  Constitutional  rights  of  the  States 
and  Territories  of  the  South — a  policy  inaugurated  by  the 
promulgation  of  Puritanical  and  abolition  principles,  and  en- 
trusted by  a  sectional  party  to  the  hands  of  an  uncouth  and 
unprincipled  political  knave,  uneducated  save  in  knavery  and 
buflbonery,  who  has  already  proven  himself  capable  only  of 
the  destruction  of  the  civil  and  religious  liberties  of  a  people. 

We  adhered  to  the  rights  of  States  as  to  the  rights  of  in- 
dividuals. We  asked  for  a  line  of  separation,  and  held  out 
the  olive  branch  of  peace  by  sending  Commissioners  for  the 
negotiations  of  a  treaty.  Said  Commissioners  were,  hovr- 
ever,  disregarded  with  respect  to  their  position  and  political 
bearing.  In  the  meantime,  a  perfidious  policy  was  beihg  ac- 
tively enforced  for  the  provisioning  and  -reinforcement  of 
Fort  Sumpter,  which,  happily,  was  prevented  by  the  timely 
cevelopment  of  the  treasonable  proceedings,  which  made  it 
necessary  on  our  part  to  take  timely  action  for  the  dislodge- 


12  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

ment  of  the  menials  of  tyranny  who  were  possessed  with  the 
delusion  of  having  securely  placed  themselves  within  the 
walls  of  Fort  Sumpter.  We  disposed  of  said  menials  accor- 
ding to  the  rules  of  justice  and  laws  of  war. 

A  proclamation  was  then  issued  by  Lincoln  calling  out 
seventy- five  thousand  men  to  suppress  the  popular  will  of 
the  people  of  seven  States  who  rose  up  as  a  man  to  adopt 
their  own  form  of  Government  and  to  support  a  separate 
national  existence.  This  call  for  seventy -five  thousand  men 
was  the  cause  of  the  secession  of  six  other  additional  States, 
supporting  the  movement  of  the  seven  who  had  previously 
seceded,  by  their  almost  unanimous  and  simultaneous  with- 
drawal from  the  old  Union,  which  has  given  us  thirteen 
States  for  the  inauguratien  of  the  Government  of  the  South- 
ern Confederacy,  being  a  singular  coincidence  with  the  for- 
mation of  the  Government  of  the  old  United  States.  Yet, 
notwithstanding  the  popular  movement  and  earnest  demon- 
stration of  the  Southern  people,  it  was  not  sufficient  warning 
to  the  vile  and  arrogant  Actions  of  the  North  to  desist  from 
a  war  of  attempted  conquest  and  subjugation — a  war  which, 
from  its  source  and  means  ©f  origin,  makes  it  the  most  un- 
hallowed in  the  eyes  of  God  and  civilized  nations  of  all  con- 
flicts in  ancient  or  modern  times,  more  particularly  so,  being 
waged  by  a  people  who  but  recently  laid  claim  to  the  en- 
lightenment and  conversion  of  the  heathens  of  barbarous  na- 
tions to  civilization  and  Christianity. 

But  behold  how  deep  they  have  plunged  themselves  into 
an  interminable  gulf  and  vortex  of  ruin  by  the  attempted 
enslavement  of  a  people  vastly  and  infinitely  their  supei-ior 
in  political,  religious  and  social  positions — aye,  in  all  the 
attributes  of  man. 

In  the  hour  of  triumph  and  in  the  pride  of  its  political  po- 
sition, it  disregarded  every  principle  of  individual  right  by 
the  encouragement  and  exclusive  adherence  to  their  own  per- 
verted and  sectional  views,  thereby  severing  the  bonds  of 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  13 

union,  and  breaking  the  cords  of  commercial  and  social  in- 
terest which  bound  the  two  sections  of  people  together.  We 
are  henceforth  two  'people^  perpetually  and  forever,  particu- 
larly so  with  regard  to  the  Puritan  race,  which  is  principally 
located  North  of  Maryland  and  East  of  the  Alleghany  Moun- 
tains. With  tlie  people  of  the  Western  States  we  have  been 
intimately  associated,  in  consequence  of  the  inevitable  course 
of  trade  wdiich  traversed  tlie  natural  outlets  and  highways  of 
commerce,  (the  Mississippi  and  its  tributaries,)  which  links 
the  west  to  the  South  indissolubly,  in  a  Geographical  and 
Commercial  point  of  view. 

With  regard  to  our  present  struggle  and  revolution,  the 
people  of  the  West  have  been  greatly  misled  by  a  blind  and 
mistaken  policy — f<;rced  upon  thom  by  the  most  perfidious 
misrepresentations  of  the  Puritan  faction — as  to  their  na- 
tional existence,  and  support  of  a  flag  which,  l)eing  l)y  them 
regarded  with  national  pride  and  devotion,  has  caused  them 
to  engage  in  a  devastating  and  ruinous  war,  which,  to  theiv 
sorrow,  they  now  begin  to  see  is  depriving  them  of  every 
vestige  of  individual  right,  of  civil  and  religious  liberty,  and 
of  national  existence  as  a  Pepublican  people.  The  short 
space  of  a  year  and  a  half  has  been  sufficiently  long  for  the 
development  of  schemes  of  despotism,  tyranny,  and  oppres 
sion,  to  fix  a  power  and  establisji  a  monarch's  crown.  Where 
is  the  reflective  and  sane  mind  that  will  not  admit  the  impos- 
sil)ility  of  the  subjugation  of  the  people  of  the  South  ?  Then 
why  the  continuation  of  the  war  upon  largely  increased  and 
multiplied  proportions,  but  for  the  efll*ctual  and  perpetual 
c<jnsolidation  of  the  powers  of  Government  for  the  binding 
of  the  agricultural  West  to  the  East?  The  struggle  was 
comnienced  for  Empire,  but  the  Pui-itan's  lust  of  power  and 
his  abuse  of  the  laws  of  nature,  have  precipitated  a  mass  of 
corruption  from  an  eminence,  which,  sweeping  down  the  de- 
clivity of  tiiie,  has  collected  in  its  course  all  the  superfluous 
and  waste  matter  within  its  reach,  until  it  formed  a  body  of 
large  proportions  in  outward  appearance,  but  entirely  devoid 
of  wisdom  and  statesmanship  for  the  guidance  of  the  reins  of 


14  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

the  Government  and  the  fostering  care  of  national  wealth,  are 
precipitating  themselves  into  a  vortex  of  ruin.  The  war 
still  continues  for  Empire  no  less  now  .than  at  its  commence- 
ment, for  now  they  see  that  the  South  to  them  is  irretrieva- 
bly lost.  But  the  struggle  is  prolonged  with  a  policy  and 
motives  of  deception — directed  against  the  South,  but  really 
intended  for  the  West.  The  latter's  hosts  are  being  mar- 
shaled and  pressed  into  service  preparatory  to  the  proclama- 
tion of  Empire  binding  the  West  to  the  East,  which  is  the 
only  hope  of  national  life  the  Puritan  faction  of  the  East  now 
possess.  Men  of  the  West,  will  ye  not  take  warning,  and 
cast  your  eyes  about  to  secure  to  yourselves  a  harbor  of 
safety  1  Get  yourselves  out  of  reach  of  the  avalanche  of  cor- 
ruption now  sweeping  headlong  to  destruction.  The  shackles 
of  despotism  are  being  prepared  for  you  by  the  usurper  who 
tramples  upon  all  virtues  and  laws,  both  human  and  divine. 
There  is  yet  remaining  a  season  in  which,  if  you  will,  you 
may  act  and  shake  off  the  shackles  of  bondage  before  they 
become  riveted.  Methinks  1  see  the  signs  of  the  times  ap- 
proaching when  the  Western  people  will,  with  Herculean 
strength,  shake  off  the  yoke  of  bondage  and  look  to  their  own 
interests,  which,  commercial iy,  they  find  in  the  South.  The 
result  must  inevitably  be  a  separate  national  existence,  in- 
dependent of,  and  free  from,  all  the  Puritan  and  abolition 
dogmas  of  the  East,  and  form  a  commercial  and  political  al- 
liance with  the  Southern  Confederacy — her  natural  ally  in 
geographical  position,  in  conimerce,  and  in  navigation. 

The  Western  people  have  been  rather  over-zealous  in  the 
support  of  a  detestable  flag  which  has  become  an  emblem  of 
perfidy,  disgrace  and  shame.  They  have  been  misled  and 
deceived  by  false  pretensions  and  ^lisrepresentations  as  to 
the  real  design  and  object  of  the  war.  But  now  the  mask  is 
thrown  aside.  The  Puritanical  and  abolition  policy  is  openly 
avowed  and  boldly  proclaimed  to  the  world — to  rob,  murder 
and  outrage  all  the  citizens  of  the  Southern  Confederacy. — 
The  Southern  States  are  to  be,  and  some  portions  have  al- 


AND  PATRIOT  S  FRIEND. 


15 


ready  been,  declared  territory  to  be  apportioned  to  the 
soldier  hirelings  and  citizens  of  the  Northern  tyranny.  What 
is  to  become  of  the  entire  people  of  the  South,  when  we  re- 
view their  condition  according  to  the  will  and  caprice  of  the 
Puritanical  fanaticism  of  the  North?  We  see  no  hope  nor 
prospect  other  than  entire  and  complete  extermination,  were 
it  in  their  power  to  accomplish. 

Shall  we  of  the  South  indeed  believe  that  the  Western 
people  could  possibly  be  accomplices  in  so  ungodly  a  design 
and  relentless  a  barbarity  1  No  ;  we  shall  not  yet  believe 
them  so  forgetful  of  their  manhood,  so  blind  to  their  own 
interests,  and  so  demented  in  their  beings,  as  to  join  that 
corrupt  and  polluted  faction  in  the  East  in  so  hellish  and  so 
damnable  a  purpose,  should  we  even,  for  argument's  sake, 
admit  that  so  sacrilegious  an  object  were  within  the  range  of 
possibilities  to  be  accomplished.  We  can  not  believe  it,  nor 
do  we  ever  expect  to  impute  to  them  charges  of  minds  so  de- 
based as  to  enter  upon  the  Lincoln  stage  of  tragedy  for  the 
accomplishment  of  so  detestable  an  object  and  worthless  a 
result.  Let  us  hope  for  a  change  of  front  of  the  Western 
people,  who  have  been  over-zealous,  though  deceived. 

We  of  the  South  have  been  over-credulous  as  to  the  mora 
effect  our  successes  in  our  secession  movement,  (capturing 
nearly  all  the  forts  and  strong  positions  in  the  Southern 
States,  with  vast  quantities  of  arms  and  munitions  of  war, 
together  with  the  spontaneous  uprising  of  the  people  of  the 
South,)  would  have  upon  the  civilized  and  commercial  na 
tions  of  Europe  in  favor  of  our  cause,  which  we  expected 
would  speedily  recognize  us  as  a  nation,  and  would  have 
opened  their  ports  to  our  privateers  and  men  of  war. 

Our  credulity,  and  consequent  inactivity,  after  the  first 
battle  of  Manassas,  has  given  our  enemy  an  advantage  over 
us  in  superior  armaments  and  appliances  of  war.  The  re- 
sult was,  that  in  many  instances  we  were  necessarily  com- 
pelled to  abandon  weak  and  apparently  defenceless  points, 
upon  the  approach  of  the  enemy's  gunboats  with  their  heavy 


16 


-   CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 


armaments.     Credulity,  however,  like  forbearance,  has  ceased  \ 
to  be  a  virtue. 

The  chivalry  and  valor  of  the  South  has  been  fully  aroused 
within  the  last  five  months.     We  have  thrown  our  lives  into  * 
the  ballance  of  justice.     We  have  committed  our  cause  into  ' 
the  hands  and   keeping  of  God  our  maker,  having  in  the 
meantime  cast  the  dye  by  the  execution   of  energetic  move- 
ments with  willing  miiids,  stout  hearts,  and  strong  hands  to 
do  and  die.     We  have  driven  the  tyrant's  minions  from  our  1 
borders,  who  but  recently  and  tauntingly  proclaimed   our  1 
speedy  conquest  and  subjugation.       God  has  blessed  our 
arms  in  all  directions  and  with  many  victories  over  a  heartless 
and  more  than  barbarian  foe.     Our  armies  are  now  threat 
ening  with  invasion  many  points  simultaneously  of  the  ene 
my 's  territory.     The  wolf  is  driven  to  his  den — the  tyrant^ 
and  usurper  is  at  bay,  making  Herculean  efforts  to  retain  his 
own  Capital.     Many  and  wise  are. the  ways  of  God  ;  He  de- 
fends and  prospers  the  just  and  the  righteous.     lie  has  most 
signally  revealed  to  us  his  will  and  power.     The  sword  of 
God  striketh  to  the  hearts  of  our  enemy  by  the  hands  of  the 
Aborigines  of  the  North-West ;  by  the  arbitrary  acts  of  the 
tyrant  and  usurper ;  by  the   anarchy  and  corruption  that 
reigneth  throughout  his  dominions ;  by  the  perverse  reason- 
ings of  Umatical  dogmas  which  are  attempted  of  being  en- 
forced against  a  virtuous  and  God  fearing  people.     In  many  ■ 
ways  the  sword  of  God  is  being  drawn.     And  yet  a  little 
while  its  flaming  blade  will  reach  the  most  vital  part  of  the 
tyrant  monster.  H.  W.  11.  J. 


From  Iho  Monlicello  (Fla.)  Family  Fricml. 

A  PHENOMENON-SWORD  IN  THE  HEAVENS. 

We  are  informed  by  a  gentleman  whose  veracity  cannot 
be  questioned,  that  on  the  23d  instant,  near  Grooversville, 
Georgia^  a  phenomenon  of  remarkable  significance  Avas  wit- 
nessed in  the  heavens  about  4  o'clook  in  the  evening.  It  was 
a  perfect  representation  of  a  sword — handle,  blade,  and  point 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  17 

all  visible.  The  blade  was  red  and  the  handle  silver  color. 
The  blade  pointed  to  the  Northeast  and  the  handle  to  the 
Southwest.  It  was  high  up  in  the  heavens,  appearing  to  the 
eye  about  twenty  feet  long  and  about  two  teet  broad.  Soon 
after  it  was  witnessed,  a  wind  springing  up,  heavy  clouds 
appeared  and  screened  it  from  view. 

We  are  not  one  of  those  who  attach  a  peculiar  significance 
to  remarkable  dreams,  believe  in  witchcraft,  or  view  every 
celestial  phenomenon  as  an  omen  of  good  or  evil.  But  no 
similar  phenomenon  to  the  one  in  question  has  been  witness- 
ed for  many  gcnorati(jns,  and  we  are,  therefore,  owing  to  the 
peculiar  circumstances  surrounding  us,  inclined  to  regard  it 
as  significant. 

Flavins  Josephus,  in  his  history  of  the  Jews,  refers  to  a 
similar  appearance  in  the  heavens,  just  previous  to  the  des- 
truction of  Jerusalem.  He  says  that  a  star,  resemblinr/  a 
sword,  stood  over  the  city,  and  a  comet  that  continued  a  whole 
year.  Another  writer,  we  are  informed,  describes  the  sword 
as  hanging  over  the  city  with  the  point  down. 

After  the  destruction  of  Jerusalem  the  star  <lisappcared. — 
This  phenomenon  has  always,  by  learned  Divines,  been  des- 
cribed as  the  "  Sword  of  the  Lord^  From  the  destruction 
of  Jerusalem  to  the  present  period  no  such  representation  has 
been  beheld  in  the  heavens. 

The  mysterious  workings  of  the  "Godof  Hosts  and  of  Bat- 
tles" are  as  difficult  to  comprehend  in  our  day  and  generation 
as  they  were  in  the  day  when  Jerusalem  was  destroyed  by 
lire  and  sword.  And  it  may  be  possilile  that  this  second  ap- 
pearance of  the  "  Sword  of  the  Lord"  (as  the  reverend  gen- 
tleman who  had  the  pleasure  of  seeing  it  styled  it.)  was  an 
omen  to  the  people  of  the  South  that  they  should  speedily 
carry  the  s\vord  of  justice  aiid  of  liberty  beyond  the  bounds 
of  the  Confederacy,  and  die  its  blade  crimson  in  the  blood  of 
our  enemies,  who  have  not  only  disregarded  the  principles  of 
civil  and  religious  liberty,  but  have  mocked  Deity,  by  the 
practice  of  their  irreligious  and  degrading  isms.  The  handle 
of  this  swoi'd  being  in  the  South  and  the  blood  red  blade  in 
the  North,  may  be  a  token  to  our  hosts  to  commence  the 
journey  of  invasion,  and  this,  the  assurance  that  the  "  God  of 
Battles"  will  uphold  and  sustain  the  arms  of  the  Southrons. 

A** 


18  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

EUROPEAN  RECOGNITION. 

Among  the  various  reasons  assigned  for  the  failure  of 
France  and  England  to  intervene  in  some  mode  to  bring  to 
an  end  the  war  now  raging  between  the  North  and  the  South, 
there  is  one  view  which  we  do  not  remember  to  have  seen 
adverted  to  in  any  journal,  or  otherwise.     It  is  this: — 

It  is  apparent  that  in  the  matter  in  question,  France  is  in 
perfect  raioport  with  England,  and  is  indeed  but  following 
her  lead.  What  England  does  France  will  do,  and  no  oth- 
erwise. A  solution  of  the  English  "situation"  therefore  solves 
the  French,  likewise. 

What  is  the  real  (not  the  ostensible)  cause  of  the  hesitancy 
and  delay  which  mark  more  peculiarly  the  action  of  British 
counsels?  With  every  commercial  and  humanitarian  mo- 
tive to  spur  her  on  to  immediate,  decisive  and  self  pre- 
servative action  to  arrest  this  war,  and  secure  peace  and  a 
supply  of  cotton  and  a  return  of  commercial  reciprocities, 
she  still  lingers,  as  if  paralyzed  by  some  unseen  influence. 
What  is  it/? 

It  is  the  fear  of  Russia  and  a  general  wot  in  Europe. 
The  famous  letter  of  Prince  Gertschakoff,  written  early  after 
the  commencement  of  our  hostilities,  will  not  have  been  for- 
gotten by  our  attentive  readers.  In  it  expressions  most 
friendly  to  the  United  States  were  employed,  and  a  clear  in- 
timation given  of  the  earnest  desire  of  the  Czar  to  see  the 
United  States  preserved  integral  and  unbroken.  The  inti- 
mation went  further,  and  dimly  foreshadowed  aid,  if  neces- 
sary. The  object  of  Russia  and  her  whole  past  policy  to- 
wards the  United  States  is  plain.  She  has  always  looked  to 
the  giant  Western  Republic  as  a  counterpoise  to  be  used 
by  her  to  hold  in  check  the  dominant  powers  (marintine  and 
other)  of  France  and  England.  With  this  view  Russia  has 
always  professed  and  acted  upon  principles  importing  friend- 
ship to  the  United  States.  When  this  letter  w^as  published 
it  startled  the  reflecting  world,  but  it  soon  passed  into  com- 
parative oblivion. 

But  our  readers  will  also  remember  what  took  place  in  St. 
Petersburg  not  long  since,  when  Simon  Cameron,  United 
States  Minister,  made  his  respects  in  that  quality,  and  was 
presented  for  the  first  time  to  Alexander.  Has  it  been  for 
gotten  how  the  Emperor  of  Russia  went  out  of  his  way  and 
was  guilty  of  the  imperial  impertinance  of  expressing  his 
warmest  wishes  for  the  safety  and  integrity  of  the  Union — its 


AND  PATRIOT  8  FRIEND. 


19 


importance,  necessity  and  general  advantage,  coupled  with  fer- 
vent assurances  of  regard  and  the  like.  This  too  seems  to 
have  passed  out  of  the  popular  memory — though  occuring  at 
the  very  crisis  of  the  times,  when  all  Europe  (i.  e.  the  people) 
were  expecting  actual  and  prompt  recognition  on  the  part 
of  England  and  France. 

In  this  connection,  we  had  as  well  just  anticipate  a  part  of 
the  conclusion  to  which  this  article  tends,  by  saying,  that  in 
the  opinion  of  the  writer,  the  artful  and  unscrupulous  Simon 
Cameron  had  then  and  there  in  his  pocket,  to  be  used  when 
occasion  demanded,  plenipotentiary  authority — in  the  event 
of  England  and  France  intervening  to  aid  the  Confederate 
States — to  make  a  strong  and  firm  treaty  of  alliance,  offen- 
sive and  defensive,  on  the  part  of  the  United  States  with 
Russia. 

To  some,  we  are  apt  to  believe,  these  declarations  will  be 
novel,  perhaps  to  some  absurd.  N'^importe,  the  developments 
of  the  future  will  justify  the  hazard  we  incur  in  expressing 
these  opinions.  Of  the  powerful,  but  concealed  and  studiously 
polished  rivalry,  amounting  to  hate,  between  Russsia  and  the 
Sea  Powers  of  Europe,  existing  for  centuries  past,  and  di- 
minishing nothing  in  intensity  by  the  passage  of  time,  we 
presume  all  reading  men  are  informed.  On  the  contrary, 
this  feeling  has  been  tremendously  intensified  by  the  almost 
generally  unknown,  but  yet  none  the  less  real  and  stupen- 
dous and  audacious  growth  of  Russian  territory,  wealth  and 
power  in  the  last  twenty  years.  Even  since  the  Crimean 
war  (in  which  France  and  England  had  to  withdraw  from 
the  combat  with  the  soul  chafing  reflection  that  after  eighteen 
months  of  terrific  war,  and  the  expenditure  of  treasure  which 
strained  the  financial  strength  of  both  nations,  they  had  only 
taken  one  fortification  lying  on  the  ultimathnle  of  Russia's 
^Asiatic  territory)  that  powerful  and  aggressive  people,  the 
Russian,  has  added  enormous  tracts  of  territory  in  Northern 
Tartary,  Northern  Mongolia  and  Northern  China,  until  their 
limits  stretch  from  the  Caspian  Sea  on  the  East  to  the  Sea 
of  Japan  on  the  West,  to  the  mouth  of  the  Amoor  river — 
well  styled  by  travelers  the  Mississippi  of  Asia.  This  im- 
mense territory  is  covered,  not  thickly,  it  is  true,  by  a  hardy, 
daring,  fighting,  pastoral  population,  and  literally  swarming 
with  horses,  sheep  and  horned  cattle — most  of  it  is  fine  gra- 
zing land,  and  the  bowels  of  the  earth  are  full  of  gold,  silver, 
iron,  lead,  and  precious  stones.     Russian  forts  and  colonies 


20  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

have  been  dotted  all  over  it,  and  the  people  are  becoming 
rapidly  and  thoroughly  Russian .  The  sons  of  the  Scheiks  enter 
the  army  or  head  troops  of  native  cavalry,  ^^  en  cossocque.''^ 
Upon  the  Amoor  river,  which  embouchures  upon  Japan,  and 
opens  a  broad  sweep  upon  the  Pacific,  stations,  towns,  forts, 
and  iron  steamers  are  being  built.  Thus  Russia  to-day  is 
overwhelmingly  the  strongest  power  in  the  world — the  vast- 
est in  territory — replete  with  all  the  moral  and  material  ele- 
ments of  successful  war.  Indeed,  to  those  who  have  not 
studied  her  actual  position  at  present,  any  representation  of  it, 
however  truthful,  would  seem  to  be  fabulous.  But  it  is  real, 
substantial^ — a  fixed  fact — she  is  the  master  power  of  the  world, 
and  when  aided  by  her  political,  geographical  and  religious 
affinities,  such  as  Austria,  Greece,  and  the  Sclavonic  and 
Finnish  nations,  she  is  able  to  cope  with  the  combined  world. 
However,  all  this  may  be  unknown  to  the  unreading  and  un- 
thinking world,  it  is  painfully  known  to  the  able  heads  who 
rule  at  St.  James  and  the  Tuileries,  and  this  is  that  which 
gives  Fngland  pause,  and  therefore  France. 

But,  how  and  why  and  what  relation  has  all  this  to  Amer- 
ican and  especially  Confederate  affairs?  Plainly,  if  the  alli- 
ance heretofore  hinted  at  be  ngreed  upon  between  Russia  and 
the  United  States,  Russia,  without  sending  a  man,  or  a  gun, 
or  a  dollar  in  direct  aid  of  the  United  States,  as  against  us  or 
the  European  powers,  can  in  an  instant  deal  the  most  crush- 
ing blows  to  such  European  powers  as  may  venture  to  es- 
pouse our  cause. 

In  the  first  place,  in  pursuance  of  her  policy,  springing 
mainly  out  of  her  religion,  which  makes  and  has  made  her, 
for  centuries,  covet  Constantinople  as  the  seat  or  see  of  her  i-eli- 
gious  fi-iith,  (for  the  words  are  radically  the  same)  old  Bazenti- 
um,  older  than  Rome  as  an  ecclesiastical  power,  and  fi'om  which 
Roman  Catholicism  is  but  an  exfoliation — a  usur[)ation  to  the 
Russian  and  the  Greek — she  will  march  an  army  into  Tur- 
key and  Egypt,  fi-om  her  Asian  bounderies,  and  then,  first 
the  great  highway  of  England's  Indian  possession  is  cut,  and 
her  Indian  Territory  itself  threatened — and  second,  (having 
now  Odessa,  the  Baltic  region — the  threshing  floor  and  gar- 
ner house  of  Europe  chiefly)  she  will  have  the  Nile  region, 
the  other  great  wheat  region  of  Europe  and  Western  Asia 
besides,  and  Europe  starves.  Be  it  remembered  that  in  a 
religious  view — outside  of  any  political  aspiration  or  regal 
ambition — Constantinople  is  to  the  Czar  and  his  people  what 


AND  PATRIOT^S  FRIEND.  ^1 

Rome  is  to  the  Pope  and  his  people.  It  is  a  religious  con- 
viction, amounting  to  the  voice  of  God,  with  all  members  of 
the  Greek  Catholic  Church  that  tlinj,  the  ancient  faithful — 
the  elder  than  Roman,  should  possess  and  hold  the  city  where 
Constantine  first  beheld  the  cross  luminous  in  the  heavens, 
and  where  he  first  embraced  the  religion  of  Jesus  of  Naza- 
reth, and  where  the  first  Catholic  Patriarch  sat — before  the 
Pope  of  Rome  existed — and  this  explains  how  Russia  has 
been  straining  like  a  hound  in  the  leash  after  Turkey  for  years 
long  gone.  Superadd  this  to  all  the  political  and  other  caus- 
es which' urge  Russia  to  invade  Turkey,  and  we  shall  see  how 
strong  the  pressure  is  which  commands  the  Czar  to  seize  (in 
accordance  with  the  wishes  of  the  whole  Greek  Church),  to 
own  and  occupy  Constantinople;  and  we  shall  also  be  able 
to  guess  how  slight  a  cause  will  sufiice  to  make  him  grasp  it, 
cost  what  it  may  !  For  this  she  has  toiled  and  waited  with 
sleepless  vigilance,  and  enduring  patience  and  faith,  since  be- 
fore the  days  of  Peter  the  Great.  Englan<l,  with  her  well- 
informed  and  sagacious  statesmen,  knows  all  this,  and  here 
thus  hurriedly  glanced  at,  is  pause  for  England,  No.  1.  The 
seizure  of  Turkey  and  Egypt  by  Russia,  backed  ])y  the  whoh' 
Greek  Church,  and  all  her  Finnish  and  Sclavonic  affinities, 
and  the  threatening  of  her  Indian  possessions — her  chief  source 
of  trade  and.  wealth — has  glowered  before  the  eyes  of  Brit- 
ish statesmen  for  more  than  a  century;  and  still  tinges  with 
a  shadow  all  her  vista. 

But  what  else — arising  nut  of  considerations  of  later  ori- 
gin 1  Why,  in  the  event  of  another  rupture  between  Eng- 
land and  France  on  the  one  hand,  and  Russia  on  the  othoi-, 
down  the  Amoor  come  the  Russian  iron-clads  sweeping  Brit- 
ish and  French  commerce  from  the  Japan  and  Pacific  seas, 
befiu-e  succor  could  come  around  Cape  Horn.  Up  the  Pa- 
cific, British  Colundiiais  seized — down  the  Pacific,  Australia, 
the  young,  progressing,  wealthy,  Anglo-Saxon  Empire,  is 
gone  ;  and  what  becomes  of  the  Frencb  and  English  territo- 
rial possessions'? 

Here,  then,  France  and  England,  so  far  from  being  able 
to  aid  ns  efi^ectively,  would  have  their  hands  full  in  Turkey, 
in  the  Pacific,  and  elsewhere,  to  preserve  integral  their  own 
Empire.  This  is  what  gives  a  second  pause  to  England  ;  and 
virtually,  in  the  fiice  of  her  former  chivalrous  habitudes  to- 
wards new  governments,  and  in  spite  of  her  cruel  suflx^rings, 
— paralyzes  her  action. 


6^  CONFEDERATE   MONttOR 

We  throw  out  these  hints  as  facts  of  great  import  to  reflect- 
ing minds,  regretfully,  only  because  we  have  been  unable  to 
develope  more  fully  the  ideas  which  they  suggest,  We  shall 
have  no  help,  moral  or  material,  from  England  or  France, 
until  our  own  successes  have  placed  us  in  a  position,  so  clear- 
ly independent  and  strong,  as  to  incur  no  hazard  to  any  Eu- 
ropean Power  by  our  recognition.  It  is  for  this  that  Eng- 
land waits — while  she  pauses  between  domestic,  painful  needs 
on  the  one  hand,  and  the  sombre  shadow  of  Russian  Powers 
on  the  other. 

By  the  above  article,  we  have  a  complete  solution  of  the 
policy  of  England  and  France  with  regard  to  the  recognition 
of  the  Confederate  States,  which,  at  times,  appeared  to  me  as 
an  unpardonable  and  suicidal  policy  as  to  their  own  commer- 
cial interests,  which  they  were  sacrificing  by  permitting  our 
ports  to  be  blockaded.  It  did  not,  however,  occur  to  me 
that  their  actions  were  regarded  with  jealousy  and  vigilance 
by  the  strongest  and  most  unscrupulous  power  in  the  world 
with  regard  to  aggression  and  conquest.  At  the  time  of 
the  Crimean  war,  my  sympathies  were  enlisted  in  favor  of 
the  cause  of  Russia  and  condemned  the  alliance  of  France 
with  England,  having  always  regarded  her  as  a  crafty  and 
mercenary  power,  compelling  weaker  nations  to  pay  tribute 
to  her  commercially  and  otherwise. 

The  political  policy  of  nations  should  at  all  times  be  re- 
garded with  the  same  scrupulous  care  and  forethought  as 
with  reference  to  pecuniary  interests  of  individuals.  Hence 
we  need  look  for  nothing  in  the  shape  of  intervention,  but 
cast  our  every  effort,  our  means,  yea,  our  very  existence,  into 
the  balances  of  justice,  trusting  in  God  and  our  own  stout 
hearts  and  strong  arms  to  force  our  barbarian  foe  to  an  hon- 
orable peace.  Then  our  recognition  by  other  nations  will  be 
an  absolute  |necessity  and  of  natural  consequence,  without 
their  incurring  ealousy  of  political  rivalry,  and  the  wrathful 
displeasure  of  Russia,  the  most  powerful  of  all  nations. 

At  the  time  of  the  Crimean  war,  I  did  myself  entertain  the 
notion  of  a  nationally  political  alliance  of  the  United  States 


23 

I  with  Russia,  in  order  to  check  the  aggressive  tendency  of 
England  and  France.  Having  had  a  natural  fondness,  from 
my  youth  up,  to  examine  maps  and  contemplate  the  geo- 

t  graphical  importance  of  different  nations,  I  readily  conceived 
the  idea  some  years  since,  that  if  the  United  States,  toMch 
were  then  united,  should  form  an  alliance  with  Russia,  we 
could  readily  control  the  balance  of  the  world.  But  at  the 
commencement  of  the  present  Revolution,  my  mind's  eye 
was  turned  in  the  direction  of  Spain,  France  and  Brazil. — 
Let  us,  as  on  the  part  of  the  Southern  Confederacy,  guaran- 
tee to  Spain  the  perpetual  possession  of  Cuba,  Porto-Rico, 
and  San  Domingo.  This  she  would  hail  with  pride  and  sat- 
isfaction. Having  at  stake  the  same  interest  that  we  have, 
and  of  all  pecuniary  interests  the  most  tenaciously  cherished 
— the  perpetuation  of  the  institution  of  servitude  in  the  Af- 
rican race,  we  could  thus  readily  form  an  alliance  with  her 
which  would  meet  with  the  approval  of  Napoleon,  who  is 
now  endeavoring  to  get  possession  of  the  States  of  Mexico. 
Our  action  in  this  direction  would  not  only  open  to  us  the 

^  Spanish  and  West  India  ports  fur  our  privateers  and  men-of- 
war,  but  it  would  strike  a  blow  deep  into  the  heart  of  our 
Northern  enemy.  France  having  control  of  Mexico,  we 
could  enter  into  treaty  stipulations  for  another  slice  of  terri- 
tory, and  for  the  return  of  fugitives  from  service  and  from 
justice.  This  would  deprive  the  Puritan  and  Abolition  fac- 
tion of  their  main  stay  of  political  salvation,  with  reference 
to  their  delusive  notions  concerning  the  Monroe  doctrine. 

Thus  we  would  at  once  establish  a  safe-guard  to  the  expan- 
sion and  future  growth  of  the  Southern  Confederacy,  bp  pre- 
venting the  absorption  of  Mexico  by  an  enemy  whose  policy 
is  inimical  to  all  our  interests,  temporal  and  eternal.  It 
would  give  to  the  Confederacy,  to  Spain  and  France,  final 
control  oCthe  Atlantic,  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  and  the  Carrib- 
ean  Seas,  which  would  open  to  us  a  highway  of  commerce 
to  South  America,  connecting  us  with  the  growing  power  of 
the  Brazilian  Empire,  at  the  same  time  commanding  the 
highway  of  commerce  to  China.  With  an  alliance  thus 
formed,  we  would  hold  within  our  grasp  the  heart  of  the 
world.  H.  W.  R.  J. 


24  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR. 

A  RECENT  DREAM. 
Bat  recently,  on  my  way  home  from  Richmond,  after  hav- 
ing been  near  the  seat  of  war,  having  had  access  to  certain 
means  and  channels  of  information  by  which  I  was  enabled 
to  predict,  in  advance,  the  result  of  certain  important  engage- 
ments with  the  enemy,  of  which  I  wrote  my  friends,  and  in 
two  days  after,  upon  the  receipt  of  the  intelligence  of  our 
great  victories  on  the  plains  of  Manassas,  where  the  superior 
valor  and  daring  of  our  troops  nearly  annihilated  that  mur- 
derous band  of  the  out-law^  Pope,  I  felt  greatly  rejoiced  with 
the  prospect  of  forcing  the  enemy  to  entertain  terms  of  peace, 
and  devoled  the  greater  part  of  that  night  to  reading  the 
glorious  news  and  writing  to  my  friends  concerning  our  fu- 
ture prospects.  Upon  retiring  to  rest,  I  had  another  dream, 
which  I  regard  as  a  warning  applicable  to  the  domestic  affairs 
of  the  people  of  the  Confederacy,  and  which  you  will  find  re- 
lated and  interpreted  as  follows  : 

It  appeared  to  me  that  I  was  traveling  in  company  with 
several  other  parties,  each  having  a  yoke  of  oxen,  being  large 
and  well-proportioned  cattle,  yoked  together,  and  in  good 
working  condition, — I  being  in  the  rear  driving  my  cattle  be- 
fore me  witliout  any  trouble,  having  no  use  for  rein  nor  stick, 
they  being  completely  subject  and  obedient  to  my  will.  1 
traveled  along  with  an  air  of  satisfaction  and  a  certain  degree 
of  carelessness,  observing,  however,  the  beautiful  and  firmly- 
beaten  road  we  passed  over,  which  led  through  a  dense  and 
heavily  timbered  country.  The  timl^er  appeared  to  be  of 
the  most  luxurious  growth,  covered  with  thick  foliage,  being 
of  a  heavy  trunk  nearly  of  an  average  size,  of  immensely  tall 
and  towering  height,  and  having  no  undergrowth,  but  tho 
ground  was  covered  with  beautiful  grass  of  a  moderate  heigiii 
— thrifty  in  appearance,  and  affording  most  salubrious  pas- 
turage. 

As  we  advanced  along  the  route,  my  mind  was  mostly  oc- 
cupied with  the  beautiful  scenery  and  prospects  by  which  a\  *' 
were  surrounded.  My  cattle  having  carried  upon  their  bad: 
a  quantity  of  wood  which  had  been  neatly  prepared  as  fu^  1 
to  build  a  fire  in  Camp,  I  saw  the  wood  fall  upon  the  road, 
observing  to  myself  there  was  no  necessity  of  picking  it  up 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  25 

and  carrying  it  along  when  we  were  in  a  wooded  country,  I 
traveled  along  carelessly,  and  without  any  consideration  as 
to  providing  for  the  future.  In  course  of  time  we  came  to  a 
halt  for  the  purpose  of  camping,  and  to  my  surprise,  in  look- 
ing about  me  I  could  find  nothing  in  the  shape  of  fuel.  There 
was  no  dead  timber  of  any  description  to  be  seen,  nor  had 
we  an  axe  to  cut  any,  when,  with  regret  and  self-reproach,  I 
thought  of  the  wood  I  left  lying  upon  the  road,  which  but  for 
the  want  of  a  little  care  and  forethought,  would  have  then 
been  at  our  service.  Looking  all  around  and  about  me,  I 
could  see  nothing  but  green  grass  and  growing  timber — no 
fuel  was  any  where  visible.  Being  thus  perplexed,  I  was 
awakened  from  my  dream. 

Our  prospects  for  the  cause  of  the  Confederacy  look  bright 
and  encouraging — so,  also,  was  my  prospect  as  appeared  in 
said  dream,  until  I  became  harrassed  and  perplexed  for  the 
want  of  proper  attention  to  that  which  had  been  within  my 
reach.  Since  we  have  accomplished  so  many  brilliant  victo- 
ries, the  Vandals  having  been  driven  from  our  borders  teem- 
ing with  rich  supplies  for  the  maintenance  of  our  armies, 
every  energy  should  be  directed  to  the  removal  of  such  sup- 
plies that  may  be  required  for  the  subsistence  of  the  people 
f)f  the  Confederacy.  There  is  an  abundance,  requiring  but  a 
little  care  and  attention  to  remove  them  out  of  the  reach  of 
the  enemy,  and  deposit  in  places  of  security. 

Vigilance  and  care  are,  however,  not  only  applicable  to 
the  saving  of  stores  and  provisions  in  the  border  States,  but 
to  every  family  in  the  Confederacy,  and  to  every  branch  of 
industry  connected  with  our  domestic  aflairs.  Nothing 
should  be  neglected,  being  in  the  reach  of  any  one,  that's 
worth  turning  a  hand  to,  nor  should  there  be  anything  wil- 
fully wasted,  however  trifling  it  may  appear  in  value.  The 
most  fostering  care  is  absolutely  requisite  for  the  collection 
of  supplies,  in  order  to  guard  against  their  loss  by  premedi- 
tated and  contemplated  raids  of  our  enemies.  There  need 
not  be  so  much  apprehension  of  a  scarcity  of  provisions  from 
a  short  crop  as  from  a  want  of  vigilance — permitting  that 
which  nifty  be  within  our  reach  to  fall  into  the  enemy's 
hands  to  be  destroyed.  It  becomes  us  to  be  doubly  vigilant 
since  the  avowed  object  of  our  more  than  barbarous  enemies 
to  conduct  the  war  upon  principles  of  incendiarism,  altempt- 
ting  to  incite  to  servile  revolt  and  insurrection  our  domestic 
institution.  H.  W.  K.  J. 

2 


26  CONFEDERATE   MONITOR 

GEN.  THOMAS  J.  JACKSON. 

Major-General  Thomas  Jonathan  Jackson,  or,  as  he  is 
familiarly  known,  ''Stone wall"  Jackson,  now  engrosses  as 
much  of  public  attention  as  any  other  man  engaged  in  the 
present  struggle  for  Southern  independence. 

Gen.  Jackson  was  born  in  the  town  of  Clarksburg,  Harrison 
county,  Virginia,  in  the  year  1825.  He  is  the  son  of  Jona- 
than Jackson,  who  was  born  in  what  is  now  known  as  Lewis 
county,  three  miles  North  of  Weston,  its  county  seat.  He 
was  christened  "Thomas,"  after  his  grandfather,  Thomas 
Neal,  and  Jonathan  after  his  own  father.  In  ea,rly  life,  the 
father  of  the  subject  of  this  notice  moved  to  Clarksburg  to 
study  and  practice  law  with  his  cousin,  judge  John  G.  Jack- 
son. Shortly  after  commencing  the  practice  of  law,  he  mar- 
ried the  daughter  of  Thomas  Neal,  of  Wood  county,  by  whom 
he  had  four  children,  two  daughters  and  two  sons,  of  whom 
Thomas  was  the  youngest. 

Ere  Thomas  had  entered  his  third  year,  the  father  and 
mother  of  these  children  died,  leaving  them  without  any  es- 
tate for  their  maintenance. 

Shortly  after  the  death  of  his  parents,  Thomas  was  taken 
to  Lewis  county,  and  he  remained  on  the  same  farm  with  his 
uncle  (where  his  father  was  born)  until  he  arrived  at  the  age 
of  seventeen,  at  which  period  he  was  appointed  a  cadet  in  the 
West  Point  Academy.  At  the  early  age  of  sixteen,  notwith- 
standing his  minority,  such  was  the  generous  sympathy  of  his 
neighbors  and  acquaintances  for  a  mere  boy,  manfully  strug- 
gling to  carve  out  a  name  and  reputation  for  himself,  he  was 
elected  to  the  post  of  constable  of  the  county  of  Lewis,  which 
office  he  resigned  to  accept  of  appointment  of  Cadet  to  West 
Point. 

In  184G,  he  graduated  at  West  Point  with  high  distinc- 
tion, and  was  immediately  ordered  to  report  for  duty  under 
the  command  of  Gen.  Taylor,  where  he  served  until  General 
Scott  commenced  his  campaign  in  Mexico,  when  young  Jack- 
son was  assigned  to  his  command. 

We  find  the  following  mention  of  our  herb  in  ^'Gardner's 
Dictionary  of  the  United  States,"  (2d  edition,  published 
1860  :) 

"Thomas  J.  Jackson,  (Virginia,)  cadet  1842 — brevet  sec- 
ond lieutenant  1st  artillery,  1  July,  1846;  with  Magruder's 
battery  in  Mexico,  first  lieutenant,  August,  1847;  brevet  cap- 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  27 

tain  ''for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  in  battles  of  Con- 
treras  and  Cburubusco,"  20  August,  1847,  (Aug.  1848)  ;  bre- 
vet major  ^'for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  in  battle  of 
Chapultepec,"  13  September,  1847  (March,  1849) ;  resigned 
29th  February,  1852." 

In  addition  to  the  permanent  promotion.s%  he  was  brevetted 
major  before  he  reached  the  City  of  Mexico.  All  of  his  pro- 
motions during  the  Mexican  campaign,  as  will  be  seen  by  re- 
ference to  the  above,  were  for  '^gallant  and  meritorious  con- 
duct." It  is  a  source  of  much  gratification  to  the  friends  of 
this  distinguished  soldier,  that  the  Army  Register,  and  the 
actual  history  and  facts  of  the  Mexican  war,  do  not  furnish 
the  name  of  another  person,  entering  the  war  without  position 
or  office,  who  attained  the  high  rank  of  major  in  the  brief 
campaign  and  series  of  battles  from  Vera  Cruz  to  the  City  of 
Mexico.     In  this  particular,  he  had  no  equal  in  that  war. 

The  severe  service  in  the  Mexican  war  and  the  climate  of 
that  country  so  impaired  his  health,  that,  shortly  after  the 
conclusion  of  peace,  he  resigned  his  position  in  the  army,  and 
sought  and  obtained  a  professorship  in  the  Virginia  jMilitary 
Institute.  Shortly  after  entering  upon  his  duties  as  a  pro- 
fessor, he  married  the  daughter  of  Mr.  Jiinkin,  the  Principal 
of  the  Washington  College.  She  died,  and  he  has  since  mar- 
ried Miss  Morrison,  of  North  Carolina.  Like  his  distant  and 
illustrious  kinsman,  Andrew  Jackson,  he  has  no  children  by 
either  marriage. 

He  continued  to  teach  the  arts  of  war  at  the  Institute  un- 
til the  commencement  of  the  present  struggle.  No  sooner 
had  the  tocsin  of  war  sounded,  than  he  flew  to  the  standard  of 
his  native  State,  with  the  same  alacrity  and  zeal  which  have 
since  that  period  characterized  his  whole  career.  He  was 
commissioned  colonel  by  Governor  Letcher,  and  was  unani- 
moiisJy  confirmed  by  the  Convention  of  Virginia,  then  in  ses- 
sion. He  was  the  first  colonel,  and  the  first  man,  in  the  Vvo- 
visional  Army  of  Virginia,  to  take  command  of  his  troops. 

A  revolution,  by  its  upturnings,  brings  to  the  surface  ma- 
terials, the  existence  of  which  was  before  obscured  in  humility 
and  by  the  veil  of  native  modesty.  Circumstances  make  men, 
who,  in  turn,  make  circumstances.  In  ordinary  times  as  a 
general  rule,  the  souls  of  men  exhibit  what  force  and  fire 
they  may  contain,  in  those  places  where  birth  has  placed 
them.  Revolution  rends  this  frame-work  as  if  it  were  a  cob- 
web, and  exhibits  to  the  world  the  man  of  merit,  and  allows 


28  CONFEDERATE   MONITOR 

him  to  appear  in  all  his  grandeur.  The  prejudice  and  bigot- 
ry of  rank,  fearing  a  depreciation  of  its  own  excellencies,  will 
rarely  call  into  requisition  or  associate  with  worth  below  it ; 
but  those  who  obtain  influence  through  the  soul  and  force 
they  carry  with  them,  appreciate  worth  in  others,  and  judge 
men  by  the  true  criterion.  Hence,  Jackson,  as  is  shown, 
having  sprung  from  the  same  class  of  society  with  the  soldiers 
who  compose  his  army,  appreciates  them  as  equals,  loves  them, 
and  associates  with  them.  Daunted  by  no  danger,  exhausted 
by  no  toil,  caught  by  no  stratagem,  it  is  not  to  be  wondered 
that  he  acquired  the  title  of  "Stonewall." 

THE    BATTLE  OP  FALLING  WATERS. 

Col.  Jackson  commanded  the  forces  of  Harper's  Ferry  till 
the  arrival  of  Gen.  Joseph  E.  Johnston — a  period  of  about  a 
month.  Gen.  Johnston,  after  taking  command,  assigned  to 
Col.  Jackson  the  important  duty  of  checking  the  Yankee 
General  Patterson  in  his  advance.  That  duty  was  performed 
to  the  entire  satisfaction  of  Gen.  Johnston  and  the  country. 
In  his  official  reportof  the  battle  of  Manassas,  Gen.  Johnston 
said  : 

^^On  the  2d  of  July,  Gen.  Patterson  again  crossed  the  Po- 
tomac. Col.  Jackson,  pursuant  to  instructions,  fell  back  be- 
fore him.  In  retiring,  he  gave  him  a  severe  lesson  in  the  af- 
fair at  falling  waters.  With  a  battaliion  of  the  5tll  Virginia 
regiment,  (Harper's)  and  Pendleten's  battery  of  field  artil- 
lery, he  engaged  the  enemy's  advance.  Skillfully  taking  a 
position  where  the  smallness  of  his  force  was  concealed,  he 
engaged  them  for  a  considerable  time,  inflicted  a  heavy  loss, 
and  retired  when  about  to  be  outflanked,  scarcely  losing  a 
man,  but  bringing  o^  forti/-fioe  prisoners.'^ 

Shortly  after  this  affair,  Col.  Jackson  was  made  a  Brigadier- 
General,  and  it  was  understood  that  the  promotion  was  in 
consequence  of  his  conduct  at  Falling  Waters. 

A  few  days  afterwards,  he  stamped  his  name  indelibly 
upon  the  pillar  of  his  country's  history  by  his  participation  in 
the  battle  of  Manassas.  The  timely  arrival  of  his  brigade, 
it  is  believed,  changed  the  fortunes  of  the  day.  It  was  at 
the  battle  of  Manassas  he  gained  the  soubriquet  of  "Stone- 
WALL,''  under  the  following  circumstances: 

At  the  battle  of  Manassas,  overwhelmed  by  superior  num- 
bers and  compelled  to  yield  before  a  fire  that  swept  every  thing 
before  it,  Gen.  Bee  rode  up  and  down  his  line,  encouraging 


29 

his  troops,  by  every  thing  that  was  dear  to  them,  to  stand  up 
and  repel  the  tide  which  threatened  them  with  destruction. 
At  last,  his  own  brigade  dwindled  to  a  mere  handful,  with 
every  field  officer  killed  or  disabled.  He  rode  up  to  General 
Jackson  and  said,  ''General  they  arc  beating  us  back."  The 
reply  was,  "Sir,  we  will  give  them  the  bayonet."  Gen.  Bee 
immediately  rallied  the  remnant  of  his  brigade,  and  his  last 
words  to  them  were  :  "There  is  Jackson  standing  like  a 
stone  wall.  Let  us  determine  to  die  here  and  we  will  con- 
quer. Follow  me."  His  men  obeyed  the  call,  and  at  the 
head  of  his  column,  the  very  moment  when  the  battle  was 
turning  in  our  favor,  he  fell  mortally  wounded. 

BATTLE  OF   KERNSTOWN. 

On  Saturday,  the  22nd  of  April,  Gen  Jackson  rapidly 
moved  his  little  army  from  camp  near  Mount  Jackson  back  to 
Cedar  Creek,  twenty  six  miles  in  one  day,  and  camped  there 
that  night,  making  his  headquarters  in  Strasburg,  which  was 
evacuated  by  the  enemy  the  day  before.  Early  the  next 
morning,  (Sunday),  he  again  moved  forward,  and  his 
artillery  opened  on  the  enemy,  near  Kercstown,  about  twelve 
o'clock.  An  artillery  duel  was  kept  up  until  about  four  o'clock 
in  the  afternoon,  when  the  enemy's  infantry  advanced  in  force, 
and  were  met  heroically  by  Jackson's  brave  little  band.  Three 
times  the  "stars  and  stripes"  fell,  and  three  times  did  our  gal- 
lant troops  drive  the  enemy  headlong  to  the  hill.  The  first 
brigade  (the  "Stonewall")  finally  came  up,  and  again  a  fresh 
column  of  the  enemy  was  driven  back,  leaving  the  side  of  the 
hill  black  with  their  dead. 

No  battle  has  been  fought  during  the  war  against  such  odds 
and  under  the  same  trying  circumstances.  With  a  force  not 
exceeding  three  thousand  five  hundred  men — men  who  had 
been  on  forced  marches  for  weeks — the  ranks  thinned  by  the 
process  of  re-organization  in  front  of  the  enemy — Jackson 
attacked  20,0U0  fresh  troops,  repulsed  them  again  and  again, 
and  so  crippled  the  dastardly  foe,  that  he  dared  not,  in  all 
his  numbers,  follow  him  in  his  retreat.  Notwithstanding  the 
great  disparity  in  their  forces,  the  enemy  themselves  could 
claim  nothing  more  than  a  "drawn  battle." 

We  next  hear  of  the  untiring  hero  at  Swift  Knn  Gap,  oc- 
cupying a  strong  position,  with  daily  skirmishes  with  the  ene- 
my. He  remained  in  this  position  a  short  time,  and  then  fell 
back  to  Staunton.     In  the  meantime  the  enemy  had  fallen 


30  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

back  down  the  valley  for  the  purpose  of  uniting  the  com- 
mands of  McDowell,  Banks,  and  Fremont.  Immediately  af- 
ter this  movement  on  the  part  of  the  enemy,  Jackson,  with 
his  forces,  on  the  7th  of  May,  1861,  left  Staunton,  and,  on 
the  evening  of  the  same  day,  the  rear-guard  of  his  army  en- 
camped four  miles  west  of  the  Buflalo  Gap,  fourteen  miles 
from  Staunton.  Gen.  Johnson's  forces  had  advanced  to  Shen- 
andoah Mountain,  in  pursuit  of  Millroy  who  was  falling  back 
before  the  united  forces  of  Jackson  and  Johnson.  Millroy 
is  said  to  have  had  about  8,000  effective  men. 

BATTLE  or  M'DOWELL. 

On  Thursday,  the  6th,  a  bloody  fight  took  place  between 
Jackson's  force  and  the  enemy  under  Millroy,  at  Sutlington 
Hill,  near  McDowell.  After  four  hours'  fighting,  the  enemy 
were  completely  routed  and  driven  from  all  points.  General 
Jackson  thus  briefly  and  gracefully  announced  his  victory  : 

"Valley  District,  May  9th,  '61.  ] 
Via  Staunton,  May  10.  j 

To  Gen.  S.  Cooper  : 

God  blessed  our  arms  with  victory  at  McDowell  yesterday. 
T.  J.  Jackson,  Major-General." 

Fremont  was  expected  to  reinforce  Millroy  the  day  the  fight 
took  place,  but  did  not  arrive  in  time.  Jackson  captured  in 
this  fight  100  boxes  ammunition,  500  Enfield  rifles  and  Minnie 
muskets,  60  to  75  cavalry  saddles,  and  nearly  200  head  of 
cattle,  which  had  been  stolen  from  the  citizens  living  in  the 
vicinity,  by  the  Yankees.  The  loss  of  the  enemy  was  suj)- 
posed  to  be  about  1,300. 

After  the  fight  the  remnant  of  Millroy's  army  was  reinforced 
by  Fremont,  and  we  hear  nothing  more  of  our  gallant  hero 
until 

THE  battle  of  WINCHESTER, 

which  was  thus  announced  in  an  ofiicial  despatch  from  Gen. 
Jackson  : 

"  Winchester,  May  26. — During  the  last  three  days  God 
has  blessed  our  arms  with  brilliant  success.  On  Fridcay,  the 
Federals  at  Front  iloyal  were  routed,  and  one  section  of  ar- 
tillery, in  addition  to  many  prisoners,  captured.  On  Satur- 
day Banks'  main  column,  whilst  retreating  from  Strasburg  to 
Winchester,  was  pierced ;  the  rear  part  retreating  towards 
Strasburg.     On  Sunday  the  other  part  was  routed  at  this 


31 

place.  At  last  accounts  Brig.  Gen.  Geo.  11.  Stuart  was  pur- 
suing them  with  cavalry  and  artillery,  and  capturing  many. 
A  large  amount  of  medical,  ordnance,  and  other  stores  have 
fallen  into  our  hands.  T.  J.  Jackson." 

After  his  defeat,  Banks,  with  the  remnant  of  his  army,  fled 
across  the  Potomac.  The  stores  captured  at  Martinsburg 
were  immense.  The  result  of  this  fight  was  the  annihilation 
of  an  army  of  12  to  15,000,  the  capture  of  an  amount  of 
provisions,  small  arms,  ordnance  stores,  horses,  wagons,  and 
camp  equipage  almost  incredible,  and  the -destruction  of  the 
Baltimore  and  Ohio  road,  the  main  artery  which  connects  the 
Yankee  capital  with  the  West !  Jackson  took  six  thousand 
fine  rifles,  two  thousand  muskets,  six  hundred  sacks  of  salt, 
four  hundred  wagons,  many  horses,  twelve  pieces  of  artillery, 
three  being  rifled  Parrott  guns,  8100,000  worth  of  medicines, 
hospital  stores  of  every  imaginable  kind — splints,  amputating 
instruments,  chloroform,  oranges,  lemons,  fresh  cheese,  dried 
fruit,  every  luxury  a  sick  man  could  desire,  and  clothes  without 
limit.  Col.  Ashby,  hearing  of  many  Yankee  sutlers  who  had 
recently  set  up  their  shops  in  the  country,  seized  them  and 
loaded  200  wagons  with  the  plunder.  A  portion  of  the  cap- 
tured stores  had  to  be  destroyed  in  our  retreat,  but  all  the 
guns  and  medicines  were  saved. 

Gen.  Jackson  followed  Banks  in  his  retreat,  striking  a  blow 
wherever  opportunity  oSbrcd,  until  he  reached  the  Potomac. 
lie  then  fell  back  to  meet  the  combined  forces  of  the  enemy 
under  Fremont,  Shields,  and  Dix,  who  were  endeavoring  to 
get  in  his  rear.  He  fell  back  this  side  of  Winchester,  ma- 
king a  stand  at  Port  Republic,  in  Rockingham  county,  a  short 
distance  this  side  of  South  River. 

BATTLE  OF  PORT  REPUBLIC. 

Sunday  morning,  the  8th  of  June,  1862,  the  enemy  crossed 
the  river  in  two  columns,  and  made  an  attack — Fremont  be- 
ing pitted  against  Ewell,  and  Shields  against  Jackson.  Af- 
ter a  short  conflict  Fremont  was  completely  routed  and  hotly 
pursued  by  Ewell,  while  Jackson  held  Shields  in  check,  and 
was  pressing  him  against  the  Shenandoah.  The  following 
characteristic  despatch  was  received  from  Jackson  announc- 
ing the  victory: 

Near  Port  Republic,  9th,  ] 
Via  Staunton,  June  10th,  1862.  [ 

To  S.  Cooper,  Adjutant-General : 


32  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

Through  God's  blessing  the  enemy  near  Port  Republic 
was  this  day  routed,  with  the  loss  of  six  pieces  of  his  artil- 
lery. 

(Signed,)  T.  J.  Jackson, 

Major-General  Commanding. 

It  was  in  this  fight  that  the  gallant  Turner  Ashby  poured 
out  his  life's  blood  on  the  altar  of  his  country.  The  result 
of  this  fight  created  a  perfect  panic  in  the  Yankee  capitol — 
the  guard  around  the  city  was  doubled — the  street  corners 
were  thronged  with  anxious  groups,  expecting  every  moment 
to  hear  of  the  advance  of  the  victorious  Jackson.  The  old 
hero  after  giving  the  astute  Yankee  generals  a  severe  lesson 
in  the  art  of  war,  left  them  fortifying  against  his  advance, 
and  proceeded  with  his  victorious  army  in  a  different  direc- 
tion. We  hear  no  more  of  him  until  the  ball  opens  in  front 
of  Richmond.  At  the  battle  of  Gaines'  Mill — in  the  darkest 
hour  and  moment — at  that  period  in  the  day's  fight  when  the 
enemy  had  almost  succeeded  in  flanking  us  on  the  left — great 
consternation  is  heard  in  the  woods  !  Volley  upon  volley  is 
heard  in  rapid  succession,  which  is  at  once  recognized  and 
cheered  by  our  men.  ^'It  is  Jackson,"  they  shout,  "on  our 
right  I'^  Yes,  two  or  three  brigades  of  Jackson's  army  had 
flanked  the  enemy,  and  were  getting  in  his  rear.  Jackson 
had  moved  fast,  and  was  now  endeavoring  to  head  the  retreat- 
ing foe.  Just  as  the  sun  was  about  to  sink  in  the  west — ^justas 
the  last  volleys  are  indistinctly  heard  in  the  enemies  rear — a 
courier  arrives,  announcing  that  "through  the  Providence  of 
God,"  Jackson  had  fallen  upon  the  retreating  column,  bro- 
ken it,  and  captured  three  hundred  prisoners.  The  battle 
was  won,  and  the  exhausted  heroes,  who  had  remained  to 
strike  the  finishing  blow,  wrap  their  martial  cloaks  around 
them,  and  quietly  sleep  upon  the  field  of  battle. 

The  history  of  Gen.  Jackson  since  the  battles  in  front  of 
Richmond  are  too  fresh  in  the  minds  of  every  man,  woman, 
and  child  in  the  Southern  Confederacy,  to  need  repitition 
here.  That  he  will  add  fresh  laurels  to  his  name,  which  has 
now  become  as  familiar  as  house-hold  words,  none  will  doubt. 

Gen.  Jackson,  it  is  said,  never  enters  a  fight  without  first 
invoking  God's  blessing  and  protection.  The  dependence  of 
this  victorious  soldier  upon  the  Deity  seems  never  absent 
from  his  mind,  and  whatever  he  says  or  does,  it  is  always 
prefaced  "by  God's  blessing !"  After  a  battle  has  been  fought, 
the  same  rigid  remembrance  of  Divine  power  is  observed. 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  33 

The  army  is  drawn  up  in  line,  the  General  dismounts  from 
his  horse,  and  there,  in  the  presence  of  rough,  bronzed-face 
men,  with  heads  uncovered  and  bent  awe-stricken  to  the 
ground,  the  voice  of  the  good  man,  which  but  a  few  minutes 
before,  was  ringing  out  in  fiery  intonations,  is  now  heard,  sub- 
dued and  calm,  in  holy  appeal  to  Him  who  "holdeth  the  wind 
in  his  hand  \"  When  this  fact  is  known,  who  wonders  at  his 
unprecedented  success  in  battle? — Southmi  lUustrnted Xcic^j 
Sept.,  1862. 


YANKEE  NOTIONS  ABOUT  THE  GENERALSHIP  OF 
STONEWALL  JACKSON. 

The  following  review  of  Confederate  strategy  in  general, 
and  of  that  of  Stonewall  Jackson  in  particular,  taken  from  the 
W.'ishington  correspondence  of  the  St.  Louis  Republican^ 
cannot  fail  to  interest  our  readers  : 

The  country  must  by  this  time  fully  realize  the  situation 
in  this  quarter,  and  the  knowledge  of  the  radical  changes 
^vhich  have  so  suddenly  taken  place  cannot  but  administer  a 
heavy  shock  to  the  public  pulse.  A  little  more  than  two 
short  months  ago,  M'e  were  besieging  the  Capital  of  the  reb- 
els with  our  best  army,  under  our  best  Generals ;  now  the 
enemy  have  again  invested  Washington. 

On  the  29th  of  June,  Jackson  turned  McClellan's  right, 
and  forced  him  back  from  the  suburbs  of  Richmond,  in  seven 
days  of  bloody  battles  ;  on  the  20th  of  August  he  turns 
Pope's  right,  and  in  five  days'  fighting  hurls  him  on  the  for- 
tifications of  Washington.  Thus,  in  two  short  months,  the 
tide  of  battle  has  rolled  backward  one  hundred  and  sixty 
miles,  and  the  position  of  the  combatants  completely  reversed. 

The  operations  of  "  Stonewall  Jackson" — for  he  does  the 
fighting — has  no  parallel  in  modern  hisrory.  It  will  be  re- 
membered that  he  occupied  the  position  of  "  Professor  "  in 
the  Virginia  Military  Institute  for  years  before  the  war  com- 
menced, where  he  taught  the  young  F.  F.  V.'s  the  science  of 
war,  and  fitted  them  for  the  command  of  their  legions  now 
in  the  field.  There  he  w^as  evidently  the  "  right  man  in  the 
right  place."  When  the  war  began,  he  was  commissioned  a 
Brigadier  General  of  Volunteers,  and  had  command  of  a 
brigade  in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  July  21st,  1861,  where  he" 


34  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

distinguished  himself  by  his  unflinching  valor  and  cool  con- 
trol of  his  forces.  In  this  engagement,  Gen.  Bee's  South 
Carolina  troops  wavered,  when  he  rallied  them  by  exclaim- 
ing— "  Look  at  Jackson's  men  ;  they  stand  like  a  stonewail !" 
And  Beauregard  afterwards  using  the  same  expression,  in 
describing  their  conduct  in  his  official  report,  Jackson  was 
dubbed  his  present  title  from  that  time.  During  the  fall  and 
Avinter  following,  he  v/as  placed  in  command  of  the  small 
"  army  of  observation  "  which  held  the  upper  valley  of  the 
Shenandoah,  and  the  country  around  about  Staunton.  It 
was  intended  that  he  should  remain  quasi  inactive,  to  watch 
the  enemy  and  to  wait  for  him ;  but  he  soon  commenced 
manceuvering  on  his  own  responsibility,  and  began  revealing 
■evidences  of  the  stuff  that  makes  good  Generals.  The  higher 
rtiilitary  authority  at  Richmond  discovered  early  in  the  spring 
that  he  was  disposed  towards  such  extensive  operations  with 
his  small  command,  that  he  might  get  himself  into  trouble — 
in  fjict,  astounded  at  the  boldness  he  displayed,  they  began 
to  draw  the  official  rein  on  him  ;  but  Jackson  crustily  re- 
plied— "  Send  me  more  men  an(}  less  orders,  or  more  orders 
and  less  men."  From  that  day  they  trusted  him.  He 
pitched  on  Shields  at  Winchester,  but  failed,  only  because. 
Banks's  corps  had  not  advanced  as  flir  South  at  the  time  as 
he  su}>posed,  and  returning,  reinforced  Shields  at  the  end  of 
the  first  day's  fight.  During  the  night  he  drew  off,  and  re- 
treated up  the  Valley. 

In  less  than  tliirty  days  he  dashed  at  Fremont'  advance, 
west  of  Staunton,  and  driving  it  back,  wheeled  his  army, 
swept  down  the  Valley,  and  drove  Banks  across  the  Potomac, 
licturniiig  to  the  upper  Valley,  he mano^uvercd  around  for 
three  weeks — in  the  meantime  dealing  Fremont  a  heavy 
blow  at  Cross  Keys,  and  thrashing  Shields  in  the  Luray  val- 
ley— and  then  suddenly  swept  down  the  Virginia  Central 
liailroad,  via  Gordonsville,  on  McClellan's  right,  before 
1  Richmond.  The  part  he  played  in  winding  up  our  campaign 
on  the  Peninsula  is  well  known.  Almost  before  the  smoke 
had  lifted  from  the  bloody  field  of  the  Chickahominy,  we 
hear  of  him  again  on  his  old  stamping  ground  above  Gor- 
donsville. Cedar  Mountain  was  fought  and  won  from  Pope 
before  he  knew  his  campaign  ivas  opened.  Jackson  fell  back, 
but  only  to  flank  him  on  the  right.  Pope  retired  from^the 
Papidan  to  the  Rappahannock,  but  Jackson  swung  stiU»fur- 
ther  around  to  the  North  and  outflanked  him  again.     Yet 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  35 

again  he  gave  up  the  Rappahannock,  and  fell  back  South  of 
VVarrenton,  and,  for  the  third  time,  Jackson  outflanked  him 
through  Thoroughfare  Gap,  and  at  last  got  in  his  rear.  Pope 
now  had  to  fight,  and  he  did  fight  well ;  but  victory  perched 
upon  Jackson's  banner,  and  our  armies  rest  on  the  Potomac. 
— Richmond  Bispatch. 


JACKSON'S  MARCHES. 

Bonaparte,  in  his  first  campaign  in  Italy,  wrote  to  the  Di- 
rectory that  his  troops  had  out-done  the  Roman  legions.  The 
latter,  he  said,  marched  eight  leagues  (twenty-four  miles)  a 
day,  whereas  the  French  marched  ten,  and  fought  a  battle 
every  day.  The  French  are  proverbially  rapid  marchers  ; 
but  the  great  exploits  alluded  to  by  Napoleon  in  this  letter 
extended  only  over  a  space  of  one  week,  during  the  time  of 
Wurmser's  first  invasion,  when  the  battle  of  Castiglione  was 
fought.  The  General-in-Chief  himself,  during  that  time, 
never  took  off  his  clothes,  or  slept  in  a  bed,  and  sometimes 
kept  on  horseback  for  twenty  four  hours,  changing  only  from 
one  horse  to  another.  At  other  periods  the  French  enjoyed 
comparative  repose,  while  engaged  in  blockading  Mantua. 

For  rapid  marching,  contiiuied  steadily  through  a  long  pe- 
riod of  time,  it  may  be  doubted  whether  any  troops — even 
those  of  Bonaparte  in  Italy — ever  surpassed  the  troops  of 
Jackson.  For  a  whole  month  they  are  said  to  have  made 
twenty-five  miles  a  day ;  and  when  we  look  at  the  ground 
they  passed  over,  we  are  induced  to  believe  the  distance  not 
overstated.  He  has  discarded  all  superfluous  baggage,  has 
few  wagons  and  no  tents,  and  makes  his  men  move  with  no 
knapsacks  on  their  backs.  They  carry  nothing  but  a  haver- 
sack, in  which  they  thrust  their  rations,  to  supercede  the  ne- 
cessity of  stopping  to  eat  when  it  is  not  convenient.  Only 
one  blanket  is  allowed,  and  this  the  men  tie  around  their 
s'loiilders.  Everything  is  brought  down  to  the  condition 
wiiich  allows  of  most  speed,  and  is  subject  to  least  stoppage. 
The  men  who  make  these  prodigious  marches  are  the  healthi- 
est in  the  whole  service.  They  complained  at  first,  and 
were  weary  and  foot-sore,  but  they  soon  got  over  it,  and 
grew  every  day  more  and  more  capable  of  enduring  fatigue, 
until  now  they  can  bear  as  much  as  the  deer  that  used  to  feed 
on  the  mountains  around  them.     Stonewall  has  moulded  them 


36  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

into  the  very  form  for  great  exploits,  and  great  exploits  we 
are  confident  they  will  perform.  Already  they  see  that  vic- 
tory seems  chained  to  his  standard.  Already  his  name  be- 
gins to  exercise  over  them  that  magical  influence  which  is 
the  best  omen  of  success.  They  think  him  invincible,  and 
they  will  do  their  best  to  make  him  so. — Richmond  Dispatch. 


GEN.  JOHN  H.  MORGAN 
Is  one  of  the  oldest  of  six  brothers,  all  of  whom,  save  one, 
have  been  active  and  useful  in  the  present  struggle  of  our 
young  Confederacy,  devoting  their  all  to  the  great  cause. 
Calvin  C.  Morgan  has  acted  as  an  agent  at  home  in  Ken- 
tucky for  the  command  of  his  brother,  and  has  undoubtedly 
done  as  much  good  in  that  capacity  as  he  would  have  done 
had  he  been  in  the  field.  His  third  b'^other,  Col.  Richard 
Morgan,  is  the  Adjutant-G-eneral  of  the  junior  Hill,  and  has 
been  with  that  gallant  officer  through  his  whole  campaign. 
The  fourth  brother,  Major  Charlton  H.  Morgan,  is  at  pres- 
ent in  his  brother's  command,  having  been  recently  trans- 
ferred from  the  army  of  the  Potomac.  When  the  present 
war  broke  out,  Charlton  Morgan  represented  the  United 
States  Government  abroad.  ^  He  immediately  resigned  his 
position  and  came  home  to  take  his  part  in  the  struggle,  and 
was  the  first  member  of  his  family  to  come  into  the  Confed- 
erate States.  The  fifth  brother,  Lieut.  Thomas  Morgan,  at 
present  a  prisoner  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  was  one  of  the  first 
youths  of  Lexington  to  shoulder  his  musket  and  march  to  the 
defence  of  Kentucky.  The  sixth  brother  is  yet  too  young  to 
bear  arms. 

Gen.  Morgan,  as  were  all  of  his  brothers,  was  born  and 
educated  near  the  city  of  Lexington,  in  Kentucky,  and  is  a 
lineal  descendant  of  Morgan  of  Revolutionary  fame. 

In  1846,  during  the  Mexican  war,  when  the  call  came  for 
^^more  volunteers,^''  John  H.  Morgan,  then  scarcely  of  age, 
raised  a  company,  and  was  just  upon  the  point  of  starting, 
when  the  news  reached  the  States  that  a  treaty  of  Peace  had 
been  concluded.  Well  do  the  survivors  of  that  company  re- 
member the  conduct  of  their  Captain  upon  the  disbanding  of 
his  company.  Every  man  of  the  company,  (which  was  prin- 
cipally composed  of  young  men  dependent  upon  their  labor 
for  support,)  was  indemnified  for  the  loss  of  his  time  during 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  37 

the  period  of  recruiting.  'Twas  at  this  time  that  Morgan 
gained  the  title  of  Captain.  The  Kentuckians  of  his  com- 
mand still  refuse  to  recognize  or  apply  any  other  title  to  him 
than  that  of  "The  Captain." 

Gen.  Morgan  is  not  a  "West  Pointer,"  but  one  of  the  few- 
men  who  was  born  to  command,  as  he  has  incontestibly 
proven.  He  believes  that  it  is  his  destiny  to  fight  against  a 
race  of  men  whose  every  principle  is  so  utterly  repulsive  to 
his  own  noble  nature.  His  contempt  for  the  Yankee  char- 
acter is  great  and  natural,  and  his  daring  deeds  in  this  war 
show  how  thoroughly  he  understands  it. 

Sometime  after  the  Mexican  war,  he  purchased  an  estab- 
lishment and  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  jeans,  linseys  and 
bagging  for  the  Southern  market.  About  the  same  time,  he 
married  the  accomplished  Miss  Rebecca  Bruce,  (whose  traitor 
brothers  are  all  against  us  in  this  war).  After  years  of  suf- 
fering from  sickness,  she  died  about  the  commencement  of 
the  present  troubles.  After  performing  the  last  sad  rites  to 
his  departed  wife,  he  immediately  and  secretly  collected  a 
little  band  of  followers,  and  left  the  country,  making  his  way 
to  Green  river,  where  he  reported  himselfto  the  Confederat,e 
officer  in  command  "  ready  for  duty. '  His  band  was  rap- 
idly increased  by  the  arrival  of  exiles  from  Kentucky,  who 
knew  well  the  worth  and  valor  of  the  man  as  a  leader. 

His  command,  upon  reporting,   were  placed,  with  some 
other  cavalry,  upon  picket  duty  on  the  Green  River,  where, 
he  began  a  series  of  bold  and  daring  exploits,  which  are  une- 
<|ualed  for  their  boldness  and  the  manner  of  their  execution. 

It  was  his  determination  when  he  left  his  home  in  Ken- 
tucky, should  his  command  ever  become  numerous  enough, 
to  return  and  drive  out  the  crojveared  Puritans,  who,  through 
Kentucky's  generosity,  had  quite  ruined  his  native  State,  by 
over-running  it  and  driving  her  sons  to  the  States  of  the 
Southwest. 

A  little  incident,  showing  the  strategic  powers  of  Morgan, 
is  here  worthy  of  mention  :  An  order  was  issued  by  the  au- 
thorities of  Kentucky,  from  head-quarters  at  Frankfort,  that 
all  the  arms  in  the  State  should  be  forthwith  forwarded 
to  the  State  armory,  there  to  be  inspected  and  repaired  for 
the  use  of  the  "  State  Guard,"  who  were  to  maintain  what 
the  Union  shriekers  termed  Kentucky's  "  Armed  Neutrality." 
Gen  Morgan,  then  Captain  of  the  "  Lexington  Bifes"  was 
suspected  of  having  evil  intentions  against  the  peace  and 


3S  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

quiet  of  Uncle  Sam,  or  rather  that  '^  Hoosier,"  King  Abra- 
ham.    It  was,  however,  known  to  all  loyal  Kentuckians  that 
he  was  "  a  good  man  and  true ;  "  in  other  words,  that  he  was 
for  his  State  first,  last,  and  all  the  time.     Hence,  the   Lin- 
colnites  kept  a  sharp   eye  on  the  guns  held  by  Morgan's 
Company.     Morgan  knew  that  they  had  determined  to  get 
the  arms  out  of  his  hands,  and  issued  the  order  mainly  tor 
that  purpose.     And  he,  in  turn,  had  determined  that  they 
should  not  have  them ;  so,  in  the  dead  of  night,  they  were 
removed  some  distance  from  the  city,  and  the  boxes  in  which 
they  were  to  have  been  placed,  neatly  filled  with  bricks  in- 
stead, and  marked,  "  Guns  from  Caj^t.  Morgan,  State  Armo- 
ry, Frankforty     Good  care  was  taken  that  the  boxes  should 
reach  the  depot  at  Lexington  just  too  late,  and  there  they  lay 
exposed  to  public  view.     The  Lincolnites  received  the  boxes 
with  unspeakable  delight,  winking  and  blinking  at  one  ano- 
ther, supposing  that  they  had  fixed  Morgan  and  his  Secesh 
Company,"  and  flattering  themselves  that  they  had  for  once 
in  their  lives  defeated  a  man  who  had  always  been  as  a  thorn 
in  their  sides.     That  night  Captain  Morgan,  in  command  of 
his  brave  band,  passed  througli  Lawrenceburg,   Ky.,  a  dis- 
tance of  twenty -five  miles  from  Lexington,  having  in  their 
possession  eighty  fine  r2*/?<?s  belonging  to  the  Yankee  Govern- 
ment. 

At  the  commencement  of  the  present  struggle,  Gen.  Mor- 
gan was  possessed  of  great  wealth,  all  of  which  he  left  in  the 
hands  of  the  enemy  when  he  came  South.  He  has  ever  been 
a  public  spirited  gentleman,  and  dispensed  his  means  with  a 
liberal  hand  for  the  public  good.  There  are  many  who  can 
testify  to  his  quiet  manner  of  doing  good.  There  is  no  man 
living  who  can  say  of  John  H.  Morgan,  that  he  went  to  him 
tired  and  hungry,  and  he  fed  him  not;  became  cold  and 
naked,  and  he  clothed  him  not." 

Gen.  Morgan  is  now  about  thirty-six  years  of  age,  and  in 
the  full  vigor  of  manhood.  He  is  about  six  feet  in  his  stock- 
ings, as  straight  as  an  Indian,  magnificently  proportioned  ; 
light  curly  hair,  small  grey  eyes,  and  fair  complexion.  His 
general  appearance  is  that  of  a  gentleman  of  leisure — his  car- 
riage exceedingly  graceful  and  manly,  with  an  inclination  to 
be  fastidious  in  his  dress.  His  modest,  miassuming;  style  of 
speech,  when  addressed,  at  once  assures  you  that  you  are  in 
the  presence  of  an  unpretending,  thorough-bred  Kentucky 
gentleman.     Unlike  many  other  of  the  great  men  of  the  war. 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  39 

though  a  man  who  entertains  great  respect  for  religion,  he  is 
not  a  member  of  the  Church.  His  deeds  have  been  heralded 
throughout  the  broad  limits  of  the  universe,  and  his  name 
will  be  cherished  wherever  the  "Stars  and  Bars"  of  his  be- 
loved Confederacy  wave. — Southern  Illustrated  Ncics. 


GENERAL  MORGAN'S  CAPTURE  OF  SEVENTEEN  CITIES-- 
THE  MOST  EXTRAORDINARY  CHAPTER  IN  THE  HISTORY  OF 
THE  WAR. 

Knoxville,  July  30,  1862. 
Capt.  P.  A.  Alston,  A.  A  G.: 

On  the  lOth  July,  Gen.  Morgan,  with  myself  and  a  body 
guard  of  fifteen  men,  arrived  at  a  point  one  half  mile  below 
Morse  Cave,  on  the  Louisville  and  Nashville  Railroad,  where 
I  took  down  the  telegraph  wire  and  connected  my  pocket  in- 
strument for  the  purpose  of  taking  off  all  the  despatches  as 
they  passed  through.  Owing  to  a  heavy  storm  prevailing 
South  the  atmospheric  electricity  prevented  me  from  com- 
municating with  Bowling  Green  or  Nashville.  The  first  I 
heard  was  Louisville  calling  Bowling  Green.  I  immediately 
put  on  my  ground  wire  southward,  noticing  particularly  at 
the  same  time  what  changes  it  would  make  in  the  circuit. 
It  did  make  it  stronger ;  but  the  storm  mentioned  afTecting 
telegraphs  more  or  less,  Louisville  did  n(>t  suspicion  any- 
thing wrong,  and  I  answered  for  Bowling  Green,  when  1  re- 
ceived the  followinf]^  messanre : 

Louisville,  July  10, 
To  S.  D.  Brown,  Bowling  Green  : 

You  and  Col.  Houghton  move  together.  I  fear  the  force 
of  Col.  H.  is  too  small  to  venture  to  Glasgow.  The  whole 
force  should  move  together,  as  the  enemy  is  mounted.  We 
cannot  venture  to  lea^e  the  Road  too  far,  as  they  may  pass 
round  and  ruin  it.  T.  J.  Boyle, 

Briii^adicr  General  Commandins:. 

I  returned  the  usual  signal,  ^'  O.   K."  afber  receiving  the 


message. 

Louisville  immediately  called  Nashville ;  and  I  answered 
for  Nashville,  receiving  business  for  two  hours.  This  busi- 
ness was  mostly  of  a  private  nature,  and  I  took  no  copies. 
It  could  be  plainly  seen  from  the  tenor  of  the  messages,  that 


40  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

Morgan  was  in  the  country,  and  all  orders  to  send  money 
and  valuables  by  railroad,  were  countermanded— as  they 
supposed.  Little  did  the  operator  at  Louisville  think  all  this 
work  would  have  to  be  repeated  the  next  day.  Louisville 
also  sent  the  news  of  the  day,  and  thus  we  were  furnished 
with  New  York  and  Washington  dates  of  that  day.  During 
the  whole  of  this  time  it  was  raining  heavily,  and  my  situa- 
tion was  anything  but  an  agreeable  one — sitting  in  the  mud 
with  my  feet  in  the  water  up  to  my  knees.  At  1 1  o'clock 
P.  M.,  the  General,  being  satisfied  that  we  had  drained  Lou- 
isville of  news,  concluded  to  close  for  the  night,  and  gave  me 
the  following  message  to  send,  dating  and  signing  as  below : 

Nashville,  July  10. 
To  Henry  Dent,  Provost  Marshal,  Louisville: 

General  Forrest  commanding  a  brigade,  attacked  Mur- 
freesboro,  routing  our  forces,  and  is  now  moving  on  Nash- 
ville. Morgan  reported  to  be  between  Scottsville  and  Gal- 
latin, and  will  act  in  concert  with  Forrest,  it  is  believed. 
Inform  the  General  commanding. 

Stanley  Mathew^s,  Provost  Marshal. 
.  I  am  not  aware  that  General  Morgan  claims  to  be  a  prophet, 
or  the  son  of  a  prophet;  but  Forrest  did  attack  Murfrees- 
ooro',  and  rout  the  enemy.* 

On  arriving  at  Lebanon,  July  12th,  I  accompanied  the  ad- 
vance guard  into  town,  and  took  possession  of  the  telegraph 
office  immediately.  This,  as  you  know,  was  at  3.30  A.  M. 
1  adjusted  the  instrument  and  examined  the  circuit.  No 
other  operator  on  the  line  appeared  to  be  on  hand  this  early. 
I  then  examined  all  the  dispatches  of  the  day  previous. 
Among  them  I  found  the  following : 

Lebanon,  July  11,  1862. 
Gen.  J.   T.  Boyle,  Louisville,  Ky  : 

I  have  positive  information  that  there  are  400  marauders 
in  20  miles  of  this  place,  on  the  old  Lexington  road,  ap- 
proaching Lebanon.     Send  reinforcements  immediately. 

A.  Y.  Johnson, 
Lieut.  Col.  Commanding. 
At  7.30  an  operator  signing  ''Z"  commenced  calling  *'B," 
which  I  had  ascertained  by  the  books  in  the  office,  was  the 
signal  for  the  Lebanon  office.     I  answered  the  call,  when  the 
following  conversation  between  "Z"  and  myself  ensued : 

*  The  taking  of  Murfreesboro'  by  Forrest  was  three  days  afterwards— 
on  the  13th,— Eds.  Confed, 


AND  Patriot's  friend.  41 

To  Lebanon.  What  news ;  any  more  skirmishing  after 
your  last  message  ?  Z. 

To  Z.  No.  We  drove  what  little  cavalry  there  was  a- 
way.  B. 

To  B.     Has  the  train  arrived  yet?  Z. 

To  Z.     No.     About  how  many  troops  on  train  ?        B. 

To  B.     500— 60th  Indiana,  Commanded  by  Col.  Owens. 

Z. 

My  curiosity  being  excited  as  to  what  station  Z  was,  and 
to  ascertain  without  creating  any  suspicion,  I  adopted  the  fol- 
lowing plan : 

To  Z.  A  gentleman  here  in  the  office,  bets  me  the  cigars 
you  cannot  spell  the  name  oi  your  Station  correctly.      B. 

To  B.  Take  the  bet.  L-e-b-a-u-o-n  J-u-n-c-t-i-o-n.  Is 
this  not  right  ?     How  did  he  think  I  would  spell  it  1      Z. 

To  Z.  He  gives  it  up.  He  thought  you  would  put  two 
B's  in  Lebanon.  B. 

To  B.     Ha !  Ha !     He  is  a  green  one.  Z. 

To  Z.     Yes,  that's  so.  B. 

To  Z.     What  time  did  the  train  with  soldiers  pass,  Z?  B. 

To  B.     8  30  last  night.  Z. 

To  Z.     Very  singular  where  the  train  is  !  B. 

To  B.     Yes,  it  is  ;  let  me  know  when  it  arrives.         Z. 

At  8  20  Lebanon  Junction  called  me  up  and  said : 

To  B.  The  ti-ain  has  returned.  They  had  a  fight  with 
the  rebels  at  New  Hope.  The  commanding  officer  awaits 
orders  here.  Z. 

To  Z.  Give  us  the  particulars  of  the  fight.  Col.  Johnson 
is  anxious  to  know  all  about  it.  B. 

To  B.     Here  is  Moore's  Message  to  Gen.  Boyle  : 

Lebanon  Junction,  July  12. 
To  GeneralJ.  T.  Boyle,  Louisville: 

At  11  o'clock  last  night  at  New  Hope  Station,  part  of  my 
command  encountered  a  force  of  rebel  cavalry  posted  on  the 
country  road,  one  half  mile  South  of  the  Railroad.  After  a 
brisk  fire  of  musketry  for  twenty  minutes  the  enemy  was  rout- 
ed and  fled.  Skirmishers  were  sent  out  in  diffi^rent  direc- 
tions, but  were  unable  to  find  the  enemy.  At  three  this 
morning,  apprehending  that  an  effort  might  be  made  to  de- 
stroy the  bridges  in  our  rear,  we  moved  down  the  New  Ha- 
ven and  remained  until  after  daylight,  when  the  train  went 
back  to  the  scene  of  the  skirmish.  A  Mr.  Foreman,  of  Ow- 
en county,  was  found  mortally  wounded.     He  reported  the 


42  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

rebel  force  at  550  under  command  of  Capt.  Jack  Allen,  and 
that  they  had  fallen  back  towards  Greensburg.  One  horse 
was  killed  and  three  captured.  The  books  of  the  company 
were  found  on  the  field.  Blood  was  found  at  different  places, 
showing  that  the  enemy  was  severely  punished.  No  casual- 
ties on  our  side.     Here  with  train  awaiting  orders. 

O.  F.  MooRE,  Commanding." 

Lebanon  Junction  being  the  repeating  Station  for  Louis- 
ville business,  he  forwarded  the  following  telegrams  just  from 
Louisville — 9  o'clock,  A.  M. : 

Louisville,  July  12. 
To  Col.  Johnson,  Lebanon: 

Leave  good  guard  and  join  Col.  Owens.  Pursue  the  ene- 
my and  drive  him  out.  Be  cautious  and  vigorous.  Make 
no  delay.  J.  T.  Boyle, 

Brigadier-General  Commanding. 

By  the  following  it  will  appear  that  Col.  Owens  must  have 
been  en  route  for  Lebanon: 

Louisville,  July  12. 
Colonel  Owens,  Lehanon : 

You  will  move  after  the  enemy  and  pursue  him. 

J.  T.  Boyle, 
Brigadier-General  Commanding. 

Up  to  the  time  of  our  leaving  Lebanon,  which  was  about 
noon,  Col.  Owens  had  not  arrived.  Gen.  Morgan  told  me  1 
could  close  my  office ;  and  to  allay  for  that  evening  all  sus- 
picion at  Lebanon  Junction,  at  not  being  able  to  communi- 
cate with  Lebanon,  I  dispatched  the  operator  as  follows  : 

To  Z.  Have  been  up  all  night  and  am  very  sleepy.  If 
you  have  no  objections  I  will  take  a  nap  until  two  or  three 
o'clock.  B. 

To  B.     All  right — doii't  oversleep  yourself.  Z. 

Wonder  if  I  did! 

We  arrived  at  midway  between  Frankfort  and  Lexington, 
on  the  Louisville  &  Lexington  Railroad,  about  ten,  A.  M. 
next  day.  At  this  place  I  surprised  the  operator,  who  was 
quietly  sitting  on  the  platform  of  the  depot,  enjoying  himself 
hugely.  Little  did  he  suspicion  that  the  much  dreaded  Mor- 
gan was  in  his  vicinity.  1  demanded  of  him  to  call  Lexing- 
ton and  inquire  the  time  uf  day,  which  he  did.  This  I  did  for 
the  purpose  of  getting  his  style  of  handling  the  "Key  in  wri- 
ting dispatches.  My  first  impressions  of  his  style,  from  no- 
ticing the  paper  in  the  instrument,  were  confirmed.     lie  was, 


43 

to  use  a  telegraphic  term,  a  "Plug"  operator.  I  adopted  his 
style  of  writing,  and  commenced  operations.  In  this  office 
I  found  a  signal  book,  which  proved  to  be  very  useful.  It 
contained  the  calls  for  all  the  offices.  Dispatch  after  dis- 
patch was  going  to  and  from  Lexington,  Georgetown,  Paris, 
and  Frankfort,  all  containing  something  in  reference  to 
Morgan. 

On  commencing  operations  at  this  place  I  discovered  that 
there  were  two  -wires  on  the  line  along  this  railroad.  One 
was  what  we  term  a  "through  wire,"  running  direct  from 
Lexington  to  Frankfort,  and  not  entering  any  of  the  way 
offices.  I  found  that  all  military  business  was  sent  over  that 
wire.  As  it  did  not  enter  Midway  office,  I  ordered  it  cut, 
thus  forcing  Lexington  on  to  the  wire  that  did  run  thr(.)ugh 
the  office. 

I  tested  the  line  and  found  that  by  applying  my  ground 
wire,  it  made  no  difference  with  the  circuit;  and  as  Lexing- 
ton was  headquarters.  I  cut  Frankfort  off.  Midway  was  called. 
I  answered,  and  received  the  following  : 

Lexington,  July  15th. 
To  J.   W.   WoohwiSy  Ope?' a  tor  Midway  .^ 

Will  there  be  any  danger  in  coming  to  Midway  ?  Is  eve- 
rything right?  Taylor,  Conductor. 

I  inquired  of  my  prisoner  (the  operator)  if  he  knew  a  man 
by  the  name  of  Taylor.  He  said  Taylor  was  Conductor.  I 
immediately  gave  Taylor  the  following  reply  : 

Midway,  July  15. 
To   Taylor  Lexirujton: 
All  right — come  on — no  signs  of  any  rebels  here. 

WOOLUMS. 

The  operator  in  Cincinnati  then  called  Frankfort.  I  an- 
swered and  received  about  a  dozen  unimportant  dispatches. 
He  had  no  sooner  finished  than  Lexington  called  Frankfort. 
Again  I  answered  and  received  the   following  message  : 

Lexington,  July  15. 
To  General  Finnell,  Franl-forl : 

I  wish  you  to  move  the  forces  at  Frankfjrt  on  the  line  of 
the  Lexington  Railroad  immediately,  and  have  the  cars  fol- 
low and  take  them  up  as  soon  as  possible.  Further  orders 
will  await  them  at  Midway.  I  will,  in  three  or  four  hours, 
move  forward  on  the  Georgetown  Pike ;  will  have  most  of 
my  men  mounted.     Morgan  Left  Versailles  this  morning  at 


44  CONFEDERATE   MONITOR 

7  o'clock  with  850  men,  on  the  Midway  road  moving  in  the 
direction  of  Georgetown. 

Brigadier-GenerF.l  Ward. 

This  being  our  position  and  intention  exactly,  it  w^as  thought 
proper  to  throw  Gen.  Ward  on  some  other  track.  So  in  the 
course  of  half  an  hour  I  manufactured  and  sent  the  following 
dispatch,  which  was  approved  by  Gen.  Morgan  : 

Midway,  July  16,  '62. 
To  Brigadier- General  Ward,  Lexington  : 

Morgan,  with  upwards  of  one  thousand  men  came  within 
a  mile  of  here,  and  took  the  old  Frankfort  road,  bound,  as 
we  suppose,  for  Frankfort.     This  is  reliable. 

"WooLUMS,  Operator." 

In  about  ten  minutes  Lexington  again  called  Frankfort, 
when  I  received  the  following  : 

Lexington,  July  15. 
To  General  Flnnell,  Frankfort : 

"  Morgan,  w-ith  one  thousand  men  came  within  a  mile  of 
here  and  took  the  old  Frankfort  road. '  This  dispatch  re- 
ceived from  Midway,  and  is  reliable.  The  regiment  from 
Frankfort  had  better  be  re-called.  General  Ward. 

I  receipted  for  this  message  and  again  manufactured  a  mes- 
sage to  confirm  the  information  General  Ward  had  received 
from  Midway,  and  not  knowing  the  tariff  from  Frankfort  to 
Lexington,  I  could  not  send  a  formal  message  ;  so  appearing 
greatly  agitated,  I  waited  until  the  circuit  was  occupied,  and 
broke  in,  telling  them  to  wait  a  minute,  and  commenced 
calling  Lexington.  He  answered  with  as  much  gusto  as  I 
called  him.     I  telegraphed  as  follows  : 

Frankfort  to  Lexington :  Tell  General  Ward  our  pickets 
are  just  driven  in — great  excitement — Pickets  say  the  force 
of  the  enemy  must  be  two  thousand.  Operator. 

It  was  now  two  o'clock,  P.  M.,  and  General  Morgan  wish- 
ed to  be  off  to  Georgetown.  I  run  a  secret  ground  connec- 
tion and  opened  the  circuit  on  the  Lexington  end.  This  was 
to  leave  the  impression  that  the  Frankfort  operator  was  ske- 
daddling, or  that  Morgan's  men  had  destroyed  the  telegraph. 

We  arrived  at  Georgetown  about  the  setting  of  the  sun. 
I  went  to  the  telegraph  oflicc  found  it  locked,  enquired  for 
the  operator,  who  was  pointed  out  to  me  on  the  street.  I 
bailed  him,  and  demanded  admission  into  his  office.  lie  ve- 
ry courteously  showed  me  in.     Discovering  that  his  instru- 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  45 

ments  had  been  removed,  I  asked  where  they  were.  He 
said  he  had  sent  them  to  Lexington.  I  asked  him  what  time 
he  had  Lexington  last.  He  said  nine  o'clock,  and  since  that 
time  the  line  had  been  down.  I  remarked  that  it  must  be 
an  extraordinary  line  to  be  in  working  condition  when  it  is 
down,  as  I  heard  him  sendi.:g  messages  to  Lexington  when 
I  was  at  Midway  at  one  o'clock.  This  was  a  stunner ;  he  had 
nothing  to  say.  I  immediately  tested  the  wires  by  applying 
the  end  of  the  wires  to  my  tongue,  and  found  the  line  "OK." 
I  said  nothing  to  him,  but  called  for  a  guard  of  two  men  to 
take  care  of  Mr.  Smith  until  I  got  ready  to  leave  town.  1 
did  not  interrupt  the  lines  till  after  tea,  when  I  put  in  my 
own  instrument  and  after  listening  an  hour  or  two  at  the  Yan- 
kees talking,  I  opened  the  conversation  as  follows,  signing 
myself  "Federal  Operator  :" 

To  Lexington  :  Keep  mum  ;  I  am  in  the  office  reading  by 
the  sound  of  my  magnet  in  the  dark.  I  crawled  in  when  no 
one  saw  me.  Morgan's  men  are  here,  camped  on  Dr.  Ga- 
no's  place.  Georgetown. 

To  Georgetown  :  Keep  cool ;  don't  be  discovered.  About 
how  many  rebels  are  there  ?  Lexington. 

To  Lexington  :  I  don't  know  ;  I  did  not  notice,  as  Morgan's 
operator  was  asking  me  about  my  instruments,  I  told  him  I 
sent  them  to  Lexington.  He  said  d — n  the  luck,  and  went 
out.  Georgetown. 

To  Georgetown  :  Be  on  hand  and  keep  us  posted. 

Lexington. 

To  Lexington:  I  will  do  so.  Tell  General  Ward  I  will 
stay  up  all  night  if  he  wishes.  Georgetown. 

To  Georgetown :  Mr.  Fulton  wishes  to  know  if  the  rebels 
are  there  1  Cincinnati. 

To  Cincinnati :  Yes ;  Morgan's  men  are  here. 

Georgetown. 

To  Georgetown :  How  can  you  be  in  the  office  and  not 
be  arrested  1  Cincinnati. 

To  Cincinnati :  Oh,  I  am  in  the  dark,  and  am  reading  by 
^<  )und  of  the  magnet.  Georgetown. 

This  settled  Cincinnati.  Question  after  question  was  ask- 
<  J  me  about  the  rebels,  and  I  answered  to  suit  myself. 

Things  had  been  going  on  this  way  for  about  two  hours, 
when  Lexington  asked  me  where  my  assistant  was.  I  re- 
plied, Don't  know.  He  then  asked  me,  Have  you  seen  him 
to-day  1  I  replied,  No.  This  was  the  last  telegraphing  I 
could  do  in  Georgetown. 


46  CONFEDERATE   MONITOR 

I  called  on  Mr.  Smith,  the  operator,  who  was  under  guard 
in  my  room,  and  informed  him  that  I  would  furnish  him  with 
a  mule  in  the  morning,  and  should  be  pleased  to  have  him 
accompany  me  to  Dixie,  as  I  understood  he  was  under  the 
employ  of  the  U.  S.  Government.  This  was  anything  but 
agreeable  to  him.  I  thought  I  had  struck  the  young  man  in 
the  right  place,  and  remarked  that  had  he  not  sent  his  instru- 
ments to  Lexington,  I  would  have  taken  them  in  preference 
to  his  person.  His  face  brightened  and  an  idea  struck  him 
very  forcibly,  from  which  he  made  a  proposition — it  was  to 
furnish  me  the  instruments  if  I  would  release  him. 

This  I  agreed  to,  as  such  instruments  are  of  much  more 
value  to  the  Confederacy  than  Yankee  telegraphers.  I  ac- 
companied him  to  the  servants  room,  and  there,  under  the 
bed,  in  a  chest,  we  found  the  instruments.  Mr.  S.  having 
given  me  his  word  on  honor,  that  he  would  not  leave  town 
for  the  next  twenty-four  hours,  he  was  set  at  liberty  to  visit 
his  wife,  and  the  young  Smiths. 

On  arriving  at  Cynthiana,  1  found  that  the  operator  had 
skedaddled.  I  tested  the  wires,  and  found  no  fluid  from  ei- 
ther  Covington  or  Lexington,  nor  were  the  wires  in  working 
order  when  I  left  the  office  next  day. 

At  Paris  the  operator  had  made  a  clean  sweep.  He  left 
the  night  before,  taking  all  his  instruments. 

At  Crab  Orchard  there  was  no  office,  and  I  had  to  put  in 
my  pocket  magnet  which  I  did  at  11  A.  M.  The  first  mes- 
sage [  received  was  the  following : 

Louisville,  July  21. 
To  Col.  Woolford^  Danville  : 

Pursue  Morgan.  He  is  at  Crab  Orchard,  going  to  Som- 
erset. Boyle. 

No  sooner  had  the  Danville  Operator  receipted  for  this 
than  the  Operator  at  Lebanon  suggested  the  following : 

To  Lebanon  Junction :  Would  it  not  be  well  for  Danville 
and  offices  below  here  to  put  on  their  ground  wires  when 
they  send  or  receive  important  messages,  as  Geo.  Elsworth, 
the  rebel  Operator,  may  be  on  the  line  between  here  and 
Cumberland  Gap  ?  Lebanon." 

The  Operator  at  the  Junction  agreed  with  him,  and  said 
it  would  be  a  good  idea,  but  it  was  not  carried  into  effect. 

We  arrived  at  Somerset  that  evening.  I  took  charge  of 
the  office.  I  ascertained  from  citizens  that  it  had  been  clos- 
ed for  three  weeks,  up  to  the  very  hour  that  our  advance 


AND  PATRIOrS  FRIEND.  47 

guard  arrived  in  town.  It  was  just  opened  by  the  operator 
from  Loudon,  who  came  to  work  the  instruments  for  the 
purpose  of  assisting  to  catch  Morgan  ;  but  unfortunately  for 
Uncle  Sam,  the  Operator,  and  all  concerned,  he  had  no  time 
to  either  send  or  receive  a  message ;  but  he  had  it  in  fine 
working  condition  for  me.  I  had  been  in  the  office  for  some 
time,  when  Stanford  called  Somerset  and  said  :  "I  have  just 
returned  from  Crab  Orchard,  where  I  have  been  to  fix  the 
line.  The  rebels  tore  it  down.  J  left  there  at  8  o'clock. 
The  9th  Pennsylvania  cavalry  had  not  then  arrived.  What 
time  did  you  get  in  from  Loudon?  Stanford." 

To  Stanford.  Just  arrived  and  got  my  office  working  finely. 

Somerset. 
To  Somerset.     Any  signs  of  Morgan  yet?     lie  left  Crab 
Orchard  at  11  30  to-day.  Stanford. 

To  Stanford.     No  signs  of  him  as  yet?  Somerset. 

To  Somerset.  For  fear  they  may  take  you  by  surprise, 
I  would  suggest  we  have  a  private  signal.     What  say  you  ? 

Stanford. 

To  Stanford.  Good.  Before  signing  we  will  make  the 
figure  7.  Somerset. 

This  was  mutually  agreed  upon. 

I  asked  when  Woolford  would  bo  at  Somerset.  lie  said 
Woolford  had  telegraphed  Boyle  that  his  force  was  green 
and  insufficient  to  attack  Morgan. 

Seeing  there  was  no  use  of  my  losing  a  night's  rest,  I  told 
Stanford  I  would  retire  ;  that  I  had  made  arrangements  with 
the  pickets  to  wake  me  up  in  case  Morgan  came  in.  The 
operator  at  Lebanon  Junction  urged  me  to  sit  up,  but  I  de- 
clined on  the  ground  of  being  unwell.  This  did  not  satisfy 
him,  but  after  ari^uino^  with  him  for  some  time  I  retired. 

July  22 — Opened  the  office  at  7  o'clock,  a.  m.  ;  informed 
the  Stanford  operator  that  Morgan  had  not  yet  arrived  ; 
made  inquiries  about  different  things;  and  after  everything 
in  town  belonging  to  the  United  States  was  destroyed,  the 
General  gave  me  a  few  messages  to  send — one  to  Prentice, 
one  to  Gen.  Boyle,  and  one  to  Dunlap.  They  are  hereto 
annexed. 

I  then  telegraphed  home,  informing  my  relatives  of  my 
whereabouts,  what  I  was  doing,  4zc.  I  then  transmitted  the 
General's  dispatches  as  follows : 


48  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

Somerset,  July  22. 
George  D.  Prentice,  Louisville : 

Good  morning,  George  D.  I  am  quietly  watching  the 
complete  destruction  of  all  of  Uncle  Sam's  property  in  this 
little  burg.  I  regret  exceedingly  that  this  is  the  last  that 
comes  under  my  supervision  on  this  route.  I  expect  in  a 
short  time  to  pay  you  a  visit,  and  wish  to  know  if  you  will 
be  at  home. 

All  well  in  Dixie.  John  H.  Morgan, 

Commanding  Brigade. 
General  J.  T.  Boyle,  Louisville: 

Good  morning,  Jerry.  This  telegraph  is  a  great  institu- 
tion. You  should  destroy  it,  as  it  keeps  you  too  well  post- 
ed. My  friend,  Ellsworth,  has  all  your  dispatches  since  the 
10th  of  July  on  file.     Do  you  wish  copies  "? 

John  H.  Morgan, 
Commanding  Brigade. 
Hon.  Geo.   W.  Dunlap,  Washington  City  : 

Just  completed  my  tour  through  Kentucky — captured  17 
cities,  destroyed  millions  of  dollars  worth  of  U.  S.  property 
— passed  through  your  county,  but  regret  not  seeing  you. 
We  paroled  fifteen  hundred  Federal  prisoners. 

Your  old  friend,  John  H.  Morgan, 

Commandinof  Bricrade. 

[The  foregoing  dispatches  were  well  calculated  to  dum: 
found  these  Yankee  dignitaries — who  no  doubt  were  half  in- 
clined to  pronounce  them  some  spiritual  freak — but  for  con- 
centrated   audacity,    the    following    is    unequalled. — Eds. 

CONFED.] 

Headquarters,  Telegraph  Department  of  Ky.,  ) 
Confederate  States  of  America,  V 

Georgetown,  Ky.,  July  10,  1862.  ) 
General  Order  No.  1. 

When  an  operator  is  positively  informed  that  the  enemy  is 
marching  on  his  station,  he  will  immediately  proceed  to  de- 
stroy the  telegraph  instruments  and  all  material  in  his  charge. 
Such  instances  of  carelessness  as  were  exhibited  on  the  part 
of  the  operators  at  Lebanon,  Midway;  and  Georgetown,  will 
be  severely  dealt  with. 

By  order  of  G.  A.  Ellsworth. 

Gen.  Mil.  Sup't  C.  S.  Telegraph  Dep't. 

Southern  Confederacy ,  August  1862. 


49 

OFFICIAL  EEPORT  OF  COL.  JOHN  H.  MORGAN. 

Headquarters,  Morgan's  Command,  ) 
Knoxville,  Tenn.,  July  30,  1802.      j 
To  Major-General  E.  Kirhij   Smithy    Commandiny  Depart- 
ment of  East  Tennessee —  General : 

I  have  the  honor  to  report  that,  upon  the  clay  of  the  en- 
gagement at  Tonipkinsville,  a  full  report  of  which  I  have  al- 
ready sent  you,  I  moved  my  command,  consisting  of  my  own 
Iwegiment,  the  Georgia  Regiment  of  Partisan  Kangers,  coni- 
inanded  by  Col.  A.  A.  Hunt,  and  Major  Gano's  Texas  squad- 
ron, to  which  was  attached  two  companies  of  Tennessee  Cav- 
alry, in  the  direction  of  Glasgow,  which  place  I  reached  at 
twelve  o'clock  that  night. 

There  were  but  few  troops  in  the  town,  who  fled  at  our  ap- 
proach. The  commissary  stores,  clothing,  ifcc,,  together  with 
a  large  supply  of  medical  stores,  found  in  Glasgow,  were 
burned,  and  the  guns  were  distributed  among  my  command. 
— about  two  hundred  of  which  were  unarmed  when  I  left 
Knoxville. 

From  Glasgow  I  proceeded  along  the  main  Lexington 
road  to  Barren  river,  halting  for  a  time  near  Cave  City — my 
object  being  to  induce  the  belief  that  I  intended  destroying 
the  railroad  bridge  between  Bowling  Green  and  Woodson- 
villc.  I  caused  wires  connecting  with  a  portable  battery  I 
carried  with  me,  to  be  attached  to  the  telegraph  liiie  near 
Horse  Cave,  and  intercepted  a  number  of  dispatches. 

At  Barren  River,  I  detached  three  companies  under  Capt. 
Jack  Allen,  to  move  forward  rapidly  and  destroy  the  Salt 
River  bridge,  that  the  troops  along  the  line  of  railroad  might 
be  prevented  from  returning  to  Louisville. 

On  the  following  morning  I  moved  on  towards  Lebanon, 
distant  thirty- five  miles  from  Barren  river.  At  11  o'clock 
at  night  I  reached  the  bridge  over  Rolling  Fork,  six  miles 
from  Lebanon.  The  enemy  had  received  information  of  my 
approach  from  their  spies,  and  my  advanced  guard  was  fired 
upon  at  the  bridge.  After  a  short  fight,  the  force  at  the 
bridge  w^as  dispersed,  and  the  planks  which  had  been  torn 
up  having  been  replaced,  the  command  moved  forward  to 
Lebanon.  About  two  miles  fr-om  town,  a  skirmish  com- 
menced between  two  companies  that  I  caused  to  dismount 
and  deploy,  and  a  force  of  the  enemy  which  was  posted  on 
the  road,  which  was  soon  ended  by  its  dispersion  and  cap- 
o 


50  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

ture.  Lieut.  Col.  A.  Y.  Johnson,  commanding  the  troops  in 
the  town,  surrendered,  and  I  entered  the  place.  The  prison- 
ers, in  number  about  65,  were  paroled. 

I  took  immediate  possession  of  the  telegraph,  and  inter- 
cepted a  dispatch  to  Col.  Johnson,  informing  him  that  Col. 
Owens,  with  the  60th  Indiana  Regiment,  had  been  sent  to 
his  assistance  ;  so  I  at  once  despatched  a  company  of  Texan 
Rangers,  under  Major  Gano,  to  destroy  the  railroad  bridge 
on  the  Lebanon  branch,  which  he  successfully  accomplished 
in  time  to  prevent  the  arrival  of  the  troops.  I  burned  two 
long  buildings  full  of  commissary  stores,  consisting  of  up- 
wards of  five  hundred  sacks  of  coffee,  a  large  amount  of  all 
other  supplies  in  bulk,  marked  for  the  army  at  Cumberland 
Gap.  I  also  destroyed  a  very  large  amount  of  clothing,  boots, 
&c.  I  burned  the  hospital  buildings,  which  appeared  to 
have  been  recently  erected  and  fitted  up,  together  with  about, 
thirty-five  wagons  and  fifty  three  new  ambulances.  I  found 
in  the  place  a  large  store  of  medicines,  five  thousand  stand  of 
arms,  with  accoutrements,  about  two  thousand  sabres,  and 
an  immense  quantity  of  ammunition,  shell,  &;c.  I  distribu- 
ted the  best  arms  among  my  command,  and  loaded  one  wag- 
on with  them  to  be  given  to  the  recruits  that  I  expected  to 
join  me.  I  also  loaded  one  wagon  with  ammunition.  The 
remainder  of  the  arms,  ammunition,  and  the  hospital  and 
medical  stores,  I  destroyed. 

While  in  Lebanon,  I  ascertained  from  telegraph  dispatches 
that  I  intercepted,  that  the  force  which  had  been  started  from 
Lebanon  Junction  to  reinforce  Lieut.  Col.  Johnson,  had  met 
and  driven  back  the  force  und^r  Capt.  Jack  Allen,  killing 
one  of  his  men,  and  preventing  him  from  accomplishing  the 
purpose  for  which  he  had  been  detailed. 

I  proceeded  from  Lebanon  on  the  following  day  through 
Springfield  to  Macksville  that  night  to  recover  the  prisoners, 
which  I  did  the  next  morning.  I  then  left  for  Harrodsburg, 
capturing  a  Federal  Captain  and  Lieutenant  on  the  road ; 
reached  Harrodsburg  at  12^5-  o'clock,  and  found  that  the 
Home  Guard  of  all  that  portion  of  the  country  had  fled  to 
Lexington.  A  force  was  also  stationed  on  the  bridge  where 
the  Lexington  road  crossed  the  Kentucky  river.  My  recep- 
tion at  this  place  was  very  encouraging.  The  whole  popu- 
lation appeared  to  turn  out  and  vie  with  each  other  as  to 
"who  should  show  us  most  attention. 

I  left  Harrodsburg  at  6  o'clock  the  same  evening,  and 
moved  to  Lawrenceburg,  twenty  miles  distant,  threatening 


51 

Frankfort  in  order  to  draw  off  the  troops  from  Georgetown. 
Remained  there  until  the  return  of  my  courier  from  Frank- 
fort, who  brought  the  information  that  there  was  a  force  in 
Frankfort  of  two  or  three  thousand  men,cionsisting  of  Home 
Guards  collected  from  the  adjacent  counties  and  a  few  regu- 
lar troops. 

From  Lawrenceburg  I  proceeded  to  Shrykes'  Ferry,  on  the 
Kentucky  river,  raised  the  boat,  which  had  been  sunken, 
and  crossed  that  evening,  reaching  Versailles  at  7  o'clock. — 
I  found  this  place  abandoned  by  its  defenders,  who  had  fled 
to  Lexington ;  remained  tliere  that  night,  and  on  the  next 
morning  marched  towards  Georgetown.  While  at  Versail- 
les I  took  about  three  hundred  Government  horses  andnmles, 

I  passed  through  Midway  on  the  road  to  Georgetown,  and 
was  informed  just  before  reaching  the  place  that  a  train  from 
Frankfort  was  nearly  due,  with  two  regiments  of  Federals. 
I  tore  up  the  irack  and  posted  tlie  howitzers  to  command  it, 
and  formed  my  command  along  the  line  of  the  road  ;  but 
the  train  was  warned  of  our  presence,  andreturned  to  Frank- 
fort. Having  taken  possession  of  the  telegraph  oflice,  I  in- 
tercepted a  disf)atch  asking  if  the  road  was  clear,  and  if  it 
would  be  safe  to  start  the  train,  and  made  preparations  to 
i-eceive  it,  but  it  was  also  turned  back  and  escaped. 

I  reached  Georgetown,  12  miles  from  Lexington,  that  eve- 
ning. Just  before  entering  the  town,  I  was  informed  that  a 
small  force  of  Home  Guards  had  mustered  to  oppose  us.  I 
sent  them  word  to  surrender  their  arms,  and  they  should  not 
be  molested,  but  they  fled.  The  people  of  Georgetown  also 
welcomed  us  with  gladness,  and  provided  my  troops  with 
every  thing  that  they  needed.  I  remained  at  Georgetown 
two  days,  during  which  time  I  sent  out  a  company  under 
Capt.  Mc^Iillan  to  destroy  the  track  1x4 ween  Midway  and 
Lexington,  and  Midway  and  Frankfoit,  and  to  blow  up  the 
stone  bridge  on  that  road,  which  he  successfully  accomplish- 
ed. Hearing  that  a  company  of  Home  Guards  were  en- 
camped at  "  Stamping  Ground,"  thirteen  miles  distant,  I 
dispatched  a  company  under  Capt.  Hamilton  to  break  up  the 
encampment,  burn  the  tents  and  stores,  and  destroy  the  guns. 
This  was  also  accomplished — Capt.  Hamilton  taking  fitleen 
prisoners  and  all  their  guns,  and  destroying  a  large  amount 
of  medical  and  commissary  supplies.  I  also,  whileat  George- 
town, sent  Capt.  Castleman  with  his  company  to  destroy  the 
railroad  bridges  between  Paris  and  Lexington,  and  report  to 
me  at  Winchester.     This  was  done. 


52  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

Determining  to  move  on  Paris,  with  a  view  of  returning, 
and  hearing  that  the  place  was  being  rapidly  reinforced  from 
Cynthiana,  I  deemed  it  of  great  importance  to  cnt  off  the 
communication  from  that  place,  while  I  drew  off  the  troops 
that  were  already  there,  by  a  feint  on  Lexington.  I  there- 
fore dispatched  a  portion  of  two  companies  towards  Lexing- 
ton, with  instructions  to  drive  the  pickets  to  the  very  entrance 
of  the  city,  while  1  moved  the  command  towards  Cynthiana. 
When  I  arrived  in  three  miles  of  the  place,  I  learned  that*it 
was  defended  by  a  considerable  force  of  infantry,  cavalry  and 
artillery.  I  despatched  the  Texas  squadron,  under  Major 
Gano,  to  enter  the  town  on  the  right,  and  the  Georgia  Regi- 
ment to  cross  the  river  and  get  into  the  rear,,  while  I  moved 
my  own  Regiment,  with  the  artillery  under  the  command  of 
Lieutenant  J.  E.  Harris,  down  the  Georgetown  Pike.  A 
severe  engagement  took  place,  which  lasted  about  an  hour 
and  a  half,  before  the  enemy  were  driven  into  the  town  and 
compelled  to  surrender.  1  took  four  hundred  and  twenty 
prisoners,  including  about  seventy  Home  Guards.  I  regret 
to  have  to  mention  the  loss  of  8  of  my  men  in  killed  and  29 
wounded.  The  enemy's  loss  was  94  killed  and^woundcd,  ac 
cording  to  their  own  account.  Their  excess  in  killed  and 
wounded  is  remarkable,  as  they  fought  us  behind  stone  fences, 
and  fired  at  us  from  buildings  as  we  charged  through  the 
town.  We  captured  a  very  fine  12-pounder  brass  piece  of 
artillery,  together  with  a  large  number  of  small  arms,  and 
about  three  hundred  Government  horses.  The  arms  and 
Government  stores  were  burned,  and  as  many  of  the  horses 
as  we  could  bring  with  us  were  kept.  I  found  a  very  large 
supply  of  commissary  and  medical  stores,  tents,  guns  and 
ammunition  at  this  place,  which  L  destroyed.  The  paroled 
prisoners  were  sent  under  an  escort  to  Falmouth,  where  they 
took  the  tntin  for  Cincinnati. 

I  proceeded  next  morning  towards  Paris,  and  was  met  on 
the  road  by  a  be«arer  of  a  flag  of  truce,  offering  the  unc^ondf- 
tional  surrender  of  the  place.  I  reached  Paris  at  4  o'clock, 
remained  there  that  night,  and  started  towards  Winchester 
next  morning.  As  my  command  was  fding  out  of  Paris, 
on  the  Winchester  Pike,  I  discovered  a  large  force  of  Feder- 
als coming  towards  the  town,  from  the  direction  of  Lexing- 
ton. They  immediately  countermarched,  supposing,  no 
doubt,  that  my  intention  was  to  get  into  their  rear.  This 
enabled  me  to  bring  off  my  entire  command  without  moles- 


AND  PATRIOt'*S  FRIEND.  53 

tatioii,  with  the  exception  of  two  of  my  pickets,  who  were 
probably  surprised.  I  reached  Winchester  that  day  at  12 
o'clock,  and  reniaiiud  until  4  o'clock,  when  I  proceeded  to- 
wards Richmond.  At  Winchester  I  fitund  a  nuni  ber  of  arms, 
which  were  destroyed. 

I  ari-ived  at  Richmond  at  12  o'clock  that  night,  and  re- 
mained until  the  next  afternoon,  when  [  proceeded  to  Cral) 
Orchard.  1  had  determined  to  make  a  stand  at  Richmond, 
and  await  reinforcements,  as  the  people  appeared  rea<ly  to 
rise  and  join  me,  but  I  received  information  that  large  bodies 
of  cavali-y  under  Gen.  Clay  Smith,  and  Cols.  Woolford,Met- 
cal,  Mmxly  and  Wynkoop,  were  endeavoring  to  surround 
me  at  this  place.  So  [  moved  on  to  Crab  Orchard,  lliere 
I  attached  my  portable  battery  to  the  telegraph  lea  Jing  froiri 
Stanford  to  Louisville,  and  learned  the  exact  position  of  the 
enemy's  forces,  and  directed  my  movements  accordingly. 

Leaving  Crab  Orchard  at  1 1  o'clock,  I  arrrived  at  Somer- 
set, distant  28  miles,  at  sundown.  I  took  possession  of  the 
lelegra])h,  and  counlermanded  all  the  previous  orders  that 
had  been  given  ])y  Gen.  Boyle  to  intercept  me,  and  remained 
in  perfect  security  all  night.  I  found  a  very  large  su]>ply  of 
commissary  stores,  clothing,  blankets,  shoes,  hats,  <kc.,  at 
this  place,  which  were  destroyed.  I  also  found  tlie  arms 
that  had  been  taken  from  Gen.  ZoliicofFer,  together  with 
large  quantities  of  shell  and  ammunition,  all  of  which  were 
<lestroyed.  I  also  burned  at  this  place  and  Crab  Orchard 
about  130  Government  wagons. 

From  Somerset  1  proceeded  to  Monticcllo,  and  from 
thence  between  Livingston  and  Sparta,  where  my  command 
is  now  encamped. 

I  left  Knoxvillc  on  the  4th  day  of  this  month  with  about 
nine  hundred  men,  and  returned  to  Livingston  on  the  28th 
instant  with  nearly  twelve  hundred,  having  been  absent  just 
twenty-four  days,  during  which  time  I  traveled  over  a  thous- 
and miles,  captured  seventeen  towns,  destroyed  all  the  Gov- 
ernment supplies  and  arms  in  them,  dispersed  about  fifteen 
hundred  Home  (ruards,  and  paroled  about  twelve  hundred 
regular  troops.  I  lost  in  killed,  wounded  and  missing  of  the 
number  that  I  carried  into  Kentucky,  about  ninety. 

I  take  great  pleasure  in  testifying  to  the  gallant  bravery  and 
efficiency  of  my  whole  command.  There  were  individual 
instances  of  daring  so  conspicuous,  that  I  must  beg  the  privi- 
lege of  referring  to  them.     Private  Moore,  of  Louisiana,  a 


54  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

member  of  Company  A.,  of  my  Regiment,  particularly  dis- 
tinguished himself  in  leading  a  charge  at  Cynthiana,  which 
had  an  important  effect  in  winning  the  battle.  The  reports 
of  the  Regimental  Commanders,  which  are  inclosed,  are  re- 
spectfully referred  to  for  individual  instances  of  bravery  and 
efficiency.  I  feel  indebted  to  all  my  aids  for  the  prompt- 
ness with  which  my  orders  were  executed,  and  particularly 
to  Col.  St.  Leger  Grenfel,  for  the  assistance  which  his  expe- 
rience afforded  me. 

All  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted. 

JOHN  H.  MORGAN, 
Acting  Brig.  Gen.  C.  S.  A. 

R.  A.  Alston,  A.  A.  G. 


HISTORY  OF  A  YANKEE  CHASE  AND  CAPTURE  OF  FEDERAL 
BRIDGE  BURNERS. 

During  this,  the  Second  American  Revolution,  the  exigen- 
cies of  the  times  call  forth  and  develope  invaluable  qualities 
of  virtue  and  invincibility  possessed  in  the  touls  of  men,  not 
only  in  a  military  point  of  view  as  with  regard  to  soldiers  and 
generals  in  the  field  whose  constant  theme  it  is  to  devise  means 
and  measures  to  frustrate  the  designs  of  a  common  enemy, 
hnl  in  the  more  humble  walks  of  life  in  the  discharge  of  dai- 
ly duties,  the  quiet  and  unpretending  citizen  is  called  upon 
to  act  as  it  were  by  the  inspiration  of  a  higher  power  to  put 
to  their  fullest  test  the  energies  and  capacity  possessed  in  the 
soul  which  is  clearly  demonstrated  in  the  following  narrative: 

Captain  W.  A.  Fuller — the  hero  of  a  Yankee  chase,  and 
captor  of  twenty-two  Federal  bridge  burners — was  born  in 
Henry  county,  Ga.,  on  the  15th  of  April  1836.  His  father, 
also,  was  born  in  the  same  county  and  State  17th  February, 
1810,  who  has  always  been  a  farmer  of  perfect  independence. 
His  grapd-fathcr,  John  Fuller,  was  born  and  raised  in  Cam- 
den District,  South  Carolina,  was  married  to  a  Virginia  lady, 
was  in  the  battle  of  Camden  where  Gen.  Gates  was  defeated, 
and  served  seven  years  in  the  First  American  Revolution. 

The  subject  of  this  narrative  (grand-son  of  John  Fuller)  is 
a  farmer's  son,  and  worked  in  the  cotton-field  till  sixteen  years 
of  age  when  he  was  sent  to  a  respectable  academy  (Philadel- 
phia) where  he  graduated.  Being  fond  of  lively  and  exci- 
ting employment  he  chose  a  Conductor's  berth  on  the  West- 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  55 

ern  &  Atlantic  Rail  Road  on  the  Sth  day  of  September,  1855. 
On  the  second  of  December,  1860,  he  was  married  to  Miss 
Lula  Asber,  of  South  Carolina.  Resides  in  Atlanta,  and  still 
continues  in  the  service  of  the  Western  &  Atlantic  Rail 
Road  as  Conductor  of  a  passenger  train,  where,  in  the 
Spring  of  1862,  an  occasion  presented  itself  to  him  to  give 
full  scope  to  his  indomitable  will  and  irresistable  energyin 
pursuit  of  the  Yankee  hirelings  who  had  stolen  his  engine 
while  stopping  to  breakfast  at  Big  Shanty,  a  station  eight 
miles  North  of  Marietta. 

Captain  Fuller,  his  Engineer,  and  Mr.  A.  Murphy,  then 
Foreman  of  the  "Western  &  Atlantic  Rail  Road  Shop,  who 
happened  to  be  along,  started  off  at  "double-quick"  at  the 
instance  of  the  former.  When  Capt.  Fuller  reached  Moon's 
Station,  distant  3  miles,  he  found  a  hand-car,  put  it  upon  the 
track  himself,  pushed  back  for  Kain  and  Murphy,  whom  he 
had  left  behind.  This  car  they  used,  pushing  it  along  alter- 
nately, till  they  reached  Etowah,  20  miles  from  Big  Shanty. 
At  this  Station,  fortunately,  there  was  an  old  engine  steamed 
up  which  was  instantly  brought  into  requisition.  In  the 
meantime,  while  upon  the  hand-car,  they  were  precipitated 
into  the  ditch  more  than  once  where  the  engine  thieves  had 
torn  up  the  track.  With  the  engine  which  they  procured  at 
Etowah,  they  ran  at  full  speed,  unobstructed,  to  Kingston, 
where  they  were  informed  that  they  were  only  25  minutes 
behind  the  Yankees.  At  Kingston,  Fuller  took  charge  of 
the  Rome  Road  engine,  and  pressed  on,  being  frequently 
obliged  to  stop  to  remove  cross-ties  which  had  been  placed  up- 
on the  track  by  the  Yankees.  When  he  had  proceeded  some 
6  miles  he  came  to  a  break  in  the  track  some  60  yards  long 
where  the  Yankees  had  torn  up  the  Iron  and  carried  it  away. 
This,  of  course,  rendered  the  Rome  engine  useless  in  the  pur- 
suit; whereupon,  Capt.  Fuller  started  off  again  on  foot,  fol- 
lowed alone  by  Murphy.  When  he  had  run  about  4  miles 
he  met  an  Express  train,  20  cars  in  length,  which  he  instant- 
ly turned  back,  switching  off  the  cars  at  the  next  station 
(Adairsville,)  and  took  the  engine  alone  in  the  pursuit,  provi- 
ding himself  with  track  hands,  tools,  &c.,  for  the  purpose  of 
repairing  the  track  in  case  the  enemy  should  tear  it  up  again, 
knowing  that  the  engine  he  then  had  was  the  only  chance. 

At  Calhoun  he  took  on  an  operator  and  instructed  him  on 
the  way  as  to  sending  a  dispatch,  then  dropped  him  at  Dal- 
ton,  who  telegraphed  to  Chattanooga  just  two  minutes  before 


5b  CONFEDERATE    MOi^ITOR 

the  Yankees  cut  the  wires,  thus  securing  their  capture  if  he 
failed  to  catch  them. 

A  better  executed  stratagem  has  never  been  recorded  upon 
the  pages  of  history.  Regardless  of  danger  and  its  conse- 
quences, he  run  "an  engine  backwards  under  a  full  head  of 
steam  in  pursuit  of  the  Yankee  thieves. 

.Pie  had  not  proceeded  far  when  he  fully  comprehended  the 
shrewdness  and  daring  of  the  enemy,  having  found  upon  ev- 
ery curve  in  the  road  obstructions  in  the  shape  of  cross-ties^ 
with  which  the  enemy  had  loaded  three  cars,  and  dropping 
as  many  as  half  a  dozen  upon  the  track  in  every  bend  of  the 
road  as  they  advanced,  to  prevent  pursuit.  With  re-doubled 
energy,  he  followed  in  hot  haste,  using  the  steam  guage  to 
her  fullest  capacity,  and  frequently  stopping  at  the  curves  to 
remove  obstructions. 

Being  thoroughly  acquainted  with  every  part  of  the  road, 
he  could  run  his  engine  to  a  better  advantage  than  his  fleeing 
enemy,  and,  after  an  cxciting*chase,  overtook  him.  The  en- 
emy, finding  himself  too  hotly  pressed,  .s^02>/)C(Z /V/.s  entjme  (ind 
reversed  her,  to  run  into  the  one  in  pursuit ;  but,  in  hi?  fright, 
he  forgot  to  take  off  the  break  and  she  stopped  still.  Ta- 
king to  the  woods,  Capt.  Fuller  found  himself  rpon  a  new 
ffeld  of  action,  where  the  power  and  endurance  of  hi»  muscu- 
lar frame  was  more  than  fairly  tested  in  the  pursuit  (j>f  a  band 
of  criminals  whom,  it  may  well  be  imagined,  made  a  desper- 
ate effort  to  make  good  their  escape,  who  separated  as  they 
advanced  through  the  w  oods  in  order  to  baffle  pursuit.  But 
Capt.  F.,  as  the  sequel  proves,  was  fully  equal  to  the  emer- 
gency. Though  he  had  but  six  men  with  him,  he  felt  per- 
fectly confident  of  his  capturing  the  whole  gang. 

Meeting  several  negroes  in  the  course  of  his  pursuit,  he 
gave  them  running  orders  to  station  themselves  at  certain 
points,  who  promptly  obeyed  his  command,  while  he  contin- 
•  ued  his  course.  Finding  a  mule,  he  pressed  him  into  service, 
rode  to  several  plantations  where  he  was  joined  by  citizens 
with  their  servants,  who  assisted  in  the  capture  of  the  Yankee 
thieves  who  were  brought  to  halt  in  squads  of  twos  and  threes 
on  the  banks  of  the  river,  (which  was  impassible  at  the  time) 
where  they  readily  yielded  to  a  demand  of  surrender  to  their 
victorious  pursuers. 

Andrews  confessed,  while  in  prison  in  Chattanooga,  Tenn., 
after  having  been  condemned  to  be  hung,  that  it  was  the  ob- 
ject of  the  Expedition  to  steal  and  take  to  lluntsville  the 


AND  patriot's  iFRIEND.  57 

engine,  and  to  burn  all  the  bridges  on  the  State  Road  between 
Marietta  and  Chattanooga^  thereby  cutting  oif  communica- 
tion and  re-inforcements.  lie  was  to  get  $10,000  for  steal- 
ing the  engine  and  660,000  for  burning  the  bridges. 

lie  was  hired  by  the  Yankee  General  Mitchell  to  accom- 
plish that  thievish  and  incendiary  project,  in  which,  had  he 
been  successful,  would  have  resulted  in  an  incalculable  loss  to 
the  Confederate  States.     But  the  energy,  indomitable  will, 
,    and  power  of  endurance  of  Capt.  Fuller  was  sufficiently  great 
not  only  to  cause  that  infamous  scheme  to  miscarry,  but  to 
accomplish  the  capture  of  Andrews  and  his  whole  crew.     A- 
;\  bout  the  20th  of  June  last,  Capt.  Andrews,  the  leader  of  the 
*v  expedition,  was  cxcciitaJ,  and  a  few  days  sul)sequcnt  seven 
others  followed,  all  executed  in  Atlanta,  Ga,     They  severally 
expressed  their  warmest  feelings  of  respect  and  good  wishes 
for  Capt.  Fuller,  and  upon  the  scaffold  declared  that  they  ap- 
proved of  his  conduct. 

Thus  ends  a  hastily  written  chapter  of  one  of  the  exciting 
I  events  of  the  present  llevolution.  Hoping  to  be  pardoned 
-    for  mistakes  if  any  there  be,  I  remain,  llcspectfully, 

II.  W.  11.  J. 

P.  S. :  The  bridges,  eighteen  in  number,  on  the  State  Road  which 

>  Mr.  Andrews  and  his  party  iiitendfd  to  destroy  cost  the  State  nearly  a 
million  of  dolhirs.  Thus  it  -will  be  seen  that  by  Capt.  Fuller's  hazzard- 
ous  and  fri<;htful  chase  he  saved  to  the  State,  in  round  numbers,  tlic 

fc    sum  al)ove  mentioned,  in  actual  expenditure. 

|k  Had  those  bridges  been  destroyed,  the  S.ate  would  nf)t  only  have 
BuflVrcd  to  the  extent  of  taeir  value,  but  the  upper  part  of  the  State 
would  have  b:en  invaded  by  a  vindictive  and  barbarous  enemy,  and  n 
large  amount  of  ihe  rolling  stock  of  the  Road  would  have  been  cut  oft" 

^  and  lost  to  the  State.  As  for  the  eventual  loss  to  the  Confederacy  in 
so  sad  an  event  the  amount  would  have  been,  indeed,  incalculable. 

H.  V/.  R.  J. 


Gen.  Forrest  Just  in  Time. — While  Gen.  Forrest  was 
making  his  forced  cavalry  march  upon  Murfreesboro',  the  ene- 
my at  that  place,  all  unconscious  of  their  approaching  doom, 
was  holding  a  drum  head  court  for  the  trial  of  numerous  cit- 
izens of  the  vicinity  accused  of  shooting  the  Yankee  pick- 
ets. They  had  condemned  quite  a  number  to  be  hung,  among 
them  master  Charley  llidley,  a  youth  of  sixteen,  entirely  in- 
nocent of  the  oflcnce  charged,  but  a  most  acceptable  victim, 
inasmuch  as  he  was  the  son  of  Broomfield  L.  Ridley,  one  of 
the  Judges  of  the  Chancery  Court  of  Tennessee;  whose  broth- 
el 


58  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

er,  Dr.  Charles  L.  Ridley,  a  citizen  of  Jasper  county  in  this 
State,  is  well  known  to  many  of  our  readers.  While  these 
summary  trials  and  convictions  were  going  on,  the  distant 
thunder  of  the  tramp  of  cavalry  attracted  the  attention  of 
the  "honorable  Court/^  and  in  a  few  minutes  the  sharp  re- 
port of  musketry  and  the  terrified  cry  of  ''the  rebels — the 
rebels,''  adjourned  that  tribunal  with  more  dispatch  than  cer- 
emony. The  provost  marshal,  who,  in  a  few  minutes,  would 
have  been  treating  his  prisoners  to  short  shrift  and  a  cord, 
took  to  his  heels,  and  the  happy  escaped  set  up  a  shout  of 
deliverance  that  made  the  welkin  ring.  What  a  lucky  arri- 
val for  them. — Macon  [Ga.)  2'eler/ra2>h,  August  6. 


THE  CONFEDERATE  STATES  NAYY. 

The  Navy  Department  of  the  Confederate  States  has  been 
the  subject  of  a  great  deal  of  abuse  and  ridicule  from  Our 
own  press  and  people — whether  altogether  deserved  or  not, 
we  shall  not  pretend  to  say.  But  we  should  remember  that 
"Rome  was  not  built  in  a  day" — and  that  many  great  enter- 
prises have  their  origin  in  very  small  beginnings.  Thus  our 
navy,  though  small  now,  will,  in  the  future,  we  believe,  occu- 
py a  prominent  place  in  the  navies  of  the  world. 

Small  as  it  is,  it  has  accomplished  much.  The  daring  of 
Tatnall,  the  gallantry  of  Buchanan,  the  bravery  of  Jones,  of 
]3rowu,  of  lloUins,  and  the  hosts  of  other  noble  spirits,  whose 
naval  exploits  have  won  for  them  imperishable  renown,  have 
already  illustrated  many  bright  pages  in  the  glorious  history 
of  our  young  Confederacy,  and  give  promise  of  still  greater 
deeds  of  emprise  and  renown  in  the  future. 

With  pride  and  gratification,  we  can  recall  the  movements 
of  our  little  "  Musquito  fleet,''  under  command  of  Commodore 
Tatnall  at  the  mouth  of  the  Savannah  river;  the  successful 
cruise  of  the  Sumter,  under  Lieut.  Semmes,  on  the  bosom  of 
the  broad  Atlantic  :  the  terrific  onslaught  of  the  Merrimac — 
Virginia,  under  Commodore  Buchanan  and  Lieut.  Jones,  in 
the  waters  of  Hampton  Roads,  the  successful  attack  of  the 
Louisiana  Ram,  under  Commodore  Hollins,  at  the  Delta  of 
the  Mississippi ;  The  "  cotton  clad  "  experiment  of  Gen.  Jeft". 
Thompson  on  the  Mississippi  river;  and  lastly,  of  the  aston- 
ishing victory  of  the  Arkansas,  under  Capt.  Brown  at  Vicks- 
bursr. 


AND  PATRIOT  S  FRIEND. 


59 


These  are  some  of  the  feats  which  our  gallant  little  navy 
has  accomplished — so  many  evidences  of  greater  deeds  were 
the  facilities  at  hand — and  so  many  assurances  of  additional 
glory  for  the  participators. 

With  this  record  and  these  evidences,  it  is,  indeed,  a  source 
of  the  deepest  regret  that  the  field  of  operations  is  not  larger. 
With  a  fleet  of  a  dozen  '^  iron-clad  ^'  frigates,  the  termination 
of  the  war  would  be  hastened.  Northern  seaports  would  be 
made  to  feel  the  presence  of  a  hostile  navy,  and  taste  the  bit- 
ter fruits  of  an  "  effective  blockade." 

A  Southern  array  thrown  upon  Northern  soil,  would  then 
be  supported  by  a  Southern  navy ;  and  thus,  blows,  thick 
and  fast,  by  land  and  sea,  would  bring  the  crazy  fanatics  of 
Yankeedoodledom  to  their  senses  with  a  most  desirable  haste. 

Now,  the  question  arises,  can  we  not  have  such  a  navy  ? 
Cannot  European  workshops,  and  European  ship  yards,  and 
European  workmen  be  set  to  work  \':-  accomplish  this  great 
necessity  ?  Could  not,  for  instance,  the  ships  be  built,  the 
machinery  constructed,  and  the  iron  plating  prepared,  and 
shipped  to  this  country  by  piecemeal  ? 

The  policy  seems  to  us  plausible  enough ;  and  worthy  of  a 
trial. 

We  are  aware  that  the  Confederate  Naval  Department  is 
not  idle.  Movements  are  on  foot  now,  from  which  good  re- 
sults may  reasonably  be  anticipated ;  but  we  cannot  accomplish 
all  that  we  desire  with  our  limited  and  over-taxed  facilities. 
A¥e  must  supply  the  necessities  abroad,  if  possible,  and  with- 
out delay. 

We  have  a  navy,  it  is  true,  but  we  want  a  fleet  of  vessels 
worthy  of  the  gallant  men  who  compose  that  Navy. —  Consti- 
tutionalist. 


WOE  TO  THE  YANQUISHED. 

From  the  days  when  Sennacherib  generously  proffered  the 
invaded  to  eat  the  fruits  of  their  own  vine  and  fig  trees  and 
drink  of  their  "own  cisterns'' — to  the  cruel  and  fraudulent 
designs  of  the  Yankees  against  us,  it  has  always  been  a  trick 
to  deceive  the  foolish  or  detach  the  timid  by  pledges  of  kind- 
ness, to  be  redeemed  in  blood  and  rapine. 

We  cannot  imagine  that  our  own  case  would  constitute  an 
exception.      The  assurance  of  Seward  that  no  war  of  con- 


60  CONFEDERATE   MONITOR 

quest  was  intended — the  measures  taken  for  a  ^^  short  sharp 
war" — the  agreement  to  liberate  our  prisoners  on  parole,  fol- 
lowed by  sending  them  to  Chicago — the-  specious  proclama- 
tion of  safety  and  protection,  followed  by  the  arrest  of  our 
citizens  and  plunder  of  their  property — all  prove  the  fraud 
and  rapacity  which  we  have  to  apprehend. 

While  history  teems  with  evidences  of  this  inevitable  ten- 
dency of  a  war  of  invasion,  we  present  an  example  in  which 
its  consequences  have  been  inflicted  by  a  people  of  the  same 
race  with  ourselves  and  coinciding  in  general  character  with 
our  Yankee  invaders. 

Cromwell's  invasion  of  Ireland  was  conducted  on  precisely 
the  same  plans,  and  with  identically  the  same  purposes  which 
actuate  our  foes.  The  reader  will  find  the  same  treachery 
mark  every  step  of  his  progress.  Soon  after  landing  a  pow- 
erful and  well  equipped  army  in  Ireland,  Cromwell  published 
a  proclamation,  forbidding  his  soldiers,  on  pain  of  death,  to 
hurt  any  of  the  inhabitants,  or  take  anything  from  them, 
without  paying  for  it  in  ready  money.  This  was  so  strictly 
executed  that  even  in  his  march  from  Dublin  to  Drogheda, 
where  he  was  guilty  of  that  horrid  butchery,  [he  took  the 
place  by  storm,  and  after  having  promised  quarter,  massacred 
all  his  prisoners,]  and  breach  of  faith  before  mentioned, 
he  ordered  two  of  his  private  soldiers  to  be  put  to  death  in 
the  face  of  the  whole  army,  for  stealing  two  hens  from  an 
Irishman,  which  were  not  worth  two  pence. 

"Upon  this  strict  observance  of  the  proclamation,  together 
with  positive  assurances  given  by  his  officers,  that  they  were 
for  the  liberties  of  the  Commons,  and  that  every  one  should 
enjoy  the  freedom  of  his  religion,  and  that  those  who  served 
the  market  at  the  camp  should  pay  no  contribution,  all  the 
country  people  flocked  to  them  with  all  kinds  of  provisions, 
and  due  payment  being  made  for  the  same,  his  army  was 
much  better  supplied  than  that  of  the  Irish  ever  had  been." 

The  conquest  having  been  secured,  the  disguise  is  thrown 
off  "On  the  26th  September,  1853,  the  English  Parliament 
declared  that  the  rebels  in  Ireland  were  subdued  and  the  re- 
bellion ended,  and  thereupon  proceeded  to  the  distribution  of 
their  lands." 

The  whole  kingdom  was  surveyed,  and  the  number  of  acres 
taken  with  the  quality  of  them,  all  the  soldiers  brought  in 
their  demands  for  arrears,  and  each  man  received,  by  lot,  as 
many  acres  as  should  answer  the  value  of  his  demand. 


61 

The  best  land  was  rated  only  at  four  shillings  an  acre,  and 
some  only  at  a  penny.  The  soldiers  drew  lots  on  what  part 
of  the  kingdom  their  lots  should  be  assigned  them.  Great 
abuse  was  committed  in  setting  out  the  adventurers'  satisfac- 
tion for  the  money  they  had  advanced  at  the  beginning  of 
the  war;  for  they  had  whole  baronies  set  out  to  them  in  gross, 
and  they  employed  surveyors  of  their  own  to  make  their 
admeasurement. 

What  lands  they  were  pleased  to  call  unprofitable,  they  re- 
turned as  such.  The  soldiers'  land  returned  as  unprofitable 
amounted  to  605,670  acres.  In  this  manner  was  the  whole 
kingdom  divided  between  the  soldiers  and  the  adventurers  of 
money. 

THE  IRISH  ARE  TRANSPLANTED  INTO  GONNAUGUT. 

Cromwell  and  his  council  finding  the  utter  extirpation  of 
the  Irish  nation  to  be  in  itself  very  difiicult,  and  to  carry  in 
it  somewhat  of  horror,  that  made  some  impression  upon  the 
stone  hardness  of  their  own  hearts,  after  so  many  thousands 
destroyed  by  the  sword,  famine,  and  by  the  plague,  and  after 
so  many  transported  into  foreign  parts,  found  out  the  follow- 
ing expedient  of  transportation,  which  they  called  ''An  Act 
of  Grace"  : 

There  was  a  large  tract  of  country,  even  to  the  half  of  the 
province  of  Connaught,  that  was  separated  from  the  rest  by 
a  long  and  large  river,  and  which,  by  the  plague  and  many 
massacres,  remained  almost  desolate. 

Into  this  place  they  required  all  the  Irish,  whom  Cromwell 
had  declared  innocent  of  the  rebellion,  to  retire  by  a  certain 
day  under  the  penalty  of  death,  and  all  who  after  that  time 
should  be  found  in  any  other  part  of  the  kingdom,  man,  wo- 
man, or  child,  might  be  killed  by  any  who  saw  or  met  them. 

"The  land  within  this  circuit,  the  most  barren  in  the  king- 
dom, was,  out  of  the  grace  and  mercy  of  the  conquerors,  as- 
signed to  those  of  the  nation  who  were  enclosed  in  such  pro- 
portions as  might,  with  great  industry,  preserve  their  lives, 
and  to  those  persons  from  whom  they  had  taken  great  quan- 
tities of  land  in  other  provinces  they  assigned  greater  pro- 
portions within  this,  on  condition  that  they  should  give  re- 
leases of  their  former  rights  and  titles,  and  bar  themselves 
and  heirs  from  ever  laying  claim  to  their  old  inheritance. 

"  By  this  means  the  plantation,  as  they  called  it,  was  finished, 
and  all  the  Irish  natives  were  enclosed  within  that  circuit,  the 


62  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

rest  of  Ireland  being  left  to  the  English.  Some  few  estates, 
were  left  to  the  old  proprietors,  who,  being  all  Protestants, 
had  either  never  offended  them,  or  had  scrred  them,  or  had 
made  composition  for  their  delinquencies. 

''The  Irish  were  to  confine  themselves  to  Connaught,  so 
that  the  new  English  planters  might  proceed,  without  inter- 
ruption, and  without  that  degradation  which  former  ages  had 
experienced  from  an  intercourse  luith  the  Irish,  and  the  natives 
divided  by  the  Shannon  from  the  other  Provinces,  and  sur- 
rounded by  the  English  garrisons,  might  be  restrained  from 
their  old  barbarous  incursions. 

"These  colonists  were  transported  (to  Connaught)  without 
seed  to  sow,  cattle  to  stock,  ploughs  to  cultivate,  servants  to 
aid,  or  houses  to  shelter  them  ;  they  were  not  to  settle  within 
four  miles  from  the  sea,  two  miles  of  the  Shannon,  or  enter 
any  garrisoned  town  without  orders,  on  peril  of  life." 

From  these  instructive  extracts  we  may  read  our  own  fate, 
if  we  should  yield  either  to  the  threats  or  predictions  of  the 
Yankees. 

The  confiscation  of  lands  to  be  drawn  for  by  lot  among  a 
licentious  and  foreign  soldiery.  The  seizure  of  our  country, 
schools,  pulpits,  with  every  State  and  local  office-^by  the  most 
vicious  and  vindicative  of  our  enemies,  the  lawless  mixture 
of  negroes,  foreigners,  and  fanatics,  would  so  transform  our 
once  happy  country  that  the  doom  of  the  poor  Irish  would 
be  indeed  an  act  of  grace.  The  Virginian  seeing  his  coun- 
try, the  home  of  vice,  infidelity  and  enmity  to  all  he  reveres, 
would  gladly  go  to  any  wilderness  where  his  children  might 
forget  a  country  he  could  not  rescue. — Richmond  Whig. 


DR.  M'DOWELL  OF  ST.  LOUIS. 

To  the  Editor  of  the  Whig  : 

The  Missourians  in  this  city  are  greatly  gratified  at  meet- 
ing their  distinguished  fellow-citizen,  Dr.  Joseph  N.  McDow- 
ell, who,  for  twenty-five  years,  has  filled  the  chair  of  Anato- 
my and  Surgery  in  the  Medical  School  of  St.  Louis,  and  for 
the  last  twelve  months  has  been  Surgeon  General  of  Missouri. 
At  present  he  occupies  the  honorable  post  of  Inspector  Gen- 
eral of  the  Confederate  Hospitals  We>st  of  the  Mississippi. 
Dr.  McDowell  has  borne  a  conspicuous  and  honorable  part  in 
the  pending  struggle  for  our  liberties,  and  is  devoted  to  the 


63 

cause  with  a  noble  zeal.     I  herewith  enclose  you  a  production 
of  his  pen,  the  perusal  of  which,  I  think,  will  entertain  you. 
Yours,  B. 

LETTER  TO  REV.  HENRY  WARD  BEECIIER, 

As  originall)/  imUkhcd  in  the  "  >S'/.  Louis  Daily  Morning  Her- 

alij;'  of  December  15,  1859. 

St.  Louis,  Dec.  8,  1859. 
To  the  Rev.  llcnrij   ^Ynrd  Beeeher  : 

Sir — This  is  the  morning  of  the  anniversary  of  the  ^'cross- 
iug  of  the  Delaware'^  by  George  Washington,  and  the  battle 
of  Trenton.  The  Governor  of  Missouri  has  appointed  to-day 
a  day  of  thanksgiving  in  memory  of  the  achievements  of  the 
"Father  of  his  country."  And  I  keep  it  with  a  twofold 
feeling  of  filial  duty,  for  George  Washington  and  my  own 
father,  who  was  with  him  on  that  dreadful  night  and  the 
two  succeeding  days.  I  do  most  heartily  thank  God,  my 
Father  in  Heaven,  for  their  deliverance  in  that  most  perilous 
adventure.  I  thank  Him  that  He  parted  the  ice  as  lie  did 
the  lied  Sea,  to  safely  land  on  that  stormy  night  that  small 
but  heroic  band  to  battle  with  the  enemies  of  liberty,  and 
made  them  successful  against  fire  times  their  number.  I 
thank  Him  for  the  freedom  and  prosperity  of  our  common 
country,  both  North  and  South )  and  I  thank  Him  for  the 
preservation  of  our  Liberties  beneath  the  hollow  of  His  hand. 
But  above  all  things  I  have  thanked  Him  that  He  has  not 
made  me  such  a  man  as  Henry  Ward  Beeeher,  with  a  heart 
full  of  such  black  ingratitude  for  the  achievement  of  human 
liberty  by  that  heroic  band.  I  thank  Him  there  still  lives 
the  same  love  of  liberty  in  my  humble  bosom  that  impelled 
them  to  battle  and  to  cross  the  Delaware,  and  would  impel  me 
to  cross  the  Mississippi  to  battle  with  the  foes  of  the  South. 
Sir,  let  me  reason  with  you,  and  carefully  read  what  I  write 
you,  that  you  may  "  see  yourself  as  others  see  you."  You 
profess  to  be  a  Christian,  yet  in  no  wise  do  you  follow  in  the 
tbotsteeps  of  your  Master  or  are  actuated  by  the  spirit  of  his 
religion.  His  was  of  peace,  yours  of  the  sword.  His  was 
forbearance,  yours  assault,  even  unto  death,  upon  your  friends 
and  your  country.  He  purchased  no  weapon  even  to  be  turn- 
ed upon  his  enemies;  while  yours  is  the  religion  of  the  bow- 
ie-knife and  the  rifle.  His  was  mercy,  yours  is  murder. 
You  would  turn  the  brutal  negro  upon  the  unsuspecting  white 
man  and  the  defenceless  white  womaiij  and  see  him  gloat  on 


64  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

murder  and  rapine.  He  would  gather  little  children  to  his 
bosom,  while  you  would  consign  innocent  white  girls  of  your 
own  race  to  the  brutal  embrace  of  the  African.  I,  therefore, 
cannot  address  you  as  a  minister  of  the  Christian  religion,  or 
a  follower  of  Jesus ;  but  as  a  heartless,  unfeeling,  uncompro- 
mising knave,  too  wise  to  act  without  a  deadly  purpose,  too 
little  religion  to  be  a  bigot  or  a  fanatic,  but  possessing  the 
power  to  make  fools  and  fanatics  of  others.  In  your  Church 
"but  recently  you  have  raised  money  to  excite  insurrection 
in  my  native  country,"  and  when  the  damning  deed  was  done, 
say  with  hypocritical  cant,  "I  did  not  do  it;  that  no  force 
should  be  used  except  moral  suasion."  You  send  men  to  ap- 
ply the  torch  to  your  neighbor's  dwelling;  and  excite  black 
men  to  murder  white  men,  then  say  you  only  wish  to  liberate 
the  SLAVE.  Such  conduct  no  reason  can  justify,  no  honest 
Christion  can  approve.  Jesus  Christ  lived  in  a  province  of 
the  Roman  Empire  and  never  excited  feelings  of  anger  in 
man  against  his  fellow  man,  and  never  plotted  treason  against 
the  government  under  which  he  lived,  but  said  "render  unto 
Csesar  what  is  Caesar's,"  "servants  be  obedient  unto  your 
masters,"  and  that,  too,  when  there  were  sixty-three  millions 
of  white  slaves  in  the  Empire. 

If,  sir,  your  excuse  for  such  conduct  is,  that  you  wish  to 
confer  a  boon  upon  the  human  race,  why  prefer  the  black  and 
inferior  race  to  the  white? — why  spare  the  one  and  butcher 
the  other  ?  Why  in  blood  instead  of  peace  and  mercy  ?  Or, 
if  your  philanthropy  must  be  exercised,  why  not  begin  with 
"your  moral  suasion,"  your  bowie-knives,  your  Sharpe's  rifles, 
and  blood-shed  in  Africa,  the  parent  country,  where  the  field 
is  wider  and  the  harvest  ripe  ?  But,  sir,  turn  in  at  home  and 
look  upon  yourself — cleanse  first  the  lazar-house  of  your  great 
eastern  cities  before  you  begin  the  work  of  reform  in  Ken- 
tucky and  Virginia  ;  and  when  your  work  is  finished  at  home, 
if  not  partial  to  color,  we  would  invite  your  philanthropic  ef- 
forts to  Asia,  where  there  are  four  hundred  millions  more  de- 
graded than  the  African  of  your  own  country.  Why  excite 
men  to  fanatical  deeds  which  must  destroy  both  their  country 
and  themselves  ? 

The  South  can  and  will  make  an  alliance  with  either  Eng- 
land or  France,  commercial  or  political,  oS"ensive  and  defen- 
sive, and  in  either  case  it  will  be  utter  ruin  to  New  England 
and  the  manufacturing  States.  If  with  England,  your  tariff 
system  (which  has  ever  been  oppressive  to  the  South)  will  be 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  65 

broken  like  a  rope  of  sand  and  scattered  to  the  winds,  and 
you  come  at  once  in  collision  with  your  ancient  competitor 
without  protection,  and  yourmanufactories  must  be  destroyed. 
And  far  worse  would  it  be  for  you,  for  us,  and  the  whole  civ- 
ilized world,  if  that  alliance  should  be  made  with  France,  for 
then  the  cotton,  the  sugar,  aud  all  the  products  of  the  South- 
ern States  would  be  landed  at  Havre  and  purchased  at  a  much 
higher  rate,  and  Old  England  and  New  England  would  see 
the  hand-writing  on  the  wall. 

Think  you,  that  most  sagacious  and  wily  monarch  of  the 
French,  would  not  see  the  way  open  to  crush  the  commerce 
and  manufactories  of  England,  and  make  her  feel  that  she  is 
ilcpendcnt  upon  her  ancient  enemy  ;  possibly  feci  the  tread 
uf  the  iron  wheel  of  war.  This  opportunity  offered  to  Louis 
Napoleon,  and  we  should  see  three  thousand  Frenchmen  quar- 
tered at  New  Orleans  and  at  the  (^hcsapeake,  and  the  South 
would  command  the  Mississippi  Valley  and  whip  Ohio,  Indi- 
ana, and  Illinois  into  her  Southern  Confederacy.  At  the 
mouth  of  the  Ohio  would  be  a  toll-gate  for  the  entire  pro- 
ducts of  this  wide  and  fertile  country,  while  our  railroad 
bridges  would  be  burned  and  the  tracks  of  every  quarter 
would  be  snapped  like  a  spider's  web  by  the  hurricane  of  civ- 
il war.  And  while  the  strife  between  England  and  Franco 
is  impending  for  the  mastery  of  both  sea  and  land,  (but  for 
the  abolitionist  and  negro)  would  be  the  scene  of  civil  war, 
the  most  deadly  of  all  wars — knife  to  knife,  face'^to  face,  steel 
to  steel,  brother  against  brother,  father  against  son,  mother 
against  child,  and  this  fair  land  would  bleed  at  every  pore. 
IJetter  far  that  the  whole  African  race  should  be  annihilated, 
and  all  the  silly  white  race  destroyed,  and  our  Union  and  lib- 
erties perpetuated. 

If  the  course  that  has  been  so  wickedly  and  willfully  pur- 
sued by  the  fanatics  of  tlje  North  is  continued,  the  result 
will  be  as  I  have  portrayed  it,  and  your  wailing  for  your  fall- 
en country  will  come  too  late.  Pale-faced  poverty  and  dis- 
may will  stare  you  in  the  face  at  every  corccr.  Your  man- 
ufactories will  cease  and  your  starving  thousands  will  fly  to  a 
more  productive  and  less  fanatical  laud  for  bread.  But  should 
the  South  be  unable  to  make  an  alliance  with  either  England 
or  France,  think  you  she  will  tamely  submit  to  Northern  in- 
sult and  domination  ?  No,  never.  She  will  command  the 
commerce  of  the  Mississippi  river  and  its  tributaries,  and 
should  the  North,  after  years  of  bloodshed,  be  successful  in 


66  CONFEDERATE   MONITOR 

the  contest,  it  will  cost  the  North  more  than  the  price  of  all 
the  negroes  twice  told  to  possess  the  land  and  life  of  every 
white  man  that  has  a  soul.  The  South  for  a  thousand  miles 
holds  the  outlets  of  the  Father  of  Waters,  and  will  dye  them 
and  its  swamps  with  the  blood  of  thousands,  both  sons  of  the 
soil  and  its  enemies.  While  there  is  a  Lucifer  match  to  burn' 
your  bridges,  or  a  stone  or  a  log  to  obstruct  your  commerce, 
the  vengeance  of  the  foe  at  midnight  will  be  upon  you.  In 
turn,  you  can  do  much  to  desolate  and  destroy ;  but  you  can- 
not damn  up  the  Mississippi  nor  dip  it  dry.  Swamp  foxes  will 
be  upon  you  at  every  bayou,  and  even  the  alligators  will  be 
your  enemies. 

Pause,  then,  sir,  and  lift  the  veil  of  the  future,  which  is  ] 
just  before  you,  and  stay  the  fanatical  hand  now  lifted  to 
strike.  If  you  do  not,  like  Macbeth,  your  own  sleep  will  be 
murdered  and  the  sleep  of  thousands.  You  shall  never  wash 
the  stain  of  the  blood  of  your  relatives  from  your  own  hands, 
the  hands  of  your  wife,  or  the  hands  of  your  sister,  Harriett 
Beecher  Stowe.  Call  around  you  Senator  Seward,  Wendell 
Phillips,  Joshua  Giddings,  and  Fred.  Douglas,  and  visit  your 
first  victim  in  a  lunatic  asylum — Gerritt  Smith,  of  New  York. 
Call  a  prayer  meeting  and  pray  Old  Brown  and  his  confed- 
erates out  of  purgatory,  perhaps  from  hell  where  all  of  you 
should  have  gone  before.  Ask  God  to  forgive  you  for  your 
wickedness,  wash  your  filthy  garments,  go  thy  way  and  sin 
no  longer  against  your  conscience  and  your  country's  consti- 
tution. No  longer  lie  against  nature  and  common  sense,  and 
make  negroes  your  equals,  while  you  will  not  give  your  sons 
in  marriage  and  negro  husbands  for  your  daughters. 

Your  knowledge  of  natural  history  can  but  convince  you 
of  the  truthfulness  of  the  best  authorities,  that  there  is  no 
identity  of  the  origin,  no  equality  in  mental  or  physical  or- 
ganization, and  that  the  negro  has  been  what  he  is  for  four 
thousand  yesrs,  and  will  be  the  same  for  four  thousand  years 
to  come.  The  white  man  has  scarcely  proved  the  problem  of 
self-government:  the  negro  never  has  and  never  can. 

If  your  honor  is  engaged  and  your  conscience  smites  you, 
and  you  find  that  the  records  of  your  country  implicate  both 
Old  and  New  England  in  the  introduction  of  this  unhallowed 
trafific,  who  stole  them  from  Africa  and  sold  them  into  bond- 
age in  the  South  ;  and  you  wish  to  pay  the  purchase  money 
back,  with  the  interest  of  the  debt,  and  do  not  wish  to  steal 
and  sell  them  again,  we  would  ask,  where  is  the  money  to  pay 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  67 

for  them  ?  Where  the  seven  hundred  millions  to  buy  them  ? 
'  Where  the  three  hundred  millions  to  transport  them  ?  Where 
>  the  money  to  sustain  them  as  a  free  people  ?  Pay  first  the  in- 
terest upon  your  railroad  debt  of  eight  hundred  millions  before 
you  borrow  money  to  buy  negroes.  One  of  these  two  propo- 
sitions must  be  pursued,  either  to  exterminate  the  white  man 
and  give  the  soil  to  the  negro,  or  purchase  and  transport  the 
negro,  either  of  which  is  impracticable.  But  while  you  teach 
them  to  murder  the  white  man,  and  violate  the  white  woman, 
you  will  never  teach  them  the  religion  of  Jesus  Christ,  with 
all  your  babbling  preachers.  The  boast  of  the  people  of  the 
North  that  they  can  overrun  the  South  is  a  bravado.  In  ev- 
ery mountain  pass  they  will  meet  a  Jackson,  a  Taylor,  or  a 
'_,  Leonidas,  and  a  Marion  in  every  swamp.  The  "Swamp  Fox" 
'  of  the  Pedee  and  Santee  of  Carolina  was  never  conquered, 
but  defeated  the  armies  of  the  then  most  powerful  nation  on 
the  globe.  They  will  say  to  you,  come;  thrust  in  your  Nor- 
thern sickle,  and  your  harvest  shall  be  death  ;  you  shall  meet 
foemcn  worthy  of  your  steel,  to  the  last  of  their  blood  and 
their  breath. 

My  dear  sir,  you  mistake  the  position   of   the   North  and 
I  yourself — neither  your  moral  suasion  nor  your  Sharpc's  rifle 
.   can  subdue  or  terrify  the  people  of  the  South — you  look  thro' 
a  medium  that  magnifies  yourselves,  while  it  diminishes  oth- 
ers.    Allow  me  to  draw  the  picture.     The  great  mass  of  man- 
•   kind  who  appear  upon  the  stage  of  human   life,   seem  to  be 
born  but  to  eat,  to  drink,   to  propagate   their  specie>^  and  to 
die.     Both  lord  and  vassal,  nobleman  and  peasant,  king  and 
^  subject,  though  widely  separated  in  life  sleep  on  the  same  pal- 
let of  death.     After  the  surprise  of  youth  and  ioexperience  is 
over,  they  loiter  on  earth  or  burst  like  bubbles  on  the  sea  of 
matter,  or  flirt  like  butterflies  from  sweet  to  sweet,  from  flow- 
er to  flower,  and  then  disappear  forever.     If  born  to  position 
or  occupy  oflice  they  arc  viewed  in  their  elevation,  because 
of  their  wickedness  and  crime,  and  are  as  odious  as  they  are 
conspicuous.     But  some  claim  a  diviner  right  made  under  a 
hiijhcr  lav:,  sent  as  Rabbi,  teachers  from   God,  to   dictate  the 
will  of  Heaven,  who  abide  neither  the  laws  of  men  nor  the 
constitution  of  their  country,  whose  puritanical  cant  and  hy- 
pocrisy make  them  odious  to  every  sensible  and  honest  mind. 
They  may  be  ministers,  indeed,  but  not  ministers  of  the 
religion  of  Christ,  but  of  divine   vengeance,   who  sometimes 
destroy  not  only  themselves  but  the  people  to  whom  they 


68  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

preach.  To  this  latter  class,  Mr.  Beecher,  allow  me  to  say,  [ 
think  you  belong.  Your  slender  virtues  are  so  mixed  up  with 
arrogance,  impudence  and  crime,  that  the  most  acute  analysis 
could  not  discover  one  grain  of  honesty  in  the  composition  ; 
and  if  God's  grace  can  save  the  sinner,  the  selfish  hypocrite, 
the  winged  messenger  of  Mercy  would  never  light  on  as  mean 
a  thing  as  you.  Again,  we  have  men  who  seem  to  be  created 
for  a  higher  purpose — sent  on  important  business,  sent  to  des- 
olate and  destroy,  or  to  create,  to  build  up  and  sustain,  men 
not  living  for  themselves  as  you  do,  but  for  the  whole  human 
race  ;  whose  lives  are  the  ornaments  which  adorn  the  age  in 
which  they  live.  If  they  appear  either  in  public  or  private 
life  the  places  they  occupy  are  radiant  with  the  glory  of  their  j 
acts ;  men  who  arc  stars  and  suns  in  the  pathway  of  life,  to  i 
cheer,  to  guide,  and  to  save.  Not  a  few  have  adorned  your 
profession,  sir ;  some  have  adorned  mine.  But  the  most  mark- 
ed and  distinguished  men  of  the  past  age  were  Washington, 
Jefferson,  Madison,  Patrick  Henry,  Calhoun,  Clay,  and  Web- 
ster, most  of  whom  were  born  in  that  State  which  you  would 
desolate,  and  under  institutions  which  you  profess  to  despise. 
Such  men  are  holy  fathers  of  the  church  to  which  I  belong, 
and  if  sent  to  hell  for  the  enormous  sin  of  slavery  allow  me 
the  privilege  of  choice  to  go  with  them  rather  than  to  the 
heaven  of  the  canting  hypocrites,  whose  every  act  is  to  anath- 
ematize all  but  his  own  dogmas,  and  propagate  error  and 
falsehood  in  every  step  he  takes  in  life.  Such  men,  under 
the  garb  of  religion,  in  every  age  of  the  world^nd  under  ev- 
ery form  of  faith,  have  despoiled  the  fairest  hopes  of  the  hu- 
man race.  Such  men  as  claim  to  be  guided  by  a  ^'-liujlur  hiiv'' 
than  the  constitution  of  this  country,  would  dash  to  pieces 
the  fair  fabric  of  our  country's  liberty,  and  lay  their  unhal- 
lowed, polluted  hands  even  on  the  stones  of  the  very  temple 
of  liberty  ere  they  had  grown  cold  from  the  hands  of  Wash- 
ington and  Jefferson.  Such  men  as  you,  sir,  would  see  the 
waves  of  human  passion  in  a  storm  sweep  over  the  ruins  of 
the  lighthouse  of  the  world  reared  upon  time's  thousand  miles 
of  coast  by  the  toil  of  millions  of  the  just,  the  virtuous,  and 
the  wise,  at  whose  base  lie  the  brains  and  skulls  of  the  fanat- 
ical gulls  that  have  dashed  against  it.  And,  sir,  if  such  men 
go  to  heaven  they  should  carry  with  them  every  creeping- 
thing.  Such  men  would  plot  treason  again'^t  virtue,  and  sac- 
rifice even  female  honor  upon  the  altar  of  their  hellish  de- 
signs.    I  do    not  covet  such  a  heaven — have  no  desire  to 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  69 

walk  the  streets  of  your  New  Jerusalem,  where  I  am  to  be 
saluted  by  the  whistle  of  the  rattlesnake  and  the  hiss  of  the 
viper,  and  breathe  the  atmosphere  poisoned  by  the  breath  of 
tlie  toad  and  the  copperhead. 

This  may  be  heaven  for  hypocrites  and  fanatics,  but  not 
for  me.  Many  years  have  passed  since  I  knew  you  sir,  an 
impudent  boy,  and  having  added  wickedness  to  impudence, 
you  have  become  a  more  conspicuous  man,  while  my  obscuri- 
ty will  scarcely  bring  me  to  mind.  I  have  wielded  the  knife 
in  surgery  for  a  profession,  and  whether  I  have  won  laurels 
or  not,  my  history  and  my  profession  must  show.  But,  sir, 
this  much  will  I  say  to  you,  that  when  my  country  is  destroy- 
ed by  heartless  fanatics,  excited  to  deeds  of  bloodshed,  the 
-  knife  which  has  never  been  turned  on  the  human  family  but 
Mn  kindness  and  mercy  shall  be  keenly  whet  injustice  and  in 
vengeance.  My  last  surgical  operation  shall  be  performed  on 
such  destroying  monsters,  to  cut  from  their  hearts  the  rooted 
cancer,  and  rid  the  world  of  such  canting  hypocrites.  I  am, 
sir,  a  Huguenot  Protestant  of  the  Marion  stock,  the  Le  Grand 
family  of  France,  my  immediate  ancestors  by  my  mother. 
My  father  descended  from  a  race  of  Scots  that  have  never 
been  conquered,  of  the  Campbell  clan,  and  Rob  Roy  was 
'f  MY  COUSIN.  I  have  never  bought,  or  sold,  or  stolen,  or  own- 
.  od  a  negro;  I  am  a  Kentuckian,  born  among  slaves,  and  no 
Judas  shall  sell  my  country  for  silver,  but  he  shall  receive 
steel  instead.  I  am  a  friend  of  the  constitution  and  of  the 
rights  of  the  States,  and  an  enemy  of  all  disturbers  of  my 
country's  peaci;,  and,  therefore,  I  am  f/our  enemy. 

JOS.  N.  McDOWELJ.,  M.  1). 
I'lofessor  of  Snrfjferj/  in  the  Medical  Collie  oj   Mis^^ouri. 


THE  MYSTERY  OF  NEGROrHILISM. 

Undei-  this  caption,  the  New  York  "  Times  "  publishes  the 
following  editorial — a  very  remarkable  emanation  from  a 
Journal  which  has  devoted  its  influence  to  the  cultivation  of 
negrophilism  : 

"  Of  all  the  topics  now  engaging  the  thoughts  of  Gods  and 
men,  the  American  negro  is  unquestionably  the  chief  Fi-om 
the  lowest  *  I'^ce  in  the  scale  of  human  existence,  he'  has 
reached  the  highest;  '•.liJ.  even  yet  the  interest  in  him  seems 


70  COl^PEDERATE   MONlTOIt 

unabated.  To  what  new  honors  he  is  reserved — to  what  re- 
markable career  he  is  predestined — it  would  be  a  rash 
prophet  that  would  attempt  to  foretell.  But  the  evidences 
are  abundant  that  he  is  the  central  figure  of  the  nations — the 
unit  of  existence  around  which  the  "  rest  of  mankind"  parade 
themselves  as  mere  ciphers. 

"It  would  be  hard  to  tell  whence  this  extraordinary  interest 
in  the  negro  has  come.  It  does  not  arise  from  his  beauty,  | 
for  no  writer  on  assthetics  has  evei  pretended  to  find  either 
beauty  or  grace  in  the  shambling  African.  It  can  not  be 
because  of  his  illustrious  or  romantic  history,  as  a  race  or  as 
a  nation ;  for  classic  literature  is  extremely  barren  of  the 
records  of  orators,  statesmen,  philosophers  or  warriors,  of 
negro  origin.  It  can  not  be  because  of  any  physical  affinity 
between  the  white  race  and  the  black,  for  the  black  has  al- 
ways been  declared  unsavory,  and  naturally  beset  by  lazi- 
ness and  vermin.  And,  lastly,  it  can  not  be  because  of  the 
sympathy  of  the  whites  with  a  weak,  down-trodden,  and  en- 
slaved race ;  for  the  negro  of  Africa,  (from  which  the  Ameri- 
can negro  was  taken,  is  weaker  to-day,  and  more  oppressed, 
and  nearer  a  barbarian  cannibal,  than  his  American  cousin 
has  ever  been,  and  yet  no  Anglican  Dutchees,  nor  American 
Greely,  is  ever  heard  wailing  over  the  sorrows  of  the  sons  of 
Ashantee. 

The  passion  for  the  American  negro  must  be  considered, 
therefore,  entirely  abnormal — a  phenomenon  which  was  de- 
fined once  by  a  Western  pioneer,  as  "  something  that  never 
had  happened  before,  and  never  would  happen  again."  The 
African  in  America  is  an  exotic — he  is  a  hot-house  plant,  and, 
like  all  exotics,  he  is  valued  just  in  proportion  to  the  care 
required  in  his  cultivation — the  intrinsic  value  of  the  plant 
never  being  considered  at  all,  and  our  people  nurse  him  in 
their  hot-house  as  though  Africa  were  not  teeming  with  mil- 
lions like  him — like  him,  truly,  but  with  a  thousand  attrac-. 
tive  variations  :  negroes  that  hunt  negroes,  that  buy  negroes, 
that  sell  negroes,  that  kill  negroes,  and  that  eat  negroes  ;  ne- 
groes that  go  naked  through  life,  and  negroes  that  clothe 
Iheir  shame  with  beads  on  their  necks  and  rings  on  their 
fingers.  Three  hundred  years  ago  we  got  our  Africans  from 
that  unfortunate  Continent  which,  Mr.  Seward  once  very 
aptly  said,  "  nature  had  fortified  against  civilization."  We 
took  them  naked  into  our  land,  and  lo  !  they  have  come  in 
the  end  to  clothe  the  whole  world.    *    *    It  is  surprising  that 


n 

the  Southern  States  wish  to  keep  what  other  countries  deem 
so  valuable,  and  are  trying  so  hard  to  get.  Has  not  the 
South  taught  the  world  the  value  of  African  labor,  and  is 
not  mankind  better  off  to-day  than  if  this  discovery  had  never 
been  made  ? 

"These  speculations,  however,  are  profitless.  What  is 
there  about  our  American  negro  that  recommends  him  to 
the  absorbing  and  passionate  attention  of  the  world  1  Why 
are  many  thousands  fanatics  about  him,  and  more  thousands 
fools  about  him  ?  Is  it  possible  that  black  is  the  primeval 
and  regal  color  of  the  race — that  Adam  was  a  black  man  as 
well  as  Cain  and  Abel,  and  that  Cain  turned  white  only  when 
caught  in  crime  and  driven  out  to  be  a  vagabond  on  the 
earth?  This,  we  know,  is  the  faith  of  the  dusky  Gospellers 
of  the  South,  and,  doubtless,  they  are  rejoicing  to  see  the 
day  returning  when  Heaven's  favor  will  triumph  over  the 
white  man's  crime,  and  the  black  man  will  again  gather  fruits 
in  tropical  Edens,  untroubled  by  visions  of  shovel  or  hoe." 


YANKEE  MISTAKES  IN  REGARD  TO  THE  SOUTH. 

The  following  communication,  dated  New  Orleans,  July 
19,  1862,  appeared  in  the  Boston  "  Courier"  : 

**  We  have  been  laboring  under  certain  grave  errors  in 
respect  to  this  rebellion,  which  it  is  high  time  were  corrected. 

"  We  have  supposed  there  was  a  Union  party  in  the  South. 
There  is  none. 

^    "  We  have  supposed  the  rebellion  oould  be  quelled  in  this 
campaign.     It  must  last  for  years. 

"  We  have  supposed  half  a  million  of  troops  were  suffi- 
cient to  subjugate  the  revolted  States.  It  will  require  at 
least  a  million  and  a  half. 

"  This  is  the  most  serious  of  all  our  errors — this  constant- 
ly undervaluing  the  strength  of  the  enemy,  and  over  estima- 
ting our  own  strength.  The  time  has  arrived  when  we 
must  come  up  to  the  strengtR  of  our  endeavor.  Not  a  man 
less  than  a  million  and  a  half  will  be  necessary.  We  must 
at  once  take  measures  to  raise  this  number  of  troops,  or  the 
contest  will  be  prolonged  indefinitely. 

"  We  have  supposed  that  after  subduing  the  rebels,  a 
small  force  would  suflice  to  enforce  obedience  to  the  law. 
Such  may  be  the  case  twenty  years  hence,  but  for  the  pres- 


72  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

ent,  say  for  the  next  ten  years,  we  shall  want  a  standing : 
army  of  not  less  than  three  hundred  thousand  men  to  pre- 
serve order  in  the  South.  The  people  literally  hate  us. 
The  women  teach  hatred  to  their  children.  The  clergy 
preach  hatred  from  the  pulpit.  The  growing  generation  will 
be  even  more  embittered  against  us  than  the  present.  No- 1 
thing  but  force  can  keep  the  country.  For  this  purj)Osc,  my 
estimate  of  three  hundred  thousand  men  is  moderate. 

"  One  great  source  of  the  fatal  errors  we  have  committed, 
is  the  delusive  statements  furnished  to  the  press.     Here,  we  J 
are  compelled  to  suppress  the  truth  to  prevent  its  injurious  ^ 
influence  on  our  troops     At  home  it  is  otherwise. 

"  If  the  people  were  apprised  of  all  the  facts  in  the  case,  j 
their  patriotism  would  be  equal  to  the  emergency,  and  we  I 
could  take  the  field  next  fall  with  the  million  and  a  half,  ^ 
without  which  we  can  not  expect  success. 

"  It  is  most  important  they  should  know  the  truth,  and 
the  whole  truth." 

Since  then,  the  combined  forces  of  Pope,  McClellan  and 
liurnside  have  been  defeated  with  great  slaughter  upon  the 
Plains  of  Manassas,  and  forced  to  betake  themselves,  with 
shattered  and  decimated  ranks,  to  their  entrenchments  and 
fortifications  at  Washington. 


FOUR  HUNDRED  THOUSAND  MEN  ALREADY  BURIED  BEING 
•     THE  LOSS  IN  THE  NORTHERN  ARMIES  FOR  THE  FIRSTS 
YEAR  AND  A  HALE  OF  THE  WAR. 


LAMATION    DENOUNCED. 


A  meeting  was  held  at  the  Democratic  head-quarters  in 
New  York,  at  which  about  one  thousand  persons  were  pres- 
ent. Tlon.  James  Brooks,  of  the  New  York  Express,  first 
addressed  the  meeting.  After  denouncing  the  emancipation 
proclamation  : 

He  then  spoke  of  the  second  proclamation,  saying  to  thft 
people,  If  you  aqitate  this  subject  you  shall  be  put  in  Fort 
[.aFayettc      ("Let   them  try   it."     Laughter.)     It   was  a 


73 

proper  corollary  on  the  first.  The  provost  marshal  (hisses) 
of  the  State  or  city  of  New  York,  is  made  the  judge  of  our 
loyalty,  and  any  person's  enmity  may  obtain  the  incarcera 
tion  of  any  one  of  us.  There  are  two  points  in  the  procla 
mation.  The  first  is,  the  suspension  of  civil  and  the  estab- 
lishment of  martial  law,  and  the  second  is,  the  suspension  of 
the  Habeas  Corpus. 

That  right  which  our  English  fathers  have  had  since  the 
(lark  ages,  is  annulled  by  a  proclamation,  and  citizens  are 
arrested  without  knowing  why  or  wherefore.  (Infamous.) 
Never,  never,  did  the  revolutionary  fathers,  who  struck 
bright  and  free  the  sparks  of  liberty,  delegate  such  power  to 
the  Executive.  Could  they  tell  that  for  his  speech  he  should 
not  be  in  Fort  LaFayctte  to-morrow.  (No.  no.)  If  it  was 
not  a  period  of  war,  we  should  have  no  hesitancy  in  saying, 
"  Resistance  to  tyrants  is  obedience  to  God."  (Tremendous 
applause.)  The  ballot-box  is  the  remedy.  Form  huge  pro- 
cessions, bearing  the  red  cap  of  liberty,  and  protest,  beg,  and 
implore,  a  return  of  our  liberties.  (You're  right.)  Kead 
t  he  Constitution  of  the  United  States,  securing  to  every  man 
freedom  of  speech,  trial  by  jury,  and  protection  in  his  per- 
son and  property.     (Cheers.) 

lie  did  not  propose  ever  to  give  up  the  Constitution,  or 
surrender  to  the  rebels.  (Applause.)  But  he  proposed  to 
carry  on  the  war  on  a  different  principle,  and  taking  a  sword 
in  the  right  hand  and  the  Constitution  in  the  left,  and  save 
the  country  through  the  Constitution.  (Cheers)  He  would 
surround  the  rebels,  and  leave  treason  to  sting  itself  to  death. 
This  geographical  idea  of  overruiming  the  Southern  territory 
with  unacclimated  Northern  men,  is  a  theory  the  most  fatal. 
He  abhorred  secession  and  abolition  equally.  Jeff*.  Davis 
was  a  rebel  only  two  years  old  ;  Wendell  Phillips  is,  by  his 
own  confession,  a  rebel  twenty  years  old.  (Applause.) — 
With  the  exception  of  the  little  Republic  of  San  Marino  on 
a  peak  of  the  Appenines,  we  are  the  only  Republic  now  in 
existence,  and  we  are  working  out  the  grand  problem.  Ty- 
rants in  Europe  are  using  all  their  power  to  subvert  our 
principles.  More  than  ever  now  is  it  necessary  to  impress 
upon  the  Northern  mind,  that  "  Liberty,  liberty,  liberty  and 
Union,  now  and  forever,  are  one  and  inseparable."  (Cheers.) 

Mr.  Schenable,  who  was  imprisoned  in  Fort  LaFayette, 
then  addressed  the  meeting. 

Mr.  Lincoln,  he  said,  will  be  supported  by  all  when  he 
4 


"74  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

acts  Constitutionally.  (Applause.)  We  have  already  bu- 
ried 400,000  men  or  more,  and  saddled  the  country  with  a 
debt  nearly  equal  to  Great  Britain's.  There  was  a  time 
when,  if  a  few  men  had  been  treated  for  their  attempts  at 
destroying  the  labor  and  peace  of  this  country,  as  loyal  men 
have  since  been  treated,  be  imprisoned,  this  might  have  been 
prevented.  (Applause.)  The  clap-trap  knavery  of  the  Sec- 
retary of  State  is  double-tongued,  like  the  serpent.  When 
he  utters  anything,  he  shapes  it  in  such  a  way  that,  if  the 
party  he  belongs  to  turns  a  back  somerset  to-morrow,  he 
can  swear  just  as  w^ell  by  his  interpretation,  as  he  can  by 
the  position  of  the  party  to  day.  When  imprisoned  in  Fort 
LaFayette,  he  was  offered  his  freedom  on  condition  of  taking 
a  certain  oath,  which  closed  as  follows  :  "  And  you  do  fur- 
ther swear  that  you  will  never,  by  writing  or  public  speak- 
ng,  throw  any  obstacles  in  the  w^ay  of  whatever  measures 
this  Administration  may  see  fit  to  adopt."  (Laughter  and 
hisses.)  He  refused  to  take  that  oath.  (Great  applause.) 
The  time  is  coming  when  he  would  revenge  himself. — 
(Cheers.)  Remember  that  free  speech  will  not  be  crushed. 
("  No,  never.")  Imprisonment  may  begin  again,  but  at  last 
we  will  be  triumphant.  Men  must  depend  upon  public  ora- 
tors and  the  public  press,  and  they  must  judge  how  near 
they  are  right.  God  Almighty  himself,  when  amid  the  dark- 
ness of  chaos  He  laid  the  stagnant  w^aters  in  order,  said, 
"  Let  there  be  light."  (Applause.)  And  now,  amidst  the 
moral,  and  civil,  and  political  chaos  of  our  country,  let  the 
battle-cry  of  the  Democracy  be,  "  Let  there  be  light." — 
(Cheers.)  If  the  free  Northern  white  man  is  to  lose  his  lib- 
erty in  the  atrocious  effort  to  make  the  descendant  of  Ham 
his  equal,  then  it  is  high  time  that  we  begin  to  investigate 
whether  the  teachings  of  the  party  which  is  bringing  about 
this  damnable  result,  are  right  or  wrong.  The  doctrine  an- 
nounced by  Simon  Cameron,  the  great  Winnebeg  plunderer, 
who  has  robbed  the  Government  coffers  more  than  any  crim- 
inal that  ever  disgraced  the  annals  of  a  court  of  justice,  as 
the  only  plan  by  which  he  could  save  his  ill-gotten  gains, 
was  the  obliteration  of  State  lines  and  the  elevation  of  a  man 
of  perpetual  power,  like  the  arbitary  Louis  Napoleon,  or 
some  one  backed  up  by  the  Abolitionists,  like  that  mon- 
strous jackass,  John  Charles  Fremont.  (Laughter  and  ap- 
plause.) The  experience  of  history  teaches  us  that  whenever, 
from  generation  to  generation,  you  bend  the  knee  of  the  la- 


75 

boring  classes  of  a  country  to  a  power  beyond  their  reach, 
in  a  little  while  the  child,  following  the  parent's  example, 
adopts  the  genufluction  and  subniits,  until  at  length  the 
chains  are  bound  upon  it  without  any  chance  of  breaking. — 
It  is  almost  the  history  of  poor  Ireland.  It  is  the  natural 
effect  of  the  operations  of  tyranny. — Sept.,  1862. 


\ 


EUROPEAN  OPINION  OF  BUTLER'S  PROCLAMATION. 

The  following,  from  a  very  influential  London  Journal,  is 
one  of  the  severest  invectives  upon  the  conduct  of  Butler, 
the  Beast,  that  we  have  seen.  In  this  country  we  have  be- 
come so  accustomed  to  the  diabolical  courses  of  the  enemy, 
that  our  sensibilities  are  perhaps  a  little  blunted,  and  we 
may  sometimes  foil  to  do  justice  to  the  occasion.  This  Eng- 
lish writer,  however,  does  not  fail  to  see  Butler's  late  order 
in  its  true  light,  and  to  denounce  it  as  it  deserves  : 

From  the  London  Saturday  Revie>s',  June  14. 
GEN.  BENJAMIN  F.  BUTLER. 

The  proclamation  of  Gen.  Butler,  at  New  Orleans,  has 
been  read  in  England  with  a  horror  which  no  other  event  in 
this  deplorable  civil  war  has  created.  The  attention  it  has 
excited  in  Parliament  inadequately  represents  the  general 
feeling  of  indignation  among  us.  It  is  difficult  to  conceive 
that  a  civilized  man  can  have  written  it,  or  that  civilized  nian 
can  have  been  found  to  carry  it  out.  This  is  not  a  genera- 
tion in  which  men  shudder  at  the  ordinary  horrors  and  bru- 
talities of  war.  The  experience  of  the  last  ten  years  has 
taught  us,  as  actors,  as  sufferer?,  and  as  bystanders,  that  war 
is  not  made  of  rose-water.  It  is  hard  to  set  a  limit  to  the 
horrors  which  rough,  uneducated  men,  with  their  passions 
strung  to  the  highest  point,  will  commit  in  the  first  revelry 
of  success.  But  such  excesses  have  been  usually  confined 
to  the  first  sack  of  a  stormed  town — and  they  have  always, 
among  civilized  nations,  been  the  result,  not  of  a  command- 
er's order,  but  of  the  ungovernable  brute  impulses  of  the 
men.  They  have  been  always  checked  and  disavowed  by 
commanding  officers,  not  only  as  demoralizing  to  their  troops, 
but  as  a  blot  upon  the  flags  under  which  they  were  commit- 
ted.    In  dealing  with  women,  even  the  sternest  commanders 


76  CONFEDERATE   MONITOR 

have,  as  a  rule,  been  gentle.  No  conqueror  but  has  had  to 
face  their  unarmed  hostility,  all  the  bitterer  and  bolder  that 
it  was  secure  of  impunity.  In  some  cases  it  may  have  been 
firmly  though  mildly  checked — in  most  instances  it  has  been 
contemptuously  passed  by.  Banishment  from  the  places 
where  their  expressions  of  opinion  might  be  embarrassing, 
has  usually  been  the  extremest  measure  of  rigor  to  which 
they  have  been  exposed.  Occasionally,  the  animosity  of 
some  peculiarly  brutal  officer  has  hurried  him  beyond  this 
limit,  and  he  has  inflicted  upon  women  the  punishments  that 
are  reserved  for  men.  Such  an  instance  was  the  well-known 
case  of  Haynau.  But  the  execrations  of  all  Europe  spurned 
the  perpetrator  of  that  outrage,  and  rest  upon  his  name  even 
to  this  day.  Yet  his  offense  against  humanity  was  light, 
compared  to  that  of  which  Gen.  Butler  has  Ijeen  guilty.  He 
outraged  but  one  victim,  and  his  cruelty  left  no  stain  upon 
her  fame.  No  commander  of  any  civilized  nation  in  the 
world,  up  to  this  time,  has  carried  his  contempt  for  manly 
feeling  so  far,  as  deliberately,  for  the  purposes  of  repression, 
long  after  the  excitement  of  battle  was  over,  to  let  loose  the 
lusts  of  men  upon  the  women  who  had  fallen  into  his  hands. 
In  this,  as  in  other  matters,  the  Model  Republic  has  been 
the  bearer  of  a  new  revelation  to  mankind.  The  Northern- 
ers are  fond  of  boasting  that  they  have  to  deal  with  a  larger 
civil  war  than  ever  before  in  history,  started  into  being  in 
the  course  of  a  single  year,  and  that  they  have  made  them- 
selves liable  for  a  larger  debt  than  any  other  State  ever  con- 
tracted in  ten  times  the  same  period.  To  thesejust  subjects 
of  exultation,  they  may  now  add  the  gratifying  reflection  that 
they  have  by  far  the  most  ruffianly  commander  the  world 
ever  saw  or  dreamed  of.  If  any  thing  can  add  to  the  atroci- 
ty of  Gen.  Butler's  proclamation,  it  is  the  slenderness  of  the 
provocation  that  called  it  forth.  Even  if  the  ladies  of  New 
Orleans  had  been  detected  conspiring  in  favor  of  the  cause 
for  which  their  husbands  and  brothers  are  fighting,  it  would 
have  left  an  indellible  infamy  upon  his  name,  that  he  had 
attempted  to  punish  them  by  subjecting  them  to  the  foulest 
dishonor  a  woman  can  undergo.  But  they  have  not  been 
punished  for  conspiring.  Their  only  offense  has  been  that, 
"  by  gesture  or  word,  they  have  expressed  contempt  for  Fed- 
eral officers  and  soldiers."  The  Federal  officers  appear  to 
to  be  thin-skinned  in  the  war  of  words — they  find  it  an  une- 
qual combat. 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  77 

The  sarcasms  of  quick-witted  French  women,  reinforced, 
possibly,  by  the  sugcjestion  of  their  own  consciences,  have 
made  them  feel  more  keenly  than  they  had  felt  before,  the 
blood-thirsty  hypocrisy  of  their  leaders.  They  feel  even 
that  derisive  smiles  are  more  than  they  can  bear.  If  they 
are  to  continue  to  fight  only  with  the  same  weapons,  they 
arc  conscious  that  they  may  as  well  retire  from  the  field  al- 
together. But  they  have  a  weapon  sharper  than  words,  more 
cutting  than  sneering  glances.  They  have  an  instrument  in 
their  armory  which  can  tame  the  most  taunting  tongue,  and 
quell  the  proudest  Moman's  heart. 

Physically,  they  are  the  strongest,  and  therefore  it  is  al- 
ways in  their  power  to  inflict  dishonor — that  dishonor  to 
which  every  woman  is  liable — of  which  no  words  can  meas- 
ure the  hideous  depth,  and  which  no  later  reparation  can  ef- 
face. True,  it  is  a  kind  of  revenge  which  no  man  above  the 
rank  of  a  savage  would  employ.  But  what  of  thati  The 
Federals  have  already  shown  to  the  world  that  they  have  a 
special  interpretation  of  the  word  Freedom,  as  well  as  of  the 
word  Bravery.  It  only  remains  for  them  to  show  that  they 
have  also  a  special  interpretation  of  the  word  Honor.  And 
it  will  be  a  sweet  re-payment  for  all  the  insults  they  have 
endured,  to  hear  the  taunting  accents  change  into  sobs  of  de- 
spairing supplication — to  see  the  disdainful  cheek  mantled 
with  the  blush  of  hopeless,  helpless  shame.  Accordingly, 
Gen.  Butler  issues  his  edict — "Any  lady  who  ihall,  by  word 
or  gesture,  express  contempt  of  any  Federal  officer  or  sol- 
dier," shall  be  liable,  without  protection  or  redress,  to  be 
treated  as  common  prostitutes  are  treated.  Gen.  Butler 
spares  us  the  details  of  that  treatment — for  the  Americans 
are  a  very  decent  people.  He  is,  no  doubt,  fully  conscious 
that  the  insulted  officers  and  men  will  need  no  special  in- 
structions. It  may  be  said  this  is  no  afiair  of  ours,  and  that 
if  Gen.  Butler  and  his  officers  choose  to  treat  the  ladies  of  a 
city  they  have  conquered,  as  Alaric's  soldiers  treated  the 
nuns  of  Rome,  or  as  the  Sepoys  are  said  to  havo  treated  our 
countrymen  at  Delhi,  it  does  not  concern  us  in  England. — 
It  may  be  so.  At  least  our  indignation  and  our  sympathy 
must  be  alike  barren  of  practical  result.  We  may  be  told, 
as  we  have  been  told  before,  that  if  we  censure  Americans 
with  the  freedom  we  have  been  wont  to  use  towards  Eng- 
lishmen, we  shall  embitter  a  powerful  nation  against  our 
country,  that  we  shall  be  sowing  seed  of  hatred  that  we  shall 


78  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

reap  in  war.  It  is  very  possible.  If  generals  in  supreme 
command  are  so  thin-skinned,  that,  to  suppress  a  sarcasm  or 
a  gibe,  they  are  content  to  perpetrate  an  outrage  to  which 
the  history  of  modern  warfare  can  present  no  parallel,  it  is 
likely  enough  that  they  may  wince  at  the  out-spoken  lan- 
guage in  which  English  politicians  and  English  journalists  re- 
cord their  judgment  against  deeds  of  infamy.  Yet  it  has  not 
been  the  habit  of  those  who  guide  opinion  here  to  modify 
their  censures  of  wrong  on  account  of  the  sensitiveness  or 
the  power  of  the  wrong  doer.  The  cruelty  of  Minsk,  the 
horrors  of  the  Neapolitan  prisons,  the  threatened  bombard- 
ment of  Palermo — all  called  forth  a  prompt  and  powerful 
reprobation  from  English  writers  and  speakers.  But  none 
of  these  outrages  will  leave  upon  those  who  contrived  them 
so  deep  a  stain  as  that  which  this  New  Orleans  proclamation 
fixed  upon  Gen.  Butler's  name.  The  crimes  of  European 
despots  have  either  been  justified  by  some  precedent  of  State 
craft  or  of  war,  or  were  palliated  by  the  barbarism  of  the 
people  among  whom  they  were  committed.  But  this  Re- 
publican proceeding  was  done  among  the  people  for  whom 
their  maudlin  advocates  here  claim  a  special  enlightenment 
and  a  peculiar  courtesy  towards  women,  and  is  justified  by 
no  precedent,  or  vestige  of  precedent,  in  the  horrible  annals 
either  of  despotic  repression  or  warlike  excess.  Tilly  and 
Wallenstein  have  not  left  in  history  a  character  for  exag- 
gerated tenderness — but  no  such  disgrace  as  this  attaches  to 
their  name.  The  late  Grand  Duke  Constantino  was  ,  not  a 
sentimental  Governor.  It  is  said  of  him  that,  on  one  occa- 
sion, he  sent  to  pi-ison  the  husbands  of  all  the  Polish  ladies  of 
rank  who  refused  to  dance  with  Russian  officers  at  a  State 
ball.  But  when  we  come  to  speak  of  guilt  such  as  that  of 
the  Republican  general,  even  Constantine's  blood-stained 
crime  is  spotless.  He  would  have  driven  from  his  presence 
any  officer — if  any  such  European  officer  could  have  been 
found — who  should  have  suggested  to  him  the  decree  that 
the  Polish  Countesses  might  be  treated  as  "  women  of  the 
town."  We  can  do  nothing  in  England  to  arrest  such  pro- 
ceedings. We  can  only  learn  from  them  what  South  America 
might  have  taught  us  already — how  civil  war  can  double  its 
horrors  when  waged  by  a  Government  of  Democratic  origin. 
But,  at  all  events,  we  can  wash  our  hands  of  complicity  in 
this  guilt.  Unless  the  author  of  this  infamous  proclamation 
is  promptly  recalled,  let  us  hear  no  more  of  the  "  ties  that 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  79 

bind  us  to  our  trans- Atlantic  kinsmen."  No  Englishman 
ought  to  own  as  kinsmen,  men  who  attempt  to  protect  them- 
selves from  the  tongues  of  a  handful  of  women,  by  official 
and  authoritative  threats  of  rape.  The  bloodiest  savages 
could  do  nothing  more  cruel — the  most  loathsome  Yahoo  of 
the  fiction  could  do  nothing  more  filthy. 


BUTLER'S  PROCLAMATIOxN. 

BY  PAUL  n.  HAYNE. 


It  is  ordered,  that,  hereafter,  when  any  femalp/Bhall,  by  word,  gesture, 
or  moveiuent,  insult  or  show  contempt' for  anv  officer  or  soldier  of  the 
United  States,  s/ie  ahall  be  regarded  and  held  liable  io  be  treated  as  a  woman 
of  the  toitm  2^^U^ng  her  vocation. — Butler's  order  at  New  Orleans. 

Aye  !  drop  the  treacherous  ma«k!  throw  by 
The  cloak,  -which  veiled  thine  instincts  fell, 

Stand  forth,  thou  base,  incarnate  Lie, 
Stamped  with  the  sinnet  brand  of  Hell ! 

At  last  we  view  thee  as  thou  art, 

A  Trickster  with  a  Demon's  heart. 

Off  with  disguise  !  no  quarter  now 

To  rebel  honor !  thou  wouldst  strike 
Hot  blushes  up  the  anguish  brow. 

And  murder  fame  and  etrergth  alike  : 
Beware!  ten  millions  hearts  allame, 
Will  burn  with  hate  thou  can'st  not  tame ! 

We  know  thee  now !  we  know  thy  Rare! 

Thy  dreadful  purpose  stands  revealed, 
Naked,  before  the  Nation's  face  !— 

Comrades !  let  Mercy's  front  be  sealed, 
While  the  black  Banner  courts  the  wind, 
And  cursed  be  he  Avho  lags  behind ! 

O  !  soldiers ! — husbands,  brothers,  tires ! 

Think  that  each  stalwart  blow  ye  give 
Shall  quench  the  rage  of  lustful  fires, 

And  bid  your  glorious  women  live 
Pure  from  a  wrong  whose  tainted  breath, 
Were  fouler  than  the  foulest  death. 

O  !  soldiers !— lovers.  Christians,  men  ! 

Think  that  each  breeze  that  floats  and  dies 
O'er  the  red  field,  from  mount  or  glen. 

Is  burdened  with  a  maiden's  sighs — 
And  each  false  soul  that  turns  to  flee. 
Consigns  his  Love  to  infamy  ! 

Think  !  and  strike  home !— the  fabled  might 

Of  Titans,  were  a  teeble  power 
To  that  with  which  your  arms  should  smite. 

In  the  next  awful  battle  hour ! 
And  deadlier  than  the  bolts  of  Heaven, 
Should  flash  your  Fury's  fatal  levin ! 


80  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

No  pity  !  let  your  thirsty  brands 
Drink  their  warm  fill  at  Caitiflf  veins  : 

Dip  deep  in  blood  your  wrathful  hands, 
Nor  pause  to  wipe  those  crimson  stains, 

Slay !  Slay !  with  ruthless  sword  and  will — 

The  God  of  vengeance  bids  you  "  kill !  " 

Yea !  but  there's  one  who  shall  not  die 
In  battle  harness!    One  for  whom 

Lurks  in  the  darkness  silently 
Another,  and  a  sterner  Doom ; 

A  warrior's  end  should  crown  tlie  brave — 

For  him,  swift  cord !  and  felon  grave ! 

A  loathsome  chamel  vapors  melt, 
Swept  by  invisible  winds  to  nought, 

So,  may  this  fiend  of  lust  and  guilt. 
Die  like  a  nightmare's  hideous  thought! 

Nought  left  to  mark  the  monster's  name, 

Save — immortality  of  shame ! 


THE  ENEMY  ACKNOWLEDGES  A  SEVERE  WHIPPING. 

THEY  RESORT  TO  LYING  TO  RALLY  THE  MEN. 

^^Bravery  of  the  Rebel  Troops^ 
The  Yankees,  as  will  be  seen  by  the  foHowing,  are  some- 
times compeHed,  against  their  will,  to  tell  the  truth.     The 
subjoined  article,  from  its  special  correspondent,  appeared 
in  the  Cincinnati  "  Inquirer,"  of  August  4th  : 

The  rebel  army  made  two  attacks,  one  from  the  right  and 
one  from  the  left ;  both  were  equally  determined  and  fierce, 
but  the  one  on  the  right  was  by  far  the  shortest  and  the  most 
magnificent.  After  driving  in  our  skirmishers  on  the  right, 
(Company  E,  from  New  Hampshire,  Sharpshooters,)  the 
rebels  shelled  us  terribly.  For  an  hour  it  was  hell  personi- 
fied, but  to  one  who  has  never  been  under  fire  of  batteries, 
shooting  these  most  infernal  of  all  contrivances,  shells,  it  is 
an  utter  waste  of  time  to  attempt  to  convey  a  realizing  sense 
of  what  the  words  "  being  shelled  "  mean.  All  at  once  the 
bombarding  ceased,  and  an  ominous  silence  ensued.  From 
experience  we  knew  what  was  coming,  and  anxiously  gazed 
at  the  woods  to  see  from  what  point  they  would  emerge. — 
Every  nerve  was  braced  for  the  coming  hand  to  hand  deadly 
struggle.  In  a  moment,  as  it  were,  the  woods  on  the  right 
were  filled  with  a  dense  mass  of  human  beings,  and  in  anoth- 
er moment,  a  long,  steady  line  advanced  firmly  and  quickly 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  61 

into  the  open  space.  What  daring  !  AYhat  madness  !  In- 
fantry charging  immense  batteries  at  a  distance  of  half  a 
mile  over  a  level  plain  raked  by  nearly  forty  cannon. — 
Throwing  aside  all  aid  from  their  own  cannon  and  cavalry, 
they  desperately  formed  on  an  open  plain,  and  pitted  them- 
selves against  our  infantry,  cannon  and  cavalry.  It  was  sub- 
lime— and  forgetful  of  all  else  save  their  boundless  courage 
and  daring,  I  swung  my  hat  and  cheered  till  the  tears  ran 
from  my  eyes. 

The  moment  they  hove  in  sight,  twelve  Parrot  guns  and 
'"ur  large  howitzers  begun  the  dreadful  work  of  death  and 

struction ;  covered  with  dust,  whole  companies,  as  it  were, 
L:<»ing  down  at  every  discharge,  the  cannon  playing  quicker 
;iiid  faster;  still  they  closed  up  their  shattered  ranks,  and 
advanced  further  and  further  into  that  awful  arch  of  certain 
dcatli ;  shot  and  shell,  canister  and  grape,  mowed  them  down, 
yet,  firmly  as  ever  did  the  veterans  of  Napoleon,  they  ad- 
vanced and  faltered  not.  Already  the  remnant  had  reached 
s')  near  that  the  loud,  clear  tones  of  the  officers  could  be  dis- 
tinctly heard,  and  the  batteries  seemed  doomed.  Thousands 
wore  killed,  but  hundreds  survived.  The  guns  were  doomed. 
1  held  my  breath,  when  lo  !  right  from  under  their  faces  in 
the  long  grass  came  a  volley  from  our  gallant  men,  who  up 
to  that  time  had  laid  concealed  in  a  little  ravine,  or  rather 
'litch.  Flesh  and  blood  could  stand  no  more.  They  broke 
and  fled,  and  our  men  lay  down  again  while  the  terrible  can- 
non hurled  destruction  into  the  fleeing  mas?.  Three  fourths 
of  that  brigade  were  left  on  that  field,  and  all  I  have  related 
did  not  occupy  more  than  ten  minutes.  It  must  be  confessed 
that  their  discipline  equals  ours,  if  it  is  not  superior,  and 
braver  men  than  their  officers  do  not  live.  This  talk  about 
the  rebels  not  fighting  is  played  out.  In  fact,  the  whole 
North  has  been  humbugged  with  stupendous  falsehoods  con- 
cerning the  South.  Why  should  they  not  fight  as  well  as 
we?  Are  they  not  one  and  the  same?  This  system  of 
misrepresentation  has  gone  far  enough. 

We  were  whipped  at  Gaines'  Mills,  and  our  army  a  rab- 
ble. The  cavalry  appeared  on  our  right,  and  appeared  anx- 
ious to  charge  on  the  bridge  in  our  rear.  They  could  have 
done  it  easily.  Then  the  whole  army  would  have  been  ru- 
ined, and  the  Southern  Confederacy  a  fixed  fact.  It  was  the 
most  critical  moment  of  the  battle  or  the  war.  A  beaten 
army,  a  bridge  and  morass  in  the  rear,  a  stampede,  add  *o 


.* 


82  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

that  a  charge  by  three  thousand  cavalry  on  the  bridge,  and 
any  one  may  see  the  terrible  result.  To  Col.  Berdan  is  due 
the  most  of  the  credit  of  saving  the  army.  Rallying  the 
men,  forming  a  nucleus,  he  began  to  inspire  the  men  with 
the  idea  that  all  was  not  lost.  Still  they  wavered.  Officers 
and  men  were  forced  into  the  ranks  ;  others,  assured  by  the 
Colonel,  assisted  him  in  the  terrible  struggle,  not  to  win  the 
day,  but  to  save  the  army.  At  length,  eleven  lines  w^ere 
formed,  and  at  this  critical  juncture  the  cavalry  appeared  on 
our  right.  They  had  not  seen  our  rout,  and  supposed  the 
lines  were  reinforcements.  They  were  not  decided,  and  ap- 
peared to  be  calculating  the  chances.  On  their  decision  de- 
pended the  fate  of  every  thing.  Col.  Berdan  seeing  this,  or- 
dered an  aid  to  the  rear  and  galloped  up  announcing  that 
Richmond  was  taken.  He  did  so,  and  the  effect  was  magic- 
al. The  men  cheered,  flags  were  waved,  and  the  cavalry, 
thinking  our  whole  army  was  there,  halted,  and  we  were 
saved.  When  they  afterwards  learned  from  prisoners  the 
real  state  of  the  case,  their  mortification  was  excessive. — 
General  Morrell  thanked  Col.  Berdan,  and  gave  him  the 
credit  of  having  saved  the  army,  as  he  indeed  had  done. 
•  It  was  the  turning  point.  Generals  in  the  front  could  not 
have  seen  it.  Luckily,  Col.  Berdan  was  equal  to  the  emer- 
gency. It  is  impossible  to  portray  the  effort  required  to 
stop  the  tide  often  thousand  retreating  men.  You  can  only 
comprehend  that  it  was  done,  the  Cavalry  charge  averted, 
the  bridge  kept,  and  the  army  saved. 

Tuesday  night  we  slept  on  the  battle-field.  .  No  meat  had 
we  seen — nothing  but  hard  bread  for  five  whole  days.  The 
night  was  as  cold  as  the  day  was  warm.  We  had  no  blank- 
ets nor  overcoats,  our  clothes  were  wringing  wet  with  per- 
spiration, and  now  most  frozen  upon  us.  But  soon  came  the 
sad  scenes  of  the  Chickahominy,  leaving  our  wounded  com- 
rades. At  3  A.  M.  we  were  aroused,  and  began  our  weary 
march  to  Harrison's  Landing.  As  I  left  the  field — I  was 
one  of  the  very  last — the  wounded  bad  just  begun  to  com- 
prehend what  w^as  going  on.  "  Are  you  going  to  leave  us?" 
"  Can't  we  hold  the  ground  ?"  they  asked.  When  answered 
that  they  were  to  be  abandoned,  they  set  up  a  most  misera- 
ble cry.  They  wept,  prayed,  blasphemed,  and  besought  us 
not  to  leave  them.  No  one  even  togive'their  fevered  bodies 
a  drop  of  water — no  one  to  care  for  them.  I  pass  hastily 
over  this  scene,  but  I  never  shall  forget  the  poor  boys  rais- 


83 

ing  up  a  little  and  gazing  at  us  with  eyes  expressing  only 
utter  despair  as  \ye  filed  slowly  out  of  sight.  (It  is  but  jus- 
tice to  add  to  this  that  the  rebels,  as  far  as  we  know,  treated 
our  wounded  as  well  as  they  could.) — Richmond  Enquirer, 
Sept.  \st.j  1862. 


THE  WOMEN  OF  THE  REVOLUTION. 

We  copy  the  following  beautiful  tribute  to  the  Ladies  of 
the  South,  from  the  "  Richmond  Christian  Advocate : " 

The  women  of  the  South  have  distinguished  themselves 
during  the  war.  In  respect  to  courage,  patience,  self  denial, 
active  benevolence,  and  the  most  refined  illustrations  of  pa- 
triotism, they  have  clothed  themselves  with  honor.  The 
fact  is  not  less  gratifying  to  national  pride  than  inspiring  to 
virtuous  deeds.  The  whole  country  feels  the  influence  of 
these  noble  heroines.  In  every  department  of  usefulness  ac- 
cessible to  her,  the  Southern  woman  has  been  found  a  gen- 
erous volunteer,  sparing  herself  no  toil  or  trials,  always  ready 
to  spend  her  all  to  purchase  blessings  for  her  country.  It 
has  been  poetically  said,  that  woman's  union  with  men  was 
as  ^'perfect  music  set  to  noble  words ^  In  our  present  strug- 
gle she  has  unquestionably  furnished  the  "  music  " — whose 
inspiring  tones  and  consoling  melody  have  animated  the 
healthful  and  cheered  the  sick.  From  her  has  flowed  the 
music  of  our  revolution.  To  be  sure,  some  of  the  women, 
like  some  of  the  men,  have  been  behind  the  times,  weak, 
wavering,  and  failing  in  the  time  of  trial,  illustrating  selfish- 
ness rather  than  patriotism ;  but  tens  of  thousands  of  them 
have  borne  witness  for  right  and  liberty  at  every  hazard. 
The  character  of  a  people  has  no  better  index  than  that 
which  is  furnished  in  the  character  of  their  women.  From 
their  intelligence,  refinement  and  jnorale,  we  may  easily  in- 
fer the  social  standard  of  the  nation.  It  is,  therefore,  ex- 
edingly  gratifying  to  discover  such  abundant  evidence  of 
0  elevated  society  of  the  South,  as  that  which  is  supplied 
111  the  character  and  influence  of  our  women.  We  could  tell 
of  many  individual  instances  in  which  the  daughters  of  the 
South  have  exhibited  their  greatness  of  soul.  The  whole 
land  is  full  of  such  facts.  There  is  not  a  place  of  trial  in 
the  history  of  the  Southern  Confederacy  which  does  not 
show  a  record  of  honor  for  Southern  women:  while  battles  rage, 


84  CONFEDERATE   MONITOR 

her  hands  prepare  the  lint  and  bandages,  and  her  heart  is  up- 
lifted to  the  God  of  battles  for  victory ;  in  [the  hospitals, 
where  there  is 

"Gathered  about  her  the  harvest, 
Of  Death  in  his  ghastliest  view," 

she  moves  bravely,  untiringly,  as  a  ministering  angel :  at 
home  she  prepares  clothing  for  the  absent  soldier,  while  her 
letters  of  comfort  and  good  cheer,  her  appeals  to  all  that  is 
noble  and  Christianly  in  his  character,  clothe  him  with 
strength  in  the  day  of  battle.  We  have  read  of  nothing  in 
the  early  history  of  our  country  that  is  more  creditable  to 
the  women  than  what  we  have  seen  and  heard  since  this 
fierce  war  has  been  in  progress.  Let  them  not  be  weary  in 
well-doing !  Wheresoever  the  story  of  this  great  conflict 
shall  be  told  in  the  earth,  this  shall  be  told  as  a  memorial 
of  her — that  "  she  hath  done  what  she  could  !  " 


LINCOLN  AND  HIS  PROCLAMATION. 

Abraham  Lincoln's  Proclamation,  ordaining  servile  insur- 
rection in  the  Confederate  States,  has  not  been  for  a  moment 
misunderstood,  either  North  or  South.  After  undertaking 
to  destroy  four  thousand  millions  of  our  property  at  a  dash 
of  the  pen,  Lincoln  proceeds  to  say  : 

"  And  the  Executive  Government  of  the  United  States, 
including  the  Military  and  Naval  authority  thereof,  will 
recognize  and  maintain  the  freedom  of  such  persons,  a?id  ivill 
do  no  act  or  acts  to  repress  such  persons,  or  any  of  them,  in 
any  efforts  they  may  make  for  their  actual  freedom^ 

This  is  as  much  as  to  bid  the  slaves  rise  in  insurrection, 
with  the  assurance  of  the  aid  of  the  whole  Military  and  Na- 
val power  of  the  United  Stc^tes.  The  New  York  "  Times," 
while  applauding  the  wisdom  of  the  proclamation,  says  : 

"  From  now  till  the  first  of  January — the  day  when  this 
proclamation  will  take  effect — is  little  over  three  months. 
What  may  happen  between  now  and  then,  in  the  progress 
of  the  war,  it  is  hard  to  say.  We  earnestly  hope,  however, 
that  by  that  time  the  rebellion  m  ill  be  put  down  by  the  mil- 
itary hand,  and  that  the  terrible  eleinent  of  slave  insiirrectlon 
may  not  he  invoked^ 

Deliberately,  and  with  full  purpose,  om-  enemies  have  en- 
tered upon  this  step. 


■A 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  85 

Is  there  any  one  who  has  not  reflected  upon  the  nature  of 
the  agency  which  Lincoln  now  invokes  ?  A  servile  war  is 
necessarily  one  of  extermination,  and  the  peculiar  character 
of  the  negro  adds  to  its  inevitable  horrors.  Released  from 
authority,  he  is  at  once  a  savage ;  and  the  very  ignorance 
which  drives  him  to  his  own  destruction,  stimulates  him  to 
the  darkest  excesses.  How  was  it  in  Southampton  County 
in  1831,  when  Nat.  Turner  engaged  in  the  work  to  which 
Lincoln  now  invites?  Not  satisfied  with  murdering  the  few 
men  who  fell  into  their  power,  they  massacred  even  thebahe 
in  the  cradle.  They  in  this  manner  exterminated  the  family 
of  Mr.  Travis,  Turner's  kind  and  indulgent  master.  Next 
Mrs.  Waller  and  her  ten  children  were  slain,  and  piled  in  a 
heap.  Near  by,  a  school  of  little  girls  was  captured,  and 
all  massacred  except  one,  who  escaped.  The  family  of  Mrs. 
Vaughan  was  next  destroyed.  In  this  manner,  between  Sun- 
day night  and  Monday  noon,  they  had  murdered  fifty-five 
persons,  nearly  a'l  of  whom  were  women  and  children. 

This  is  the  sort  of  work  Lincoln  desires  to  see.  This  is 
the  agency  which  Lincoln  now  invokes!  It  is  one  which  the 
most  callous  highwayman  should  shudder  to  employ.  This 
is  now  liis  war-cry  !  It  is  "  as  if  the  [vilest  fiend]  that  fell, 
had  raised  the  battle-cry  of  hell !  " 

Butler  has  been  called  infiimous — by  common  consent  he  is 
known  as  the  Beast.  But  Butler  is  a  saint  compared  to  his 
master.  In  addition  to  all  that  Butler  authorized,  Lincoln 
adds  butchery — even  the  butchery  of  babes  !  Language  is 
too  poor  to  furni^i  a  name  for  such  a  character.  Nay,  the 
whole  catalogue  of  dishonoring  epithets  is  not  sufficient  to  do 
justice  to  it.  "  Murderer"  is  a  term  of  honor  compared  to 
Lincoln's  crime.  "  Child  and  woman  murderer  "  tells  but  a 
part  of  the  story.  To  this  is  added  the  cowardice  of  employ- 
ing an  agent.  To  this  belongs  the  additional  fact  that  the 
agent,  when  unloosed,  is  a  savage.  To  this  is  added  the 
further  fact  that  Lincoln  dooms  his  agent  to  destruction. — 
What  shall  we  call  him? — coward  ?  assassin?  savage? — the 
murderer  of  women  and  babes,  and  the  false  desttoyer  of  his 
own  deluded  allies?  Shall  we  consider  these  as  all  embodied  in 
the  word  "fiend!"  and  shall  we  call  him  that?  Lincoln, 
the  Fiend  ! — let  history  take  hold  of  him,  and  let  the  civili- 
zed world  fling  its  scorpion  lash  upon  him  ! 

We  have  described  Lincoln's  inte?itlons  and  ivishes  towards 
us.     We  have  shown  what  terrors  he  would  let  loose,  if  he 


86  CONFEDERATE   MONITOR 

could.  He  is  as  bad  as  if  his  power  corresponded  with  his 
avowed  design.  But,  thank  Heaven,  we  are  Lot  delivered 
over  to  his  will !  We  are  abundantly  able  to  maintain  a 
salutary  domestic  authority  at  the  same  time  that  our  armies 
meet  Lincoln's  in  the  field.  Lincoln  w^ould  simply  drive  our 
servants  to  destruction.  Cheerful  and  happy  now,  he  plots 
their  death.  An  insurrection  is  their  swift  destruction. — 
How  was  it  in  the  long-hatched  Southampton  case  to  which 
we  have  referred  1  Sunday  night  the  insurrectionists  began 
their  work.  Monday  at  noon  they  were  in  full  flight  and 
hiding  in  the  swamps.  It  needs  hardly  be  asked  how  they  fared. 
They  suffered  a  terrible  retribution.  They  were  hunted 
like  wild  beasts,  as  they  were,  and  were  at  first  killed  where 
ever  found.  Several  of  these  murderers  of  women  and  chil- 
dren were  taken  to  the  Cross  Keys,  and  their  heads  cut  off  on 
the  spot ;  afterwards,  captives  were  tried  and  hung — among 
them  Nat.  Turner,  the  leader.  Some  innocent  ones  are  be- 
lieved to  have  perished  with  the  guilty. 

So  it  will  ever  be  with  servile  insurrections,  if  attempted 
here.  They  can  gain  no  foothold,  with  proper  vigilance. — 
They  will,  at  any  rate,  be  as  swiftly  suppressed  as  a  common 
riot,  and  terrible  punishment  will  fall  on  the  guilty.  But 
what  does  the  Fiend  care  for  that  ?  He  is  the  common  ene- 
my of  white  and  black. 

The  efforts  of  the  Fiend  to  breed  discontent  can  be  readily 
counteracted  and  provided  against  if  we  are  vigilant,  as  wo 
must  be.  The  County  Courts  or  Military  Authorities  must 
•  establish  suitable  patrols  for  the  preservation  of  the  public 
peace.  The  men  of  a  neighborhood,  even  if  there  be  but  a 
few,  and  if  they  be  infirm,  must  keep  fire-arms,  and  form  a 
neighborhood  guard,  if  necessary,  A  very  little  organiza- 
tion and  preparation,  with  vigilance,  will  suffice  to  counter- 
vail all  the  efforts  of  the  emissaries  whom  the  Fiend  may 
send,  and  to  overawe  all  turbulance.  These  things  must  be 
duly  attended  to. 

Our  military  operations  are  henceforth  to  assume  a  very 
grave  character.  The  Fiend's  new  programme  will,  neces- 
sarily, destroy  all  terms  between  us.  The  next  campaign 
will  be  a  tremendous  one,  both  for  the  character  and  the 
magnitude  of  the  hostilities.  Let  our  authorities  prepare  the 
whole  strength  of  our  people  for  the  tremendous  shock.  The 
enemy  is  making  giant  preparations,  as  well  as  issuing  fiend- 
ish proclamations.     We  must  respond  with  equal  energy. 


87 

If  we  do,  we  are  safe,  now  and  ever.  If  we  do  not,  we  shall 
bo  lost.  But  we  will  do  it,  and  we  will  not  lose  it!  What 
sajs  Congress  and  the  Executive  1 

The  Washington  City  Republican,  in  commenting  on  the 
Fiend's  late  proclamation,  says  : 

"At  any  rate,  the  military  method  of  subduing  the  rebel- 
lion has  been  tried,  and  utterly  failed ;  and  if  the  policy  of 
Congress  is  not  effectual,  no  other  remains. 

^'  The  President  has  even  gone  beyond  the  legislation  of 
Congress,  although  not  beyond  their  known  wishes." 

The  above  is  a  confession  which  we  hardly  expected  to  be 
made.     The  last  chance  is  now  to  be  tried,  and  will  fail  also! 


THE  FEDERALS'  BOMBARDMENT  OF  VICKSBURG.-PROVI- 
DENCE  PROTECTS  THE  INNOCENT. 
The  remarkable  escape  of  the  people  of  Vicksburg  during 
the  bombardment  is  one  of  the  most  wonderful  illustrations 
of  the  protecting  care  of  an  overruling  Providence  that  has 
yet  been  recorded  in  the  history  of  time.  For  ten  weeks 
did  their  mortar  fleet  lay  off  before  this  city  and  hurl  their 
fiery  missiles  into  our  midst  without  effecting  any  serious 
injury.  Notwithstanding  their  boastful  threats  tliat  they 
could  lay  this  little  city  in  ashes  in  two  hours  under  the  fury 
of  their  combined  fleet,  Vicksburg  still  stands,  apparently 
as  sound  as  ever.  The  power  of  their  gunboats  has  vanish- 
ed ;  the  prestige  and  dash  of  their  mortar  fleet  is  broken  ; 
the  glory  of  their  navy  is  departed ;  their  trip  on  the  Missis- 
sippi was  a  barren  one.  But  their  main  object,  their  pet 
idea,  the  destruction  of  Vicksburg,  was,  above  all,  the  object 
of  their  hearts'  desire ;  and  in  it  they  made  a  humiliating 
failure.  All  the  power  of  every  mortar,  rifle,  siege  gun, 
small  arms,  grape,  canister,  round  shot,  rifle  shell,  liquid  shell, 
hot  shell — from  the  minic  ball  to  the  hundred  and  ninety 
pound  bomb  shell,  all  were  hurled  with  the  concentrated  fu- 
ry of  the  combined  fleets  against  this  devoted  city.  During 
the  storm  of  fire,  iron,  sulphur,  and  all  the  hellish  combina- 
tions of  Yankee  ingenuity,  on  the  morning  of  the  28th  of 
June,  the  constant,  unbroken,  and  deafening  roar,  the  rever- 
berating echoes  from  the  forests,  the  howling  of  the  rifle  balls 
in  their  passage  through  the  air,  the  cloyds  of  dust  they  rais- 


88  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

ed  when  they  struck  the  earth  with  a  force  that  shivered  ev- 
erything they  hit ;  the  whirring  of  fragments  of  sliell  as  they 
flew  from  the  elevated  points  of  explosion,  and  the  continu- 
ous sheet  of  flame  on  the  river,  all  combined,  to  render  it  the 
most  terrific  pyrotechnic  exhibition  ever  witnessed.  Indeed 
it  is  fair  to  assert  that  the  like  was  never  before  witnessed. 
The  accounts  given  by  the  enemy  themselves  say  that  the 
world  had  never  witnessed  a  bombardment  like  this. 

Their  combined  fleets,  composed  of  the  pride  and  boast  of 
the  Federal  navy — their  armament,  all  consisting  of  the  la- 
test, most  improved  and  destructive  instruments  of  gunnery, 
manned  by  the  most  experienced  adepts,  urged  by  all  the 
considerations  and  inducements  of  booty  and  beauty,  and 
driven  by  the  most  savage,  wanton,  brute  force,  which  was 
further  augmented  by  the  mortification  at  seeing  their  eff(3rts 
so  fruitless  and  abortive.  The  prestige  of  their  first  class 
sloops-of-war,  Hartford,  Richmond,  Brooklyn,  Iroquois,  and 
Oneida,  the  boast  of  their  mortar  fleet,  and  the  terror  of  their 
gunboats  had  forsaken  them.  It  has  been  aptly  said  that  if 
all  the  thunder-storms  that  a  man  has  ever  heard  in  his  life 
were  concentrated  into  a  space  of  three  hours,  it  would  not  equal 
the  tumultuous  roar  of  that  eventful  morning.  The  very 
earth  shuddered,  the  forest  trembled,  and  the  buildings  rat- 
tled as  if  shaken  by  a  hurricane.  Such  is  an  imperfect  pic- 
ture of  the  terrific  bombardment  on  the  morning  of  the  28th, 
and  again  on  the  evening  of  the  15th  July. 

In  the  midst  of  this  storm  did  our  gallant  and  noble  Gen. 
Van  Dorn  issue  an  address  to  the  brave  defenders  of  Vicks- 
burg,  aptly  saying  that  all  this  tumult  was  "sound  and  fury, 
signifying  nothing."  At  the  time  but  few  of  our  people  were 
willing  to  agree  with  this  sentiment ;  but  afl:er  the  firing  had 
ceased,  an  examination  of  the  casualties  was  had,  and  it  was 
ascertained  that  but  two  lives  were  lost,  and  that  the  city 
was  but  little  injured.  All  became  reconciled  to  the  timely 
assertion  that  it  was  all  "sound  and  fury,  signifying  nothing." 

Truly  did  a  kind  Providence  preside  over  the  destinies  of 
this  city  and  her  people  in  those  trying  times.  Surely  may 
we  congratulate  oui'^seLves  that  there  was  more  than  one — 
even  more  than  five  righteous  left  in  this  city  at  the  time 
our  enemies  attempted  its  destruction.  That  anything  should 
live  in  such  a  fiery  ordeal — that  a  building  should  remain 
standing  and  uninjured,  is  truly  wonderful  and  mysterious. 
Yet  but  two  lives  were  lost,  mid  no  serious  damage  resulted 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  89 

to  the  city,  vv^hile  our  batteries  were  entirely  unharmed  and 
untouched.  If  ever  a  community  had  occasion  to  offer  thanks- 
i^iving  to  their  Creator  for  Providential  protection  it  must 
surely  be  the  case  here.  Like  in  times  of  old,  when  the 
king  had  a  golden  image  and  commanded  all  the  people  to 
bow  down  and  worship  it,  and  Shadrac,  Meschac,  and  Abed- 
nego,  who  refused  to  obey  his  decree,  were  cast  into  a  burn 
ing  fiery  furnace,  their  God  delivered  them  without  even  the 
smell  of  fire  upon  their  hair.  So  did  our  enemies  set  up  a 
golden  image  at  Washington,  and  ordered  the  people  of 
Vicksburg  to  fall  down  and  worship  him,  and,  upon  their  re- 
fusal to  do  so  their  houses  were  to  be  burned  down,  their 
]»ruperty  destroyed,  their  wives  and  little  ones  to  be  slaugh- 
tered, and  the  last  vestige  of  their  beautiful  city  was  to  be 
wiped  from  off  the  face  of  the  earth.  The  people  were  here 
true  to  their  trust,  and,  like  the  three  fiiithful  men  of  old, 
refused  to  worship  the  idol  which  our  enemy  had  set  up,  and 
a  storm  of  iron,  and  fire,  and  brimstone,  and  all  the  deadly 
<•<  >ntrivances  of  a  wicked  and  perverse  nation  were  let  loose 
n|)on  the  devoted  city  and  her  faithful  people,  and  instead  of 
]);irming  them,  its  fury  was  hurled  back  upon  the  aggressors 
and  smote  them  by  the  scores.  Like  Daniel  in  the  lion's 
(i'li,  the  people  were  safe  in  the  midst  of  the  deadly  missiles 
(it"  destruction  ;  the  power  of  doing  harm  seems  to  have  been 
aken  from  the  shells,  and  balls,  and  slugs  as  they  were  hurl- 
etl  into  the  city,  and  the  destruction  of  life  and  property  re- 
sulted almost  entirely  to  the  side  of  our  remorseless  foe,  while 
Vicksburg  stands  triumphant  and  almost  unscathed  amidst 
the  fiery  tempest.  Surely  a  divine  Providence  protects  the 
just  and  the  innocent. —  Vicksburg   Citizen,  Aug.  14/A. 


THE  SIEGE  OF  VICKSBURG  AND  THE  LESSON  IT  TEACHES. 

In  all  the  history  of  the  great  struggle  for  liberty,  in  which 
the  Southern  people  are  engaged,  no  page  will  contain  a 
prouder  record  than  that  which  tells  of  the  heroic  defence  of 
Vicksburg.  Her  citizens,  self-banished  from  their  homes — 
tliose  homes  given  up  to  destruction — life,  property,  domes- 
tic happiness,  all  sacrificed  upon  the  altar  of  country,  rather 
than  permit  the  foul  pollution  of  their  soil  by  the  ruthless 
foe.  Such  heroism  is  sublime — it  is  worthy  of  a  people 
struggling  to  be  free  ;  it  gives  strength  to  the  faith  of  the 

D** 


90  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

/ 

hopeful,  rebukes  the  craven,  dispirits  the  disloyal,  and  furnish- 
es a  bright  example  everywhere. 

Oh,  that  the  places  which  have  succumbed  to  Yankee  pow- 
er, wielded  from  Yankee  gunboats,  had  possessed  the  indom- 
itable courage  and  patriotism  of  proud  little  Vicksburg  !  We 
would  then  have  been  spared  many  a  record  of  disaster  and 
regret.  But  it  is  useless  to  mourn  the  fate  of  those  fallen 
cities ;  they  are  in  the  hands  of  a  powerful  enemy,  and  must 
patiently  bide  the  time  when  our  victorious  armies,  having 
driven  the  enemy  from  our  soil  shall  be  prepared  to  rescue 
them  from  the  hands  of  the  tyrants  who  now  hold  them  and 
rule  them  with  a  rod  of  iron.  We  can  only  hope  that  for 
the  future  there  will  be  no  more  Nashvilles,  and  New  Or- 
leans to  record,  but  that  every  place  threatened  by  the  van- 
dal foe  shall  prove  a  Vicksburg  or  a  Richmond  to  them. 

The  fall  of  Donelson,  of  Nashville,  of  New  Orleans,  and 
of  Memphis,  had  a  most  depressing  effect  upon  our  people 
for  a  time.     That  was  the  night  of  defeat.     The  day  of  vic-^ 
tory  has  again  dawned  ;  and  it  is  to   be  hoped  that  the  sue-' 
cesses  which  have  been  inaugurated  at  Richmond,  at  Vicks- 
burg, and  in  Arkansas,  will  be  rapidly  followed  up  by  our  Gov 
ernment.     This  it  has  promised  to  do.     We  have  faith  that' 
it  will.     Then,  the  people  must  give  it  their  aid  and  approv- 
al.    There  must  be  no  second  Manassas  supineness  because 
of  our  great  victories — no  langor  because  of  hoped  for  and 
anticipated  foreign  aid. 

To  these  things  we  should  shut  our  eyes.  We  must  bring 
oiu'selves  to  the  belief  that  there  is  no  hope  for  Southern  In- 
dependence but  in  Southern  hearts  and  Southern  arms.  We 
must  feel  that  war  is  the  great  business  in  hand,  and  strength- 
en the  hands  of  the  Government  with  men  and  money,  by 
all  the  honorable  means  within  our  power.  Blows  must  fall 
thick  and  fast — and,  as  soon  as  possible,  these  blows  must 
be  given  beyond  the  borders  of  the  Confederacy,  whither 
President  Davis  has  promised  to  lead  his  gallant  and  victo-  ' 
rious  army.  We  must  sustain  the  credit  of  the  government 
and  frown  down  all  efforts  to  depreciate  the  currency,  or  to 
bring  suffering  upon  our  people  by  improper  speculations 
and  cruel  extortions.  Following  this  as  our  programme  for 
the  future — emulating  the  example  of  glorious  little  Vicks- 
burg— and  with  a  firm  reliance  upon  Divine  Providence,  we 
may  hope  that  hostilities  may  not  be  continued  for  a  long 
time — we  may  hope  that  the  day  of  peace  is  not  as  far  dis- 


91 

tant  as  many  fear — and  that  our  enemies  seeing  the  hopeless- 
ness of  the  task  which  they  have  undertaken,  will  gladly  ac- 
knowledge our  independence. 

Then,  free  from  all  foreign  interferences — owing  obligations 
to  no  foreign  Government  for  our  nationality — we  shall  be 

.  a  free  people  indeed,  and  be  enabled  to  dictate  our  own  terms 

:  to  those  who  wish  to  establish  commercial  relations  and  en- 

\-  joy  the  profits  of  a  trade  with  the  South. 

''•  Another  lesson  that  V^icksburg  teaches,  is  the  folly  of  be- 
ing frightened  by  Yankee  gunboats.  Properly  constructed 
batteries  at  eligible  points,  commanded  by  competent  offi- 
cers and  manned  by  brave  men,  it  is  now  fully  demonstrated, 
are  fully  able  to  withstand  the  attacks  of  the  dreaded  gunboats 
and  their  noisy  shells.  Let  us  hope  that  the  lessons  which 
gallant  Vicksburg  so  nobly  teaches,  will  bo  heeded  and  learned 
with  profit. —  ConstltuiionaliHt. 


Federal  Loss  95,000  men  In  a  Campaig^n  of  two 
weeks,  besi<les  va^t  qnanlities  of  Stores  an <l  Ifln- 
nitions  or  War. 

Losses  of  the  two  Armies. —  The  Balance  Sherf. 
The  Richmond  Dispatch  contains  a  long  and  interesting 
exhibit  of  the  two  Armies  from  the  crossing  of  the  Ilapidan 
to  the  close  of  recent  operations  on  the  Potomac.     We  give 
an  extract: 

The  government  has  accurate  lists  of  our  killed,  wounded, 
and  missing.  From  the  llapidan,  all  through  the  campaign 
to  Harper's  Ferry,  they  number  about  1 1,51)0.  At  Sharps- 
burg  our  loss  was  about  5000.  But  suppose  we  had  lost  30,- 
000,  as  McClellan's  lying  reports  indicate.  Suppose,  too,  he 
lost  no  more  than  he  allows,  that  is  to  say,  fourteen  thou- 
sand seven  hundred  and  ninety-six  men,  at  Sharpsbiirg 
and  in  the  preceding  engagements.  Still  his  campaign  is  an 
unprofitable  one,  for  his  losses  are  ncarl}-  as  great  as  ours,  even 
according  to  his  own  statement.  At  Harper's  Ferry  he  lost 
11,500 ;  at  Sharpsburg  14,796 ;  at  Harper's  Ferry  again,  800 
killed,  wounded,  and  drowned,  and  500  prisoners.  Here  his 
losses  are  29,790  certain — part  ascertained  from  his  own  state- 
ment, part  from  the  statement  of  our  Generals — and  he  does 


92  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

not  claim  to  have  inflicted  on  us  a  loss  of  more  than  30,000 
— balance  in  his  favor,  204  men.  He  claims  13  guns.  We 
took  73  at  Harper's  Ferry.  Balance  in  our  favor,  60  guns. 
Taking  the  whole  campaign,  even  on  this  statement,  from  the 
Eapidan  to  Winchester,  it  is  enormously  in  our  favor.  Still 
more  is  it  so  when  we  look  at  it  through  the  medium  of  oth- 
er statements  combined  with  his. 

Let  us  see  what  will  be  the  result  if  we  take  our  own  state- 
ments for  our  losses  and  their  statements  for  their  losses. 

Our  loss  in  the  whole  campaign,  from  the  Rapidan  to  the 
recrossing  into  Virginia,  was,  according  to  the  statement  of 
Mr.  Crocker,  about  11,500  killed,  wounded,  and  missing.  The 
Yankee  loss  at  Harper's  Ferry  was,  according  to  their  own 
admission,  the  same.  These,  two,  then,  balance  each  other, 
and  all  the  rest  is  clear  gain  for  us.  First,  they  admit  a  loss 
of  3,000  at  Cedar  Run ;  (they  actuaUy  lost  more,  nearly 
7,000.)  Pope  says  they  lostin  the  battle  of  the  29th  of  Au- 
gust 8,000.  The  Baltimore  Sun  (or  American,  we  do  not 
recollect  which,  but  we  published  the  statement  at  the  time) 
says  they  lost  17,000  in  all  the  campaign  up  to  the  second 
battle  of  Manassas,  which  would  give  6,000  for  the  battle  of  ^ 
the  28th.  Pope,  we  believe,  says  they  lost  7,000  men  at  Ma-  j| 
nassas.  (Gen.  Lee,  by-the-by,  paroled  that  number  on  the 
field.)  McClellan  says  they  lost  14,796  at  South  Mountain 
and  Antietam.  Lastly  at  the  crossing,  when  they  were  attack- 
ed by  A.  P.  Hill,  they  lost  2,500  killed,  wounded,  and  miss- 
ing. Total,  in  round  numbers,  according  to  their  own  state- 
ments v/ith  regard  to  their  own  losses,  42,000  clear  balance 
in  our  favor. 

But  the  real  loss  was  far  greater.  General  Lee  paroled 
7,000  prisoners  on  the  field  of  battle  at  Manassas.  Three 
thousand  wounded  prisoners  who  were  captured  by  us  had 
not  had  their  wounds  dressed  on  the  third  day  after  the  bat>- 
tle.  Every  man  who  saw  the  field  says  there  were  at  least 
five  dead  or  wounded  Yankees  to  one  Confederate.  Every 
man  who  saw  the  field  of  Sharpsburg  says  there  were  five  or 
six  Yankees  lying  there  to  one  Confederate.  A  correspond- 
ent of  the  New  York  Tribune  says  McClellan  lost  28,000 
men  there.  This,  we  have  no  doubt,  is  within  the  mark,  for 
McClellan  has  never  yet  acknowledged  the  half  of  his  loss 
on  a  single  occasion.  His  loss  on  the  14th  all  Confederate 
accounts  put  down  at  at  least  5,000.  Here,  then,  is  a  state- 
ment of  what  we  believe  to  be  very  nearly  the  loss  of  the 
Yankees  since  Jackson  first  crossed  the  Rapidan  ; 


93 

!     From  the  Rapidan  to  the  30th  August 20,000 

^     BattleSOth  August 27,000 

Battle  14th  September 5,000 

Battle   Sharpsburg 28,000 

Battle  with  A.  P.  Hill 3,500 

(Capture  of   Harper's  Ferry 11,500 

Total 95,000 

r  Such  we  believe  to  be  very  nearly  the  true  state  of  the 
case.  We  believe  that  killed,  wounded,  drowned,  and  taken 
prisoners,  the  Yankees  have  lost  in  the  campaign  from  the 
Rapidan,  at  least  that  number  of  men,  and  we  give  our  reas- 
ons above  for  thinking  so.  How  many  more  they  have  lost 
from  disease  we  cannot  say  ;  but  that  the  campaign  has  been 
to  them  a  terribly  destructive  one  does  not  admit  of  a  doubt. 
They  pretend  to  have  won  a  great  victory  at  Sharpsburg.  If 
so,  why  do  they  not  follow  Gen,  Lee  and  destroy  his  army  ? 
They  boasted  of  their  intention  to  do  so,  yet  they  have  not 
tried  it. —  Chattanooga  Rebel. 


GEN.  BUAGG'S  ADDRESS  TO  THE  PEOPLE  OF  THE  NORTH-WEST. 

Gen.  Bragg  has  issued  from  his  head-quarters  at  Bardstown, 
Ky.,  one  of  the  strongest  addresses  which  has  been  issued  by 
any  military  man  during  this  war.  It  is  addressed  to  "  The 
people  of  the  Northwest."  He  assures  them  that  the  Con- 
federate Government  is  waging  this  war  with  no  design  of 
conquest,  but  'Ho  secure  peace  and  the  abandonment  by  the 
United  States  of  its  pretensions  to  govern  n  people  who  never 
have  hern  their  suhjecfg,  aud  who  prefer  self-government  to  a 
union  with  them."  "  He  further  assures  them  that  the  Con- 
federate Government  and  people  deprecating  civil  strife  from 
the  beginning,  and  anxious  for  a  peaceful  adjustment  of  all 
differences  growing  out  of  a  political  separation,  which  they 
deemed  essential  to  their  happiness  and  well  being,  at  the  mo- 
ment of  its  inauguration  sent  commissioners  to  Washington 
to  treat  for  these  objects,  but  that  their  commissioners  were 
not  received  or  even  allowed  to  communicate  the  object  of  their 
mission  ;  and  that  on  a  subsequent  occasion  a  communication 
from  the  President  of  the  Confederate  States  to  President 
Lincoln  remained  without  answer,  although  a  reply  was  prom- 


94  CONFEDERATE   MONltOJt 

ised  by  Gen.  Scott,  into  whose  hands  the  communication  was 
delivered. 

That  among  the  pretexts  urged  for  the  continuance  of  the 
war,  is  the  assertion  that  the  Confederate  Government  desires 
to  deprive  the  United  States  of  the  free  navigation  of  the 
Western  rivers,  although  the  truth  is  that  the  Confederate 
Congress  by  public  act  prior  to  the  commencement  of  the 
war  enacted  that  "  the  peaceful  navigation  of  the  Mississippi 
river  is  hereby  declared  free  to  the  citizens  of  any  of  the 
States  upon  its  borders  or  upon  the  borders  of  its  tributaries*' 
— a  declaration  to  which  our  government  has  always  been  and 
is  still  ready  to  adhere. 

From  these  declarations,  people  of  the  North  west,  it  is 
made  manifest  that  by  the  invasion  of  our  territories  by  land 
and  from  sea,  we  have  been  unwillingly  forced  into  a  war  of 
self-defence,  and  to  vindicate  a  great  principle  once  dear  to 
all  Americans,  to-wit :  that  no  people  can  be  rightly  governed 
except  by  their  own  consent.  We  desire  peace  noio.  We 
desire  to  see  a  stop  put  to  a  useless  and  cruel  effusion  of 
blood,  and  that  waste  of  national  wealth  rapidly  leading  to, 
and  sure  to  end  in,  national  bankruptcy.  We  are,  therefore, 
now,  as  ever,  ready  to  treat  with  the  United  States,  or  any 
one  or  more  of  them,  upon  terms  of  mutual  justice  and  liber- 
ality. And  at  this  juncture,  when  our  arms  have  been  suc- 
cessful on  many  hard  fought  fields ;  when  our  people  have 
exhibited  a  constancy,  a  fortitude,  and  a  courage  worthy  of 
the  boon  of  self-government — we  restrict  ourselves  to  the 
same  moderate  demand  that  we  made  at  the  darkest  period 
of  our  reverses — the  demand  that  the  people  of  the  United 
States  cease  to  war  upon  us,  and  permit  us  in  peace  to  pursue 
our  path  to  happiness,  while  they  in  peace  pursue  theirs. 

We  are,  however,  debarred  from  the  renewal  of  former' 
proposals  for  peace,  because  the  relentless  spirit  that  actuates 
the  Government  at  Washington  leaves  us  no  reason  to  expect 
that  they  would  be  received  with  the  respect  naturally  due 
by  nations  in  their  intercourse,  whether  in  peace  or  war.  It 
is  under  these  circumstances  that  we  are  driven  to  pro- 
tect our  own  country  by  transferring  the  seat  of  war  to  that 
of  an  enemy  who  pursues  us  with  an  implacable  and  appa- 
rently aimless  hostility.  If  the  war  must  continue  its  thea- 
tre must  be  changed,  and  with  it  the  policy  that  has  hereto- 
fore kept,  us  on  the  defensive  on  our  own  soil.  So  far  it  is 
only  our  fields  that  have  been  laid  waste,  our  people  killed; 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  95 

our  homes  made  desolate,  and  our  frontiers  ravaged  by  rapine 
and  murder.  The  sacred  right  of  self-defence  demands  that 
henceforth  some  of  th  consequences  of  the  war  shall  fall  up- 
on those  who  persist  in  their  refusal  to  make  peace.  With 
the  people  of  the  Northwest  rests  the  power  to  put  an  end  to 
the  invasion  of  their  homes ;  for  if  unable  to  prevail 
upon  the  Government  of  the  United  States  to  conclude  a 
general  peace,  their  own  State  governments,  in  the  exercise 
of  their  sovereignty,  can  secure  immunity  from  the  desola- 
ting effects  of  warfare  on  their  soil  by  a  separate  treaty  of 
peace,  which  our  Government  will  be  ready  to  conclude  on 
the  most  just  and  liberal  basis. 

The  responsibility  then  rests  with  you,  the  people  of  the 
Northwest,  of  continuing  an  unjust  and  aggressive  warfare 
upon  the  people  of  the  Confederate  States.  And  in  the 
name  of  reason  and  humanity,  I  call  upon  you  to  pause  and 
reflect  what  cause  of  quarrel  so  bloody  have  you  against  these 
States,  and  what  are  you  to  gain  by  it  ?  Nature  has  set  her 
seal  upon  these  States,  and  marked  them  out  to  be  your  friends 
and  allies.  She  has  bound  them  to  you  by  all  the  ties  of 
geographical  contiguity  and  conformation,  and  the  great  mu- 
tual interest  of  commerce  and  productions.  When  the  pas- 
sions of  this  unnatural  war  shall  have  subsided,  and  reason 
resumes  her  sway,  a  community  of  interest  will  force  com- 
mercial and  social  coalition  between  the  great  grain  and  stock 
growing  States  of  the  Northwest,  and  the  Cotton,  tobacco, 
and  sugar  regions  of  the  South.  The  Mississippi  river  is  a 
grand  artery  of  their  mutual  national  lives  which  jien  cannot 
sever,  and  which  never  ought  to  have  been  suffered  to  be  dis- 
turbed by  the  antagonisms,  the  cupidity,  and  the  bigotry  of 
New  England  and  the  East.  It  is  from  the  East  that  have 
come  the  germs  of  this  bloody  and  most  unnatural  strife. 

It  is  from  the  meddlestone,  grasping  and  fanatical  disposi- 
tion of  the  same  people  who  have  imposed  upon  you  and  us 
alike  those  tariffs,  internal  improvement  and  fishing  bounty 
laws,  whereby  we  have  been  taxed  for  their  aggrandizement. 
It  is  from  the  East  that  will  come  the  tax  gatherer  to  collect 
from  you  the  mighty  debt  which  is  being  amassed  mountain 
high  for  the  purpose  of  ruining  your  best  customers  and  nat- 
ural friends.  When  this  war  ends  the  same  antagonism  of 
interest,  policy,  and  feeling  which  have  been  pressed  upon  us 
from  the  East,  and  forced  us  from  a  political  union,  when  we 
had  ceased  to  find  safety  for  our  interests,  or  respects  for  our 


96  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR. 

rights  will  bear  down  upon  you,  and  separate  you  from  a  peo-, 
pie  whose  traditional  policy  it  is  to  live  by  their  wits  upon  the 
labor  of  their  neighbors.  Meantime  you  are  being  used  by 
them  to  fight  the  battle  of  emancipation — a  battle  which,  if 
successful,  destroys  your  prosperity,  and  with  it  your  best  mar- 
kets to  buy  and  sell.  Our  mutual  dependence  is  the  work  of 
the  Creator.  With  our  peculiar  productions,  convertible  into 
gold,  we  should,  in  a  state  of  peace,  draw  from  you  largely 
the  products  of  your  labor. 

In  us  of  the  South,  you  will  find  rich  and  willing  custom- 
ers; in  the  East  you  must  confront  rivals  in  productions  and 
trade,  and  the  tax  gatherer  in  all  the  forms  of  partial  legisla- 
tion. You  are  blindly  following  abolitionism  to  this  end, 
while  they  are  nicely  calculating  the  gain  of  obtaining  your 
trade  on  terms  that  would  impoverish  your  country.  You  say 
you  are  fighting  for  the  free  navigation  of  the  Mississippi. 
It  is  yours  freely  and  has  always  been,  without  striking  a  blow. 
You  say  you  are  fighting  to  maintain  the  Union.  That  Un- 
ion is  a  thing  of  the  past.  A  Union  of  consent  was  the  only 
Union  ever  worth  a  drop  of  blood.  When  force  came  to  be 
substituted  for  consent,  and  the  constitutional  jewel  of  your 
patriotic  adoration  was  forever  gone. 

I  come,  then,  to  you  with  the  olive  branch  of  peace,  and 
oiFer  it  to  your  acceptance  in  the  name  of  memories  of  the 
past,  and  the  ties  of  the  present  and  future.  With  you  re- 
mains the  responsibility  and  the  option  of  continuing  a  cruel 
and  wasting  war,  which  can  only  end  after  still  greater  sacri- 
fice in  such  treaty  of  peace  as  we  now  ofier ;  or  of  preserving 
the  blessings  of  peace  by  the  simple  abandonment  of  the  de- 
sign of  subjugating  a  people  over  whom  no  right  of  domin- 
ion has  been  conferred  on  you  by  God  or  man. 

BRAXTON  BRAGG,  General  0.  S.  A. 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  97 

NOBLE  GENEROSITY. 

The  fallowing  correspondence  gives  the  particulars  of  one 
of  the  most  touching,  and  probably  the  most  liberal,  of  the 
many  benefactions  which  have  mitigated  the  distresses  of  the 
present  war.  It  is  from  a  battalion  and  a  regiment  of  the 
Missouri  army ;  the  sum  contributed  is  no  less  than  four 
thousand  seven  hundred  dollars  ;  and  it  is  sent  to  aid  in  re- 
lieving the  suffering  and  promoting  the  comfort  of  the  sol- 
diers who  were  wounded  in  the  late  battles  before  Rich- 
mond. 

In  some  respects  the  soldiers  of  Price's  glorious  Missouri 
army  are  the  last  from  whom  such  a  contribution  would  have 
been  expected.  The  extraordinary  hardships  through  which 
they  have  passed,  their  isolation  from  home  and  friends  and 
property,  and  their  own  pressing  necessities,  might  well  be 
supposed  to  have  clipped  the  wings  of  their  sympathy  for 
others,  and  bid  them  think  only  of  taking  care  of  themselves. 
It  certainly  was  not  to  be  expected  that  their  charity  would 
stretch  out  its  arm  from  the  Mississippi  to  the  Atlantic  bor- 
der, and  that  the  hospitals  of  Richmond  should  be  cheered 
by  their  bounties. 

Those  who  would  thus  reason,  however,  forget  that  beauti- 
ful law  of  our  nature,  so  abundantly  illustrated  in  this  war, 
in  virtue  of  which  deeds  of  generosity  and  self-«lcnial  and 
5elf-sacrifice,  f<^ster  the  growth  and  promote  the  further  devel- 
opment of  these  holy  virtues.  It  is  not  from  the  curmudg- 
eon who  has  seldom  or  never  unlocked  his  pocket  at  the  ap- 
peal of  distress,  that  charity  is  to  be  expected  ;  but  rather 
from  him  whose  life  has  been  a  series  of  generous  benefac- 
tions. And  it  is  precisely  from  those,  who  in  this  war,  have 
made  most  sacrifices,  have  left  home  and  property,  joined  the 
army,  endured  the  fatigue  of  many  a  weary  march  and  per- 
iled life  amid  the  dangers  of  the  furious  combat,  that  the 
most  outgushing  and  wholesoulcd  liberality  has  proceeded. 
They  have  been  ennobled  by  their  sacrifices,  and  these  are 
the  evidences! 

Applying  this  rule,  this  surpassing  liberality  of  the  Mis- 
souri soldiers  is  not  to  be  wondered  at,  though  it  is  to  be 
greatly  applauded  and  admired.  What  soldiers  have  endured 
and  done  and  dared,  as  Price's  noble  band  ?  In  rapid  advance  and 
in  distressing  retreat,  in  the  wrenching  of  bloody  victories  from 
nperior  armies  of  the  enemy,  in  hunger  and  cold  and  naked- 
5 


98  CONFEDERATE   MONITOR 

ness  and  exile,  none  have  surpassed  if  any  have  equalled  these 
varied  experiences  of  the  Missouri  army.  They  have  shown 
a  fortitude,  a  courage,  and  a  prowess,  rarely  paralleled  on  the 
page  of  history.  It  is  meet  and  natural  indeed,  that  from 
such  men  a  tribute  should  come  to  soldiers  so  worthy  as  the 
wounded  heroes  of  the  Chicahominy ;  but  to  these  last  it 
must  be  an  uncommon  pleasure  to  receive  it  from  such  a 
source.  It  is  indeed  an  honor  when  Price's  veterans,  some 
of  them  almost  without  shoes  to  their  feet,  have  found  a 
pleasure  in  paying  them  so  noble  a  compliment,  and  sending 
them  such  proofs  of  a  generous  sympathy. 

Let  the  Missourians  and  their  gallant  State  be  remembered 
for  this  !  Let  the  whole  Confederacy  honor  them  for  it,  and 
return  all  their  fraternal  generosity  a  thousand  fold  \ 

Headquarters  ErWin's  Battalion,      1 

Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Army  of  The  West,  >- 

Out  on  Post  duty,  July  4,  1862.      ) 

Sir :  The  officers  and  soldiers  of  my  Battalion,  sympathi- 
zing with  their  "brethren  in  arms"  who  have  been  wounded 
in  the  late  engagement  near  Richmond,  Virginia,  washing  to 
offer  some  substantial  proof  of  their  sympathy,  have  chosen 
this  day  as  one  particularly  adapted  to  make  an  offering  for 
their  benefit. 

They  have  selected  you,  sir,  to  bear  this  humble  fourth  of 
July  offering  ($2,350)  to  Kichmond,  and  there  place  it  in  the 
hands  of  the  President  of  the  society  called  the  "Southern 
Matrons,"  who  will  apply  it  to  the  purpose  for  which  it  was 
intended  ;  and  to  express  to  her,  and  those  ministering  angels 
who  have  so  nobly  assisted  her  in  relieving  and  soothing  the 
sufferings  of  so  many  whom  the  fortunes  of  war  have  placed 
under  their  hands,  our  unqualified  admiration  for  deeds  of 
self-sacrifice  which  have  shed  additional  lustre  upon  a  name 
already  hallowed  by  associations  and  recollections  calcula- 
ted to  inspire  the  wildest  enthusiasm  in  the  breast  of  the 
soldier. 

You  will  also  express  to  the  President  of  the  society  the 
deep  and  heartfelt  sympathy  we  feel  for  the  suffering  soldiers 
and  the  pride  inspired  by  the  manner  with  which  they  have 
acquitted  themselves  in  that  and  all  other  engagements  in 
which  they  have  been  participants  since  the  commencement 
of  the  revolution. 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  90 

Enclosed  you  will  find  subscription  list,  with  the  names  of 
the  donors  attached  and  the  amounts  subscribed  by  each; 
1  have  the  honor  to  be, 
Very  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

Eugene  Erwin; 
•      Lieut.  Col.  Com'g  Bat.  Mt'd  Con.  Vols. 
To  Rev.  John  E.  BennetTj  Chaplain  3rd  brigade* 

Headquarters  Army  of  the  West,  ) 
Camp  at  Princeville,  Miss.,      V 
July  14,  1862.  ) 
Rev.  John  R.  Bennett: 

Dear  Sir:  You  will  see  from  the  accompanying  letter, 
addressed  to  me  by  Col.  E.  Gates,  that  the  officers  and  men 
of  his,  the  1st  Regiment  of  Missouri  Cavalry,  have  requested 
me  to  transmit  to  Richmond  two  thousand  three  hundred  and 
fifty  dollars  which  they  have  contributed  for  the  relief  of  the 
Southern  soldiers  who  were  wounded  in  the  late  battle  before 
Richmond.  As  the  officers  and  men  of  Lieut.  Col.  Erwin'a 
Battalion  of*Missouri  Infantry  have  delegated  you  to  bear  to 
Richmond  a  like  sum,  which  they,  too,  have  contributed  for 
the  same  object,  I  must  ask  that  you  will  be  the  bearer  also 
of  the  contribution  made  by  Col.  Gates'  regiment,  and  that 
you  will  hand  it  over  to  those  who  will  expend  it  in  sxfth  a 
way,  as  to  accomplish  most  fully  the  kind  purposes  of  the 
givers. 

This  generous  act  of  these  veteran  troops,  nearly  all  who 
fought  under  me  in  the  arduous  campaign  in  Missouri,  and 
participated  of  all  its  glorious  victories,  is  but  another  proof 
of  the  exalted  patriotism  and  wide  reaching  sympathy  and 
fraternity  which  distinguish  our  Southern  soldiers,  and  which 
prove  tliat  they  will  faithfully  stand  by  one  another  Until  the 
independence  of  every  one  of  the  Southern  States  shall  have 
been  established. 

I  am,  very  respectfully. 

Your  obedient  servant. 

Sterling  Price, 
Major-General  Commanding. 


Headquarters  1st  Cavalry,  1st  Brigade, 
Army  of  the  West. 
Princeville,  July  12,  1862. 


100  confederate  monitor 

Maj.  Gen.  S.  Price  : 

Dear  Sir :  The  officers  and  men  of  the  Missouri  Cavalry- 
having  a  lively  appreciation  of  the  gallantry  and  fortitude 
of  our  brothers  in  arms  before  Richmond,  and  not  being  able 
to  share  with  them  the  dangers  and  glory  of  driving  the  in- 
vader from  before  our  capital,  desire  through  you  to  give 
some  material  of  their  gratitude  to,  and  consideration  for, 
those  who  were  so  unfortunate  as  to  receive  wounds  in  the 
late  glorious  conflict.  You  will  be  pleased  to  receive  here- 
with and  transmit  in  such  manner  as  may  seem  best  to  you, 
to  such  parties  in  Richmond  as  your  judgment  may  suggest, 
the  sum  of  $2,350  for  the  purpose  indicated. 

(Signed)  Elijah  Gates, 

Col.  Com.  1st  Missouri  Cavalry  Regiment. 


Richmond,  Va.,  July  26,  1862. 

Col.  Wm.  P.  Munford:  Dear  Sir:  The  annexed  cor- 
respondence will  explain  my  mission  to  this  city  : 

Finding,  after  diligent  enquiry,  no  such  association  as  the 
"Southern  Matrons,"  and,  believing  that  the  Young  Men's 
Christian  Association  was  acting  in  conjunction  with  the  La- 
dies' Soldiers'  Aid  Society,  for  the  proper  distribution  of 
funds  for  the  relief  of  our  sick  and  wounded  soldiers.  I  have 
determined  to  place  the  amount  contributed  by  CoL,  Erwin's 
Battallion  and  Col.  Gates'  Regiment  in  your  hands,  feeling 
assured,  from  what  I  have  learned  of  the  zeal  and  fidelity  of 
your  association  in  connection  with  the  Ladies  of  the  Soldiers' 
Aid  Society,  that  this  gift  of  the  generous  donors  will  be 
faithfully  and  successfully  applied  for  the  relief  of  our  suffer- 
ing fellow-soldiers. 

Permit,  me,  sir,  to  tender,  through  you,  to  all  the  gallant 
men  who  fought  in  the  battles  in  front  of  this  city,  and  who 
shall  hereafter  bear  the  proofs  of  their  valor  in  honorable 
scars,  ths  sincere  sympathy  of  their  comrades  of  the  Missouri 
army  ;  and  to  assure  them  that  it  would  have  given  us  no  less 
pleasure  to  have  shared  with  them  the  perils  and  the  glory 
of  defending  the  Capital,  than  it  does  now  in  seeking,  by  this 
humble  offering,  to  remind  them  that  we  are  one  with  them 
in  the  cause  of  our  whole  country,  and  that  the  soldiers  of 
the  Western  Army  feel  most  deeply  for  them  in  their  pres- 
ent sufferings. 

Yours,  most  respectfully, 

John  R.  Bennett. 


101 

Depot  Army  Committee  Y.  M.  C.  A.      ") 
And  Ladies'  Soldiers'  Aid  Society,  >• 
Richmond,  July  26th,  1862.      ) 
Rev.  John  R.  Bennett  : 

Bear  Sir  :  I  have  received  your  favor  of  this  date,  with 
the  sum  of  four  thousand  seven  hundred  dollars,  contributed 
by  the  Western  Army  for  the  reliet  of  the  gallant  soldiers 
who  were  wounded  in  the  recent  battles  for  the  defence  of 
this  city.  It  will  afford  our  association  much  pleasure,  in  con- 
junction with  the  Soldiers'  Aid  Society,  to  apply  this  fund  to 
the  best  advantage,  in  accordance  with  the  wishes  of  the  gen- 
erous contributors. 

The  valor  and  generosity  of  our  soldiers,  seconded  by  the 
benevolence  of  the  ladies  and  the  justice  of  our  cause,  will,  I 
trust,  through  the  blessing  of  Providence,  soon  secure  the  in- 
dependence of  the  Confederate  States. 

Yours  respectfully, 
Wm.  p.  Munford,  Chairman. 
Richmond  (  Fa.)  Enquirer. 


OUR  DUTY  TO  THE  SOLDIER. 

The  sun  shines  in  unclouded  brightness  upon  the  cause  ot 
the  South.  The  skill  of  our  Generals  and  the  valor  of  our 
soldiers  have  been  most  brilliantly  manifested.  Twenty-eight 
battles  have  been  fought  in  the  last  three  months,  and  out  of 
twenty-six  of  them  we  have  come  forth  victors,  and  in  the 
numerous  lesser  engagements  that  have  taken  place  during 
that  period  we  have  shown  ourselves  superior  to  the  foe  in 
all  the  elements  that  constitute  the  soldier. 

Several  of  these  conflicts  have  been  of  momentous  impor- 
tance. The  evils  they  delivered  us  from  were  of  the  most 
terrible  nature,  and  the  heart  grows  sick  in  the  contempla- 
tion of  the  woes^the  bloody  and  vindictive  enemy  would  have 
visited  upon  us.  All  the  benefits  these  signal  successes  have 
secured  are  not  so  manifest.  They  have  refreshed  our  spir- 
its, excited  our  hopes,  confirmed  our  resolve,  animated  our 
vigor,  fired  our  zeal ;  and  besides  these  moral  eflfects,  they 
have  diminished  the  discomforts  and  privations  of  the  men 
who  compose  our  army,  and  made  our  victorious  legions  the 
more  efficient  and  formidable.     But  the  consequence  of  these 


102  CONFEDERATE   MONITOR 

glorious  results  in  the  wider  circle  of  their  influence  is  mat- 
ter for  conjecture  and  speculation.  We  accept  with  profound 
gratitude  and  exultant  joy  the  fruits  these  victories  have 
yielded,  and  await  with  patience  grounded  on  reasonable 
hope,  the  bestowal  of  the  greater  benefits  and  blessings  the 
future  may  contain.  In  comparison  with  the  remoter  effects 
these  splendid  victories  may  produce,  the  results  we  are  at 
present  rejoicing  over  may  be  as  the  light  of  the  stars  to 
that  of  the  sun,  as  the  rill  to  the  mighty  river. 

Though  we  may  discover  that  we  have  overrated  the  im- 
portance of  these  victories  so  far  as  their  future  effects  are 
concerned,  if  we  fail  to  realize  the  hopes  they  have  given 
rise  to,  the  disappointment  will  not  be  owing  to  any  lack  of 
vigilance  and  energy  on  the  part  of  our  Generals,  or  to  the 
failure  of  the  men  under  their  command  to  come  up  to  the 
full  measure  of  their  arduous  and  dangerous  duties.  Our 
army  has  already  done  enough  to^entitle  it  to  the  praise  and 
gratitude  of  the  country.  We  cannot  overrate  the  debt  of 
obligations  we  are  under  to  these  able,  brave,  and  noble  men. 
Their  sublime  fortitude,  their  heroic  valor,  imm.oveable  firm- 
ness, untiring  energy,  boundless  confidence,  prompt  and 
cheerful  obedience,  have  made  their  names  a  pride  and  a  glory, 
and  reflected  undying  renown  upon  the  infant  Confederacy. 

It  is  not  by  pouring  forth  upon  them  the  fragrant  ointment 
of  praise,  by  lauding  their  courage  and  resolution,  we  show 
our  appreciation  of  their  great  services,  and  give  expression 
to  our  gratitude  We  must  do  this,  but  if  we  do  this  and 
nothing  more,  we  fall  far  below  the  requirements  of  our  du- 
ty to  them,  to  the  country,  and  the  cause.  Our  applause 
refreshes  their  energies,  strengthens  their  heroic  souls,  makes 
their  courage  the  more  firm  and  the  more  dashing,  and  is 
most  wholesome  in  its  effects  upon  their  spirits,  but  these 
pleasing  words  do  not  lighten  the  burden  of  their  hardships, 
or  furnish  them  with  any  substantial  comfort.  We  should 
do  more  than  rejoice  in  their  achievements  and  glory  in  their 
gallantry  and  courage.  Those  noble  men  have  undergone 
toils,  and  sacrifices,  and  sufferings,  that  have  put  their  patri- 
otism to  the  severest  test.  Since  Spring  those  who  fought 
the  battles  in  whose  issue  we  are  now  exulting,  have  not 
known  the  luxury  of  a  tent,  and  have  subsisted  on  the  coars- 
est fare  in  scanty  measure,  and  thousands  are  barefeoted  and 
in  rags.     They  have  labored  night  and  day  with  the  spade 


AITD  PATRIOl's  FRIEND.  103 

and  shovel,  and  long  marches,  and  often  gone  into  battle 
hungry  and  weary,  with  blistered  and  bleeding  feet. 

Under  the  most  favorable  circumstances  they  must  needs 
be  subjected  to  many  discomforts  and  hardships,  but  we 
should  see  to  it  that  they  are  not  required  to  endure  greater 
evils  than  the  necessities  of  the  case  make  unavoidable.  We 
must  administer  to  them  our  abundance,  and  even  deny  our- 
selves accustomed  blessings,  that  we  may  mitigate  the 
hardness  of  their  lot.  We  can  do  a  great  deal,  and  it  is  our 
bounden  duty  to  do  our  utmost.  The  praise  we  delight  in 
bestowing  upon  their  bravery  and  spirit  will  be  infinitely 
more  grateful  if  accompanied  with  some  comfort  for  the 
physical  man.  The  leaves  have  begun  to  fall  and  in  a  short 
time  the  air  will  grow  raw  and  frosty.  They  need  warm  and 
comfortable  clothing;  let  us  address  ourselves  to  the  good 
work  of  supplying  these  wants.  By  providing  for  their  bod- 
ies we  shall  make  them  more  strong  for  toil,  better  enabled 
to  bear  exposure,  less  liable  to  disease,  and  more  terrible  to 
the  foe. 

We  expect  them  to  perform  great  achievements.  They 
are  making  stupendous  exertions.  The  successes  that  have 
rewarded  their  energy  and  valor  have  opened  before  them  a 
new  road  to  glorious  deeds.  We,  too,  should  bestir  ourselves 
and  give  convincing  and  timely  evidence  of  our  gratefnl  ap- 
preciation of  their  bravery  and  resolution.  Let  us  perform 
our  duty  to  these  champions  of  liberty,  in  the  same  spirit 
that  marks  their  obedience  and  fortitude  and  valor,  and  the 
work  we  do  for  them,  the  sacrifices  we  make  for  their  comfort, 
will  redound  to  the  good  of  the  cause  in  which  we  have  em- 
barked our  all. —  Charleston   Courier,  Sei^t.,  1862. 


SYMPATHY. 

The  great  secret  of  human  happiness  is  human  sympathy. 

Can  a  man  live  without  it  ?     Such  life  would  not  be  living. 

The  oft-quoted  author  of  "  Leaves  of  Grass  "  in  one  of  his 

expressive  lines  says— - 

"He  who  .ETOCS  q,  furlong  without  sympathy 
Walks  to  ills  own  funeral,  dressed  in  bis  shroud." 

It  is  about  so.     We  cannot  truly  enjoy  anything  alone.     We 

must  at  least  carry  our  friends,  memories,  and  hopes  in  our 

hearts,  to  render  solitude  endurable.     The  man  who  detaches 


104  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

himself  from  the  chain  of  human  sympathy,  even  to  pray, 
worships  a  false  God.  To  pray  for  one's  self  alone  implies 
a  devilish  egotism,  and  is  mere  mockery.  Love  is  the  soul 
of  religion ;  and  love  is  but  another  name  for  sympathy. 

Selfishness  is  its  own  worst-  enemy.  If  you  keep  your 
good  fortune  all  to  yourself,  you  turn  it  into  ill  fortune.  But 
share  a  blessing  with  another,  and  it  is  increased  four-fold. 
Open  your  heart,  and  it  grows  larger  ;  but  lock  it  up,  and  it 
shrivels  like  a  windfall  pippin.  Your  own  instinct  teaches 
you  this.  If  you  have  good  tidings,  you  hasten  to  tell  them. 
If  you  are  unfortunate,  nothing  is  so  sweet  to  you  as  the 
consolation  of  a  friend.  If  you  are  ill,  what  music  in  the 
voice  at  your  bedside,  how  beautifully  the  loving  face  shines 
upon  you  !  If  you  have  found  some  pure  sources  of  happi- 
ness, you  are  not  fully  content  till  you  have  led  others  to  the 
fountain.  What  you  enjoy,  you  desire  to  impart  to  your 
friends.  You  want  others  to  appreciate  the  beauties  of  the 
poems  you  admire,  the  picture  you  have  studied,  the  land- 
scape that  delights  you.  If  you  are  honored,  the  satisfaction 
is  in  feeling  that  some  one  you  love  or  reverence  is  aware  of 
your  acquisition.  The  true  ambition  for  wealth  seeks  it  but 
as  a  means  for  impressing  the  hearts  and  imaginations  of  men. 
You  wish  to  be  loved,  esteemed,  or  to  do  good,  through 
your  riches.  In  short,  a  sub-stratum  of  sympathy  will  be 
found  to  underlie  every  true  ambition,  all  happiness.  It  is 
the  perversion  of  this  instinct  into  a  love  of  selfish  gratifica- 
tion and  power,  that  results  in  meanness,  misery,  and  crime. 
— Southern  Illustrated  Netcs.. 


OUR  NEW  STAR  SPANGLED  BANNER. 
The  patriotic  song  of  the  Star  Spangled  Banner  is  a  South- 
ern production  and  belongs  to  us. 

Let  us  sing  of  our  stars  in  a  new  constellation.  Our  birth- 
right they  will  shield  from  a  barbarous  nation.  Let  every 
Southern  patriot  read  the  following  with  grateful  remem- 
brance to  the  honor  of  Francis  S.  Key. 

H.  W.  R.  J. 

[for  the  RICHMOND  WHIG.] 

To  the  Committees  of  Congress  on  the  Confederate  Flag : 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  105 

I  respectfully  submit  for  your  selection  two  designs  for  our 
Confederate  flag,  each  of  which  is  studded  over  with  stars  to 
represent  the  true  "Star-Spangled  Banner"  of  the  glorious 
old  ballad,  composed  by  that  whole-souled  Southerner  and 
Slave  holder,  Francis  S.  Key,  whose  utter  contempt  of  the 
Yankee  character  was  so  admirably  expressed  in  his  terse 
definition  of  the  genus  Yankee  as  being  "  in  commerce  a  cheat 
— in  politics  a  snake — in  religion  a  hypocrite.  To  allow  the 
swindling  Yankees  to  filch  from  us  this  grand  Southerii  bal- 
lad and  its  appropriate  flag  would  amount  to  a  dereliction  of 
duty  to  the  noble  dead.  The  indignant  spirit  of  the  depart- 
ed author  would  rise  up  to  protest  against  the  sacrilege,  I 
therefore  implore  you  to  rescue  from  the  unhallowed  grasp 
of  the  Yankees  these  long  cherished  stanzas  by  adopting 
some  standard  to  whose  folds  they  may  be  appropriately  ap- 
plied. The  South  should  never  allow  the  Yankees  to  usurp 
either  that  ballad  or  its  corresponding  banner.  The  flag  of 
the  Yankee  is  most  properly  the  despotic  flag  of  the  stripes, 
whilst  that  of  the  South  is  the  Banner  of  the  Stars. 

*'  When  clouds  of  pppresssion  o'ershaded 

The  Banner  that  Liberty  bore, 
The  stars  from  its  galaxy  faded,  ;- 

The  day  of  its  splendor  was  o'er. 
Those  stars  in  a  ?iew  constellation. 

The  sky  of  the  South  now  adorn. 
And  proclaim  to  each  civilized  nation 

That  Freedom's  true  Banner  is  born." 

Then,  indeed,  may  be  sounded,  in  truth  and  sincerity,  that 
noble  refi'ain — 

"The  star-spangled  banner  in  triumph  shall  wave 
O'er  the  land  of  the  free  and  the  home  of  the  brave." 

In  the  first  design  presented,  the  field  is  blue,  with  a  diago- 
nal cross  of  stars  equal  in  number  to  the  Confederate  States; 
the  union  is  red,  with  a  circle  of  stars,  also  equal  in  number 
to  our  Confederate  States.  In  the  second  design,  the  field  is 
red,  with  a  simple  (or  straight)  cross  of  stars  conforming  in 
number  to  the  Confederate  States  ;  the  diagonal  cross  is  blue, 
studded  with  stars,  also  equal  in  number  to  our  States. 
Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

Lewis  Cuiger,  of  S.  C. 

E* 


106  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

A  PATRIOTIC  SONG  FROM  ACROSS  THE  WATERS. 
We  have  been  favored  with  a  copy  of  the  following  beau- 
tiful soul-stirring  lines  from  the  pen  of  Mrs.  Ellen  Key  Blunt, 
daughter  of  the  late  Francis  Key,  the  well  known  author  of 
the  "  Star  Spangled  Banner,"  to  whom  and  his  song  a  touch- 
ing allusion  is  made  in  the  second  stanza.  Accompanying 
the  lines  is  a  model  of  a  national  flag,  in  which  thirteen  stars, 
equal  to  the  number  of  the  thirteen  States,  are  arranged  in  the 
form  of  a  cross  on  a  blue  ground,  the  red  and  white  bars  be- 
ing disposed  at  as  present ; 

THE  SOUTHERN  CROSS, 

Jn  the  name  of  God  !  Amen ! 

Stand  for  our  southern  rights! 
Over  ye,  Southern  men, 

The  God  of  Battles  fights  ! 
Fling  the  invaders  far, 

Hurl  back  their  work  of  woe ; 
The  voice  is  the  voice  of  a  brother, 

But  the  hands  are  the  hands  of  a  foe. 
They  come  with  a  trampling  army, 

Invading  our  native  sod — 
Stand  Southrons  !  fight  and  conquer! 

In  the  name  of  the  Mighty  God! 

They're  singing  our  song  of  triumph, 

Which  was  made  to  make  us  fre^. 
While  they're  breaking  away  the  heart-strings 

Ot  our  Nation's  harmony. 
Sadly  it  floateth  from  us. 

Sighing  o'er  land  and  wave, 
Till  mute  on  the  lips  of  the  Poet ; 

It  sleeps  in  his  Southern  grave. 
Spirit  and  Song  departed ! 

Minstrel  and  minstrelsy ! 
We  mourn  thee,  heavy  hearted. 

But  we  will,  we  shall  be  free! 

Thev  are  waving  our  flag  above  us 

With  a  despot's  tyrant  will ; 
With  our  blood  they  have  stained  its  colors, 

And  call  it  holy  still.  ^ 

With  tearful  eye^  but  steady  hand,  ^ 

We'll  tear  its  stripes  apart, 
And  fline  them  like  broken  fetters 

That  may  not  bind  the  heart. 
But  we'll  save  our  stars  of  glory, 

In  the  might  of  the  sacred  sign 
Of  Him  who  has  fixed  forever 

Our  Southern  cross  to  shine. 


107 


Stand,  Southerns!  stand  and  conquer! 

Solemn  and  strong  and  sure ! 
The  strife  shall  not  be  longer 
Than  God  shall  bid  endure. 
I  By  the  life  which  only  yesterday 

»'  Came  with  the  Infant's  breath! 

By  the  feet  which  'ere  the  morn  may 
Tread  to  the  Soldier's  death  I 
J  By  the  blood  which  cries  to  Heaven  ! 

{  Crimson  upon  our  Sod  ! 

'  Stand,  Southerns  !  stand  and  conquer ! 

In  the  name  of  the  Mighty  God! 

(To  his  ExccILbucj  President  Davis, 
From   his  fellow  citizens, 


Paris,  a  8(53. 


Ellen  Key  Blunt. 
J.  T.  MxYsoN  Blunt. 
Of  Maryland  and  Virginia. 


THE  DOCTRINE  OF  THE  NORTH. 

BY  J.  H.  F. 

The  South  must  be  subjugated  :  its  products  are  essential  to  our  pros- 
perity: our  laws  must  be  enforced  over  them  at  every  hazzard  ;  if  the 
people  will  not  submit  they  must  be  exterminated  ;  ravage  and  desolate 
their  country ;  let  fire,  the  sword,  and  poison  do  their  worst ;  leave  them 
no  hope;  permit  no  service  in  their  churches,  unless  they  pray  as  we 
dictate. — Northern  Doctrines  from  Northern  Papers. 

Hear  ye  the  Federals'  taunting  tread, 

Oh,  people  of  this  Southern  land : 
And  is  there  one  among  you  yet 

.  Would  join  with  theirs  your  hand  ? 
"Southrons  bow  down,"  the  Northmen  say, 

And  tribute  to  us  bring, 
Fear  ye  the  might  we  dow  display 

And  know  us  for  your  King. 

"  We  are  the  masters,  you  the  slaves, 

Our  bidding  you  must  do ; 
That  which  the  Xorth  as  Sovereign  craves 

Though  sore  ye  Southrons  rue. 
Must  }  et  be  done,  or  we  will  bring 

The  poison  and  the  rope, 
And  round  all  Southron  homes  will  fling 

A  fear  that  has  no  hope. 

"  We  want  the  products  of  your  soil 

The  labor  of  your  hands  : 
Then  forth,  and  dig  and  delve  and  toil — 

Obey  ye  our  commands! 
And  ye  may  live  that  groveling  life 

The  Northern  poor  now  wear; 
A  long  continued,  struggling  strife 

Twixt  hope  and  wild  despair 


108  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR. 

"  And  if  J  e  look  to  Heaven  above 

For  help  from  the  Most  High, 
Beseech  not  of  that  Gofrof  Love 

Heart  thoughts  to  sane  ify. 
For  3^e  might  ask  of  Him  to  bless 

Your  caus' ,  your  hoiie,  and  aim, 
Therefore  '  pra)'^  not  to  Him,  unless 

With  lying  heart  and  shame.' " 


Missitsippian. 


(From  the  RUhmond  Whig,) 

THE  BATTLE  OF  SHILOH. 


BY   MR,S.    MARY   S.    WIIITAKER. 


On  Shiloh's  field  opposing  armies  stand, 
One  to  invade — one  to  defend  our  land  — 
Prcsum|)luous  those,  urged  on  by  ruthless  hate, 
Those,  in  a  holy  cause,  resolved  and  great. 

A  war-cry  rends  the  air  with  deafening  sound, 
As  dread  prtillery's  lightning  flashes  round, 
Dark  battle  clouds  obscure  the  light  of  day, 
And  fiery  steeds  rush  headlong  to  the  fray. 

Proudlv  they  tread— that  gallant  Southern  host, 
Forth  marshalled  there  from  mountain,  grove  and  coast, 
Their  hearts  beat  high,  they  thunder  on  the  foe, 
And,  like  a  whirlwind,  to  the  conflict  go! 

Fierce  grows  the  fight !     On,  Southrons  !     Charge  amain  ! 
Victorious  floats  your  banner  o'er  the  slain  ! 
They  waver — they  retreat — the  Vandals  fly — 
Exultant  shouts  rise  frequent  to  the  sky! 

Our  cup  of  joy  is  drugged  with  bitter  grief, 
As  midst  the  foe,  on  rides  our  hero  chief; 
But  pale  his  visage,  and  a  crimson  tide. 
Wells  slowly  forth  adown  his  courser's  side. 

Eternal  shadows  darken  o'er  the  eye. 
Whose  soul-lit  glance  led  on  to  victory; 
The  clarion  voice  is  mute  which  ruled  the  bold, 
The  lion  heart  is  pulseless  now  and  cold. 

On  victory's  bright  breast  he  laid  his  head, 
Her  shining  arms  enfold  the  warrior  dead  ; 
A  graleliil  South  shall  long  her  loss  deplore, 
And  Johnston's  name  be  honored  evermore  ' 


109 

OH!   WEEP  NOT  FOR  THE  SOLDIER  LAD. 

Written  in  memory  of  Sergeaift  John  H.  Breckinridge^  who  fell  in  th? 
in  the  Battle  of  the  Seven  Pines,  at  the  post  of  danger,  while  defending 
h  is  beloved  con  ntry.     He  died  in  the  11th  year  of  his  age. 

Oh  !  weep  not  for  the  soldier,  lad, 

Though  lowly  is  his  bed, 
And  Death  has  east  his  chilling  dews 

About  his  lair  young  head. 
He  fell  as  brave  men  seek  to  fall, 

'Twas  foremost  in  the  fight. — 
The  shot  were  falling  thick  and  fast, — 

The  battle  at  its  height. 
He  fell  -but  sisters  blest  him. 

And  mothers  breathed  his  name. 
As  if 'twere  hallowed  in  their  hearts, 

Though  all  unknown  to  fame  ; 
And  aged  men  did  reverence  him, 

As  o'er  the  bier  they  stood, 
For  the  priceless  boon  to  Freedom  given.— 

This  yonng  heart's  noble  blood. 

He  fell,  while  t^houts  of  victory 

Rang  loud  o'er  hill  and  plain — 
Oh  I  welcome  sound  !     He  e'en  forgot 

His  agony  of  pain, 
lie  e'en  forgot  that  life's  pure  stream 

Was  ebbing  fast  away, 
And  whilst  yet  in  its  dawning, 

He  saw  the  close  of  day. 
For  the  dastard  foe  had  faltered, 

And  our  own,  our  brave  men  stood, 
To  make  a  barrier  of  their  forms — 

A  river  of  their  blood  ; — 
And  louder,  wilder  grew  the  shout, 

As  on  the  foe  they  pressed. 
Though  many  a  soldier  fell  like  ours, 

A  death-shot  in  his  breast 

He  fell  I — but  oh.  rich  legacy  ! 

Gave  to  his  country  dear — 
A  life,  young,  brave,  unspotted — 

Yea,  unshadowed  by  a  care. 
'Twas  not  Ambition  led  the  way  ; 

Too  young  to  dream  of  fame, 
He  sought  not  on  the  batlle-tield, 

To  win  himself  a  name. 
But  the  noble,  patriot  heart  that  beat, 

Withiiv  that  bosom  brave, 
Could  never  yield  to  Tyranny; 

'Twas  thus  he  found  his  grave— 
'Twas  thus  he  gave  up  all  of  life, 

Friends,  home, — a  mother's  kiss, — 
A  patriot  true — can  words  adorn 

A  noble  deed  like  this  ? 


110  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

Oh,  weep  not!  he  is  marching 

To  a  country  far  away, 
He  feels  no  more  the  burning  thirst, 

The  noontide's  scorching  ray  ; 
What  though  the  path  mysterious  be — 

Mysterious,  dark  and  lone! 
'Tis  the  same  path  our  Savior  trod, 

The  soldier  la'd  hath  gone. 
No  martial  music  greets  him, 

No  camp-fire  burning  nigh, 
But  a  star  is  shining  in  the  East, 

'Tis  there  he  turns  his  eye  ; 
And  ere  his  earthly  toils  are  o'er, 

Or  life's  young  chords  were  riven, 
An  angel  lingered  by  his  side, 

To  point  the  road  to  Heaven. 

Oh,  weep  not!  He  is  marching 

To  a  country  far  away. 
Though  he  seemeth  to  our  mortal  eyes, 

A  lifeless  form  of  clay. 
Beneath  the  banner  of  the  cross, 

Methinks  I  see  him  now — 
The  same  sweet  smile  upon  his  face, 

A  halo  on  his  brow. 
He  joins  the  mighty  Conqueror, 

He  fadeth  from  the  sight. 
His  robes,  once  soiled  and  torn,  are  changed 

For  robes  of  dazzling  light  ; 
And  in  the  Resurrection  morn, 

A  soldier  still  he'll  be. 
Faithful,  and  listening  for  that  sound, 

The  last  Grand  Reveille. 
Botetourt  County.  Melodia. 


The  Voices  of  1§62, 


AX    AFTER   ACT,    PERFORMED    AT   THK  AMATEUR  CONCERT   GIVEN   IN  GREKN- 

viLLE,  (ala.,)  JULY  18th,  1862. 

Enter  SOUTH  CAROLINA Miss  A.  Porter. 

Though  the  Vandal's  step  pollutes  my  shore, 

From  my  burnt  and  blackened  field? 
Rings  out  the  cry  I  learned  of  yore: 
Carolina  never  yields. 

Enter  FLORIDA, Miss  V.  Knowles. 

Florida's  sons  on  Virginia  soil, 

Are  pouring  out  their  blood  ; 
While  with  breaking  hearts,  her  daughters  toil, 

For  the  noble,  brave,  and  good. 


Ill 

Enter  GEORGIA, .....Miss  C.  Oliver. 

Hark  !  on  my  mountain  and  my  main, 

-Uoes  the  deafening  cannon  roar  j 
But  Georgia  swears  by  her  heroes  slain, 
To  conquer  or  live  no  more. 

Evter  ALABAMA, Miss  V.  De  Villiers 

I  stand  to  the  pledge  I  gave,  when  I  swore 

With  my  sisters  to  live  or  die. 
Alabama's  sons  and  daughters  adore, 

The  God  of  Tnuh  on  high  ! 

Enter  MISSISSIPPI, Miss  A.  Key. 

Let  Shiloh's  plain  attest  my  truth, 

And  Donelsoa's  tale  of  shame; 
How  Mississippi  can  tight,  in  sooth, 

For  her  rights  and  her  fair  fame. 

Enter  NORTH  CAROLINA, Miss  S.  Dunklin. 

Though  every  foot  of  the  old  North  State, 

Should  prove  a  Roanoke  disaster, 
From  the  Dan  River  down  to  Pamlico, 

IShe'll  rebel  but  the.faster  and  faster. 

Enter  TENNESSEE, Miss  E.  Porter. 

Though  a  traitor  mocks  my  woe, 

Though  a  brother's  hands  betray  ; 
Tennessee  will  ne'er  to  the  foe 

0{  her  soil  and  her  rights  give  way. 

Enter  KENTUCKY, Miss  M.  Thames 

Kentucky  may  now  to  the  Vandal  quail, 

But  yt  t  she'll  arise  in  her  might, 
And  tell  another  and  fearful  tale, 
To  pay  for  that  Donelson  fight 

Enter  ARKANSAS, Miss   P.  De  Villiers 

When  all  the  stars  of  the  Scmthern  cross 

Fade  in  the  Southern  sky, 
Arkansas  scarce  will  count  their  loss 
She'll  think,  but  to  conquer  or  die. 

Enter  MISSOURI, Miss  E.  Oliver. 

From  Missouri'.*!  turf  there  will  yet  arise, 
A  cry  to  the  God  on  high, 
To  avenge  her  outraged  liberties, 
And  clear  her  darkened  sky. 

Enter  VIRGINIA, m^,,  T  Herbert. 

By  the  sacred  blood  they  pour 

From  Southern  hearts  on  mej 
By  Richmend's  fields  of  yore, 
Virginia  swears  to  be  free. 


112  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

Enter  LOUISIANA, , Msss  M.  Dunklin. 

List!  From  the  Crescent  City, 

Rif'gs  out  a  voice  of  wail ; 
The  cry  of  her  outraged  daughters, 
Swells  on  Louisiana's  gale. 

Enter  TEXAS, Miss  S.  Ford^ 

Texas  has  heard  that  maddening  cry  ; 
Butler,  foul  heart,  does  she  swear, 
By  the  Ranger's  hand  shall  surely  die. 
While  his  corse  shall  the  vulture  tear. 

Enter  MARYLAND, Miss  M.  Ellsworth. 

Oh  !  sisters,  help  for  Maryland  ! 

Oh!  mother,  hear  my  prayer! 
Help  for  the  down-trodden,  mourning  band, 
Who  plead  your  fate  to  share  ! 

Enter  SOUTHERN  CONFEDERACY, Miss  P 

Daughters!  whose  cry  swells  on  the  gale? 

'Tis  thine,  my  Maryland. 
A  mother's  love  can  never  fail. 

Come!  jon  her  peer(j?ss  band. 
Come  !  live  or  die  with  those  you  love, 

Your  sisters  bid  you  live  ; 
Their  sons  will  yet  in  battle  prove,  ^ 

How  richly  they  can  give  ^ 

Freedom  to  her  who'll  meekly  bear  •  :\ 

The  tyrant's  chains,  until 
We  from  her  limbs  the  shackles  tear, 

And  then  she'll  prove  her  will 
To  place  her  radiant,  beaming  star 
Where  glory's  arch  still  shines  afar. 
[Charleston  Courier. 


STONEWALL  JACKSON. 


BY  THE  REV.  JOHN  C.  MCABE,  D.  D.,  CHAPLAIN  CONFEDERATE 
STATES    ARMY. 

I. 

There  he  stands,  our  brave  hero  !  like  "  Stonewall  "  built  by  the  sound- 
ing sea, 
A  tower  of  strength  and  a  tower  of  might — a  gallant  warrior  he  ! 
And  the  waves  of  a  furious   oppression  break   harmless  against  him 

there. 
For  he  trusts  in  the  Lord  Jehoyah's  strength,  ever,  and   ''  instant  in 

prayer.'' 
J  e  leans  on  the  hand  of  the  Mighty  One.  nor  of  human  prowess  boasts- 
Aye,  his  trust  is  in  the  conquering  arm  of  the  glorious  Lord  of  hosts. 

II. 
We  ask  for  no  brimming  beacon  light — noBacchanalian  draught  to  him; 
No  carved,  red  wine  cup  pledged  to  his  *' onward  "  move,  sjiarkling  to 
the  brim — 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  113 

But,  we  ask  a  prayer  from  each  patriot  heart  whea  the  battle  strife 

rules  wide. 
That  '•  God  and  good  Angels,"   as  before,  may  still  fight  on  our  hero's 

side  ; 
That  He  to  our  "  Stonewall  "  defender,  maybe  both  a  Tower  and  Rock, 
Meeting  the  myriad  waves  of  the   spoiler,  and  shivering  them  in  the 

shock. 

ni 
His  name  to  us  a  pillow  of  light,  a  wilderness  cloud  to  our  foes. 
Haunting,  ard  scaring  by  day  and   night,  from  their  guilty  and  short 

repose ; 
His  prowess,  a  terror,  invaders  to  check — a  token  known  full  well, 
On  fields  where  the  cowardly  vandal*  have  waved,  and  faltered — and 

fell. 
His  faith  in  his  God,  a  Symbol  to  us  that|"  onward"  his  march  shall  be, 
'Till  those  who  noyrp>»e  'neath  a  Despot's  power,  shall  like  ourselves 

be  free.* 


And  'round  him  are  gathered  true  hearts — brave  men  ready  to  do  or  to 

die ; 
And  they  watch  with  pride,  and  with  pleasure  too,  the  glance  of  his 

eagle  eye, 
As  the  light  on  his  blazing  falchion  flashes  luminous  on  their  gaze, 
And  reflects  its  Heavenly  brightness,  as  on  musket  and  brand  it  plays. 
So  hurrah  for  "Old  Stonewall  Jackson,"  for  the  foe  have  been  made  to 

feel 
The  shock  of  his  thundering  columns — the  weight  of  his  glittering  steel! 

V. 

When  the  madness  that  rules  the  hour,  and  the  terror  that  has  its  day 
Shall  have  swept  with  an  under-tow  to  the  North,  ruin  on  their  stormy 

spray : 
Leaving  wrecks  all  scattered  and  stranded,  the  wrecks  of  a  glorious 

past — 
Aye,  wrecks  of  a  beautiful  Union  once — a  Union  that  could  not  last. 
Because  it  Mas  scuttled  and  broken  by  those  Northmen  crafty  and  base, 
"Who  stranded  the  gallant  ship  of  State  on  the  shoals  of  a  dark  disgrace. 

VI. 

Those  bold  men  who  have  stood  in  the  forum  and  fought  on  the  gory 

field. 
And  battled  for  irulh  and  for  justice,  with  God  for  their  buckler  and 

shield. 
Shall  receive  their  meed  from  the  nations  who  shall  soon  acknowledge 

withjpride. 
The  young,  the  glorious  league,  for  whose  life  confessors  and  martyrs 

have  died  ; 
And  no  name  on  that  scroll  immortal  with  a  brighter  lustre  shall  shine, 
And  no  wreath,  "Old"  Stonewall  Jackson,  shall  be  greener  than  that 

which  is  thine. 


*The  people  of  Maryland. 


114  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

THE  ACTS  OF  THE  LAST  SESSION  OF  CONGUESS. 
The  following  for  the  year  1862  which  we  find  in  the  Rich- 
mond  Whip  will  answer  many  inquiries  as  to  what  Congress 
did  and  did  not: 

THE  ATIMY. 

No.  4 — Provides  for  the  organization  of  army  corps,  to 
be  commanded  by  Lieutenant-Gcnerals. 

No.  32 — Authorizes  the  President  to  organize  divisions 
of  the  provisional  army  in  army  corps,  and  appoint  officers 
to  the  command  thereof. 

No.  5 — Authorizes  the  appointment  of  additional  officers 
of  artillery  for  ordnance  duties. 

No.  7 — Makes  it  the  duti/  of  the  Secretary  of  War  to 
transfer  any  private  or  non-commissioned  officer  who  may 
be  in  a  reginient  from  a  State  of  the  Confederacy  other  than 
his  own,  to  a  regiment  from  his  own  State,  whenever  such 
private  or  non-commissioned  officer  may  apply  for  such  trans- 
fer, and  whenever  such  transfer  can  be  made  without  injury 
to  the  public  service.  This  act  does  not  apply  to  any  one  - 
v/ho  has  enlisted  as  a  substitute.  1 

No.  26 — Authorizes  the  Secretary  of  war  to  furnish  trans-    " 
portation  whenever  he  grants  transfers  agreeable  to  the  act 
No.  7. 

No.  10 — Confers  rank  on  officers  of  the  Engineer  Corps  of 
the  Provisional  Army  equal  to  that  of  the  Engineer  Corps 
of  the  Confederate  States  Army. 

No.  15 — Increases  the  Signal-Corps. 

No.  17 — Is  the  new  Conscript  Act. 

No.  25 — Extends  the  provisions  of  an  act  approved  Au- 
gust 3Ist,  1862,  relative  to  Adjutants,  so  as  to  apply  to  inde- 
pendent battalions,  etc. 

No.  30 — Provides  that  claims  due  to  deceased  non-com- 
missioned officers  and  privates  for  pay,  allowances,  and  boun- 
ty, may  be  audited  and  paid  without  requiring  the  production 
of  a  pay- roll  from  the  commanding  officer,  where  thei-e  is 
other  official  evidence.  The  other  sections  of  this  act  pro- 
vide for  the  employment  of  additional  Clerks,  and  otherwise 
for  the  prompt  settlement  ,of  the  claim?  of  deceased  officers 
and  soldiers. 

No.  37 — Authorizes  the  establishment  of  camps  of  instruc- 
tion in  the  several  States,  and  the  appointment  of  officers  to 
command  the  same. 


i 


A¥D  patriot's  friend.  115 

No.  38 — Requires  the  Secretary  of  War  to  furnish  uni- 
form clothing  to  soldiers,  instead  of  commutation  therefor. 

No.  42 — Provides  that  all  persons  subject  to  enrollment 
for  military  service  may  be  enrolled  wherever  found,  unless 
in  actual  service,  without  the  limits  of  the  State  as  a  mem- 
ber '-fa  military  organization  under  any  State  law.  The 
President  is  authorized  to  suspend  this  as  regards  the  resi- 
dents of  any  locality  where  it  may  be  impracticable  to  exe- 
cute the  conscription  laws. 

No.  43 — Provides  for  the  organization  of  military  courts 
to  attend  the  army  in  the  field.  Each  court  shall  consist  of 
three  members,  to  be  appointed  by  the  President,  and  its  ju- 
risdiction shall  extend  to  all  offences  now  cognizable  by  courts 
marshal,  etc. 

No.  47 — Authorizes  the  Presidsnt  to  accept  and  place  in 
service  regiments  or  battalions,  which  were  organized  prior 
to  1st  October,  1SG2,  although  composed  in  part  of  persons 
between  the  ages  of  18  and  35.  Also  companies,  battalions, 
or  regiments  of  infantry,  raised  or  organized  before  1st  of 
December  next,  in  Middle  and  West  Tennessee,  or  in  North 
Carolina,  East  of  the  Wilmington  and  Weldon  railroad — 
said  troops  to  select  their  own  officers  for  first  election,  but 
all  vacancies  to  be  filled  by  the  President. 

No.  48 — Adds  to  the  Adjutant  and  Inspector-General's  De- 
partment one  Assistant  Adjutant-General  with  the  rank  of 
Colonel. 

No.  49 — Establishes  places  of  rendezvous  for  the  exami- 
nation of  enrolled  men. 

No.  51 — Provides  for  raising  forces  in  the  States  of  Missouri 
and  Kentucky. 

No.  55 — Secures  to  the  soldiers  who  shall  have  entered 
the  army  for  three  years  or  the  war,  the  bounty  granted  by 
act  of  December  14th,  1861,  although  he  may  have  been 
killed  in  battle,  died,  or  been  honorably  discharged  before 
the  expiration  of  the  first  year's  service  of  his  term. 

No.  53 — Is  the  "  exemption  act." 

No.  63— Allows  to  cadets  in  the  service  of  the  C.  S.,  the 
same  pay  as  Second  Lieutenants  of  the  arm  of  service  to 
which  they  are  attached. 

No.  65 — Provides  for  relieving  the  army  of  disqualified, 
disabled,  and  incompetent  officers.  The  1st  section  authori- 
zes the  General  Commanding  a  department  to  appoint  an  Ex- 


116  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

amining  Board  to  inquire  into  and  determine  the  qualifica- 
tions of  officers  brought  to  their  attention.  The  second  sec- 
tion provides  that  whenever  the  Board  shall  determine  that 
any  officer  is  clearly  unfit  to  perform  his  legitimate  and  prop- 
er duties,  or  careless  and  inattentive  in  their  discharge,  they 
shall  report  their  decision  to  the  General,  who  is  authorized 
to  suspend  said  officer,  and  directed  to  transmit  the  decision, 
etc.,  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  under  the  3d  section,  the  Sec- 
retary, if  he  approve  the  finding  of  the  Board  and  the  action 
of  the  General,  shall  lay  the  same  before  the  President,  who 
is  authorized  to  retire  honorably  without  pay,  or  drop  from 
the  army,  the  officer  who  has  been  found  unfit  for  his  posi- 
tion.    The  4th  and  5th  section  relate  to  filling  vacancies. 

No.  7 — Authorizes  the  granting  of  medals  and  badges  of 
distinction  as  a  reward  for  courage  and  good  conduct  in  tlie 
field  of  battle. 

No.  72 — Authorizes  any  number  of  persons  not  less  than 
twenty,  who  are  not  liable  to  military  duty^  to  associate 
themselves  as  a  military  company  for  local  defence,  elect 
their  own  officers,  etc.,  and  shall  be  considered  as  belonging 
to  the  Provisional  Army,  serving  without  pay,  and  entitled, 
when  captured  by  the  enemy,  to  all  the  privileges  of  prison- 
ers of  war.  The  muster  rolls  of  such  companies  are  to  be" 
forwarded  to  the  Secretary  of  War  and  the  President,  or  the 
commander  of  the  military  district  may,  at  any  time,  disband 
such  companies,  etc. 

No.  73 — Authorizes  the  President  to  appoint  twenty  Gen- 
eral officers  in  the  Provisional  army,  and  to  assign  to  them 
such  appropriate  duties  as  he  may  deem  expedient. 

THE  NAvy. 

No.  G — i.\uthorizes  the  issue  of  3,500,000  bonds  to  meet 
a  contract  made  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy  for  six  iron- 
clad vessels  of  war  and  six  steam  engines  and  boilers  com- 
plete, to  be  constructed  abroad. 

No.  11 — Increases  the  number  of  non-commissioned  offi- 
cers and  musicians  in  the  marine  Corps. 

No.  15 — Determines  the  pay  of  the  Engineer-in-Chief 
and  Passed  Assistant  Surgeons  of  the  Army. 

No.  29 — Authorizes  persons  subject  to  conscription  to  en- 
list in  the  navy  and  marine  corps,  and  increases  the  pay  of 
sailors  and  marines  $4  per  month. 

No.  57 — Authorizes  the  appointment  of  three  naval  store 
keepers. 


AND  patriot's  FRIEND.  117 

FINANCIAL. 

No.  8 — Authorizes  the  issue  of  such  additional  amount  of 
•bonds,  certificates  of  stock,  and  Treasury  notes  as  may  be 
required  to  pay  the  appropriations  made  by  Congress  at  its 
last  and  present  session.  Also,  extends  the  authority  to  issue 
reconvertible  bonds  or  certificates  in  exchange  for  Treasury 
notes  from  850,000,000  to  $100,000,000.  Also,  authorizes 
the  payment  of  interest  annually  on  all  interest-bearing  Treas- 
ury notes,  and  authorizes  the  extension  of  the  issue  of  Treas- 
ury notes  under  the  denomination  of  $5  to  the  amount  of 
810,000,000. 

No.  67 — Provides  that  Treasury  notes  issued  after  1st  of 
December  next  shall  be  fundable  only  in  bonds  bearing  in- 
terest at  the  rate  of  seven  per  cent.  Notes  issued  prior  to 
that  date  and  those  now  in  circulation  may  be  funded  within 
six  months  after  public  notice  in  eight  per  cent  bonds,  there- 
after in  seven  per  cent  bonds. 

POSTAL  AFFAIRS. 

No.  13 — Provides  for  the  payment  of  sums  ascertained  to 
'  c  due  for  postal  service  rendered  under  contracts  made  by 
the  United  States  Government  before  the  Confederate  States 
Government  took  charge  of  such  service. 

No.  35 — Authorizes  the  Postmaster  (General  to  employ 
special  agents  to  superintend  and  secure  tlic  certain  and  speedy 
transportation  of  the  mails  across  the  Mississippi  river  at 
such  points  as  may  befound  piacticable. 

No.  60 — Establishes  various  post  routes  therein  named. 

JUDICIAL. 

No.  21 — Divides  the  State  of  Texas  into  two  Judicial 
Districts,  and  provides  for  the  appointment  of  Judges  and 
'officers  in  the  same. 

No.  34 — Authorizes  the  Jud^i^es  of  District  Courts  to 
change  the  place  of  holding  court  in  certain  cases. 

treas#!ry  notes. 

No.  13 — Authorizes  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  to  offer 
a  reward  not  to  exceed  85,000  for  the  apprehension  and  con- 
viction of  any  person  engaged  in  foreign  or  uttering  counter- 
feit Treasury  notes.. 

**  No.  58 — Provides  that  ^ny  person  in  the  service  of  or  ad- 
hering to  the  enemy,  who  shall  pass  or  ofler  to  pass  or  dis- 


118  CONFEDERATE    MONITOR 

pose  of  spurious  or  counterfeit' Botes,  purporting  to  be  Treas* 
ui:y  notes  of  this  Government,  shall,  if  captured^  V-  put  to 
death  by  hanging,  and  every  colilmissloned  pfficer  of  tl;e  ene- 
my who  shall  periiiit  any  offence  mentioned  in  th!«  act  hy  any 
person  under  liis  authority,  shall  also  be  liu^g. 

RESOLUTIONS  OF  THANKS. 

No.  1-^To  Captain  Raphael  Semmps,  officer.s  and  crew  of 
the  steamer  Sumter,  for  gallant  and  iri6ritorious  serviceiS. 

No.  3— ^To  commander  K,  Farrand,  Captain  Ai  Drewry, 
and  officers  and  men  under  their'command,for  the  victoi'yat 
Drewry's  Bluff. 

No.  28— To  Lieutenant  I,  N.  Brown,  and  all  under  his 
command,  for  their  skill  and  gallantry  in  the  on'^agement  of 
the  "Arkansas"  with  the  enemy's  fleet  near  A  ivlrsburg. 

STCK  AND  WOUNDEJb  SOLDIERS. 

No.  so — ^This  is  an  important  act,  entitled  '-an  act  to  betJ- 
ter  provide  for  the  sick  and  wounded  of  the  army  in  hosj^i- 
tals,"  which  if  enforced  and  carried  out,  would  silt^nce  many 
oi'  the  complaints  in  retiiarj   to  t^  -^  trofltrr^put  of  sick  anv| 
wounded  soldiers  in  ;md  out  of  hospitals.     The  firet  secti^ 
fixes  the  commutation  value  of  rations  of  siHv  a'"j  disal>leal 
soldiers  in  the  hpspitals  atone  dollar,  which  shall  constitute' 
the  hospital  fuiid-;  for  the  purchase  of  supplies^any  excess 
over  $5,000i;o  be  paiiSnto  the  Confedemte  States  Treasury. 
The  second  section  directs  the  Secretary  of  War  to  make  con 
tracts  for.  the^  speedy  transportation  of  supplies  pirchascd 
for  hospitals,  or  donated  by  individuals;  societies,  or  ^ta1:Q|i|. 
.etc.     The  od  section  allows  to  each  hospital  suits  of  cl'.'t'hin^^ 
(shirts,  pantaloQiis,  and  drawers,)   equal,  to  the  number  of 
beds  in  the  hospital,  for  the  use  ')f  iho  sick  while  in  tlic  hos 
pital.     The  4th  section  albwS  two  mat^ons-il9:cL^  '  ' 
sistant  matrons,  and  two  6kJ/lier  matrons,  fof  each  \n 
ery  hospital,  and  prescribes  their  pay,  respective  duties.     [  v.-v- 
ery  matron  so  employed  should  be  furnished  with  a  cOpy  of 
this  act.]     The  surgeon  or  assistant  surgeon  in  charge  of  an 
hospital  is  authorized  to  employ  such  other^  nurses   (giving 
preference  to  females)  as  nuiy  be^ecesSsai  .  \  n  iha  proper  care 
and  aifejiiiori  of   Ihe  slt'Jr.  ^  Tha  Tith  s^ttion  provides   for 
accommodating  in  the  same;1lo.sj>it;il,  as  far-*.s  practicable,  all 
siick  and  wounded  soldiers  A'om   aiiy  *farri'-ular  State — tjie 
'  hospitals  to  be  num.ber<M>4nd  designated  for  that 


Hollinger  Corp. 
pH8.5 


